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Symposium on the engineering behaviour of glacial materials, Birmingham, April 1975
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Geomechanics Abstracts
General Books 306 SHIR INKULOV, TS C~Iculation of engineering structures on an elastic nonuniform bsse.-Textbook. Figs,Refs. FAN .USSR, 1972 • This book deals with problems associated with the practical calculations of beams and plates on a compressible base, when using a design model of a semi-infinite elastic solid with a modulus of deformation which increases with depth, along with models of a homogeneous semifinite elastic solid and elastic layer of finite thickness. The monograph is a generalization of 20 articles by the author and consists of a preface, 5 chapters, 3 appendices and references. It contains many calculation examples with nnmerical results and diagrams of reactive pressures, bending moments and transverse forces.
30~ LYSENED,MP Composition and physical and mechanical properties of soils .-Textbook. NEDRA. USSR, 1972. The book generalizes a large body of data accu~,~lated in the past 20 years on the composition and properties of soils. The soils are classified according to construction characteristics and subdivided using the natural. scientific classifications of soil science. For each soil textural and structural characteristics are described and information of the composition and physical and mechanical properties of the soil are given. The book may serve as a handbook for design calculations, end reso~:nendations for i~rovlng construction pro. parties of the soils are given.
Conferences 3o8 ]vEILYUE~v,EI RYZHY~V, l~ International conference-Problems of the design and construction of the substructure of buildings. SOIL MECH.FOUNDATION E~G.VII, NI,1974,P75-76. This article reports on the salient features of the international conference on problems of the design and construction of the substructure of buildings, held in Bulgaria in Oct .1973. The ma~or themes of papers presented at the conference are outlined.
3O9
BARKAN, DD Results of the third all-union conference on dynamics of bases, foundations and underground structures • SOIL MECH.FOUNDATION ENG.VlI,NI,197h,P77-80. The main trends of reports presented at the Third AllUnion Conference on Dynamics of bases, foundations and underground structures, held in Tashkent in April 1973,
are outlined in this paper. 250 reports were presented at the conferemce, and in this article it was r~t possible to name the authors of the reports; the author of the article however attempts to evaluate the main themes of the reports. 310 ANANEV,VP GILMAN,YD Inter institute conference on construction on loess. SOIL MECH.FOUNDATION E~G.VII,NI,197h,P81-82. An outline of the progr,mm~ and reports presented at the Interinstitute Conference on Construction on loess, held in Fostov-on-Don in Sept.1973, is presented in this article. Full summaries of the reports have been published in the collection-Transactions of the Interinstitute Conference on Construction on loess .-(Rostov-on-Don,197B). 311 BAKHOIOIN, BV PETR~ZSED ,VB Joint conference on engineering-geologic explorations for the design of pile foundations. SOIL MECH.FOUNDATION ENG.VI1,NI,1974,P83-Sh. The major themes of reports presented at the conference on ~k~Eineering-Gsologic Explorations for the design of Pile Foundations, held in K h a ~ v in 1973, are outlined in this article, together with the conclusions and recommendations of the conference. The papers presented at the conference have been published in the collection entltled-"Engineering.Gsologic Exploration for the design of pile foundations", which contains 44 reports. 312 SYMPOS IUM Symposium on the Engineering Behaviour of Glacial Materials,Birmlngham, April 1975.-List of papers to be presented. MIDLAND SOIL MECH.FOUND.HNGNG SOC.GB,1975. The papers to be presented are as follows:- Session i I. Fookes P.G., Cordon D.L., and Higginbottom I.E.- Glacial landforms, their deposits and engineering characteristics; 2. Boulton G.S.- The relation between the genesis of tills and their engineering properties; 3. Whalley W.B.- The stability of steep faces in lateral moraines; 4. Knutsson G. Grain size and lithology of some types of till in Southern Sweden. 5. Derbyshire E. Distribution of glacial soils in Great Britain. 6. Boderick G.L. Properties of some glacial soils in Wisconsin. 7. Moon C.F. The failure mechanism of quick clay soils: A model approach. 8. Mccown A, Anderson W.F., Rsdwan A.M. Geotechnical properties of the tills in West Central Scotland. Session II i. Fookes P.G., Simons N.E., Site investigation for a major highway in glacial terrain of the Taff valley, South Wales. 2. Thread~ld L., and Weekes R .C. Deep laminated clay deposits in the Sklpton area. 3. Davies R. and Pascall D. Value of routine methods of site investigation in glacial materials. 4. McKinlay D.G., McGown A., Radwan A.M., Hossain D. Representative sa~ling and testing in fissured lodgement tills. 5. Butler F. and Stroud M.A. The S.P.T. and the engineering properties of glacial materials. 6. Silver M.L. and Fail. lace G.A. Effect of s~mpling on the dynamic stress-strain properties of till. 7. Anderson W.F. and McKinlay D.G. Tests to find the modulus of deformation of till. 8. Mar_ sland A. In situ and laboratory tests on boulder clay at Redcar. Session Ill I. Vaughan P. The use of glacial clays as fills in major embsnkments. 2. Cocksedge J.E. and Hight D.W. Some gsotechnlcal aspects of road design and construction in glacial materials. 3. Dyson S. and
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Charman J. The stability of a boulder clay slope. 4. Cocksedge J.E. and Hight D.W. Artesian slopes in glaciated landscapes and their influence on the stability of road cuttings. 5. Bevan O.M. Tunnelling experience in glacial materials. 6. Bennett D.H. Problems of excavation in permeable drift. 7. Dunn C.S. Use of quick lime to facilitate the handling of glacial clays.
Properties of rocks and soils See also abstracts:312,475. 313 SZECOWKA, Z Variation of certain mechanical properties of coal with moisture content from the aspect of combating seam rock bursts .-In Polish. CENTRAL MIN. INST.KATOWICE .TRANSACTION, N568,1972,35P. 314 GIDIGASU, MD BANI, SK Gsotechnical characteristics of troublesome laterite materials. Conference. Session four. 5F,hT,23R. PROC.EIGHTH INT.CONF.ON SOIL MECH.FOUND.ENGNG. MOSCOW,1973,V2.2,P89-96. Data on the engineering characteristics of laterite materials indicate that they range from poor to excellant for engineering purposes, but difficulties arise in the distinguishing of troublesome laterite materials from non-troublesome ones. This paper suggests that sensitivity to drying and remouldlng and potential swell ere significant properties by which troublesome and non-troublesome laterite materials can be distinguished. However, it is suggested that before satisfactory procedures for evaluating laterite materials can be evolved, there is a need for a greater standardization of terminology and test procedures. 315 MIKHEEV,W PETRUKHIN, VP KRONIK, YA.A. Froperties of saline soils used in construction. Conference. Sesslon four. 3F,2T,9R. PROC.EIGHTH INT.CONF.ON SOIL MECH.FOUND.~GNG. MOSCOW, 1973, V2.2, P133-138. This paper is in two sections .Section one deals with the specific physlco-mechanical properties of saline soils in arid and seml-arid regions, and section two deals with a similar study for clayey, water-saturated saline soils, characteristics for five cate@ories of saline soils classified according to their granulometric composition ere given, and features of the deformation of saline soils with time upon wetting the soil base ere discussed. Laws ere l~rOposed for the char~es in saline soil properties with leaching, and proposals made for the standardization and studying of saline soils in field and laboratory conditions, and for carrying out measures that ensure normal maintainence of structures erected on saline soils. 316 DE GRAFT- JOHNSON, JW BHATIA, HS YEBOA, SL Geotechnical properties of accra shales. Conference. Session four. 7F,BT,11R. PROC.EIGH~ INT.CONF.ON SOIL MECH.FOUND.~GNG. FDSCOW,1973,V2.2,P97-10h. In this paper a study of the geotechnical properties of shales of Accra, Ghana, has been undertaken. The study groups the shales into soft (uncemented) shales, and herd (cemented) shales, each of which can be further described as sandy, silty or clayey. A range of properties ere given for each type of shale and it has
been realised that the problem shales ere generally of the soft type. The clayey shales have the tendency to develop high swelling pressures. 317 KHAZIN, BG GONCHAROV,BV The use of ultrasound to estimate the strength of frozen soils during working. 2F,2T,4R. SOIL MECH.FOUNDATION ENG.VII,N2,1974,PI22-125. Experiments were carried out to determine the influence of the n~uln intrastructural and external factors (temperature, moisture etc.) on the velocity of ultrasound, using longitudinal ultrasound waves on clay loam and sand using direct and counterdirected sounding. Investigations were then carried out to determine the correlations between the acoustic and strength characteristics of soils. The results are presented here in graphical and tabular form. A classification of soils for crushability based on acoustic characteristics is suggested° 318 BARKAN, DD TROF I M ~ V , YUG GOLUBTSOVA,MN Relation between elastic and strength characteristics of soils.6F,SR. SO IL MECH .FOUNDATION ~ G N G .Vll, N1,1974, P51- 54. Data from various sources is plotted graphically to show the relationships between elastic characteristics of soils (modulus of elasticity and values derived from it such as the elastic stiffness of a Winkler foundation bed, wave velocity) and strength characteristics of soils. Quantitative experimental data is accumulated to demonstrate an approximately linear correlation between elastic and strength characteristics of soils. 319 HANRAHAN, ET SHAHROUR,M Prediction of strain rates using Eg ~und Ek persmeters Conference. Session one. 4F,IT, gR. FROC.EIGHTH INT.CONF.ON SOIL MECH.FOUND.ENGNG. MOSCOW,V1. I, 1973, P171-175. The Eg and ~ parameters ere principal strains in cylindrical specimens (with provision for radial drainage) brought about, respectively, by i) principal stress difference and li) volumetric stress. The paper demonstrates the application of these psrsmeters to the problem of forecasting the stress.strain relationship for specimens of silt which are being sheered to fsilure in a triaxial cell in both drained and undrained conditions. Good agreement is found between computed and observed values.
32O GOLDSCHEID~, M GUDEHUS, G Rectilinear extension of dry sand-testing apparatus and experimental results. Conference. Session one. 7F, IT, 8R. PROC.EIGHTH INT.CONF.ON SOIL MECH.~73UND.ENGNG. MOSCOW, Vl. i, 1973, P143- lh9 • This paper describes a truly triaxial appsratus, which satisfies both the need for producing uniform stresses and strains throughout the samples, and the need to have sufficient degrees of freedom to s/low for 3-dimensional defor~tions in the soil, and which is used to obtain quantitative information concerning the stress strain behaviour of soils. Some results obtained when this apperatus w~s used in Karlsruhe ere also presented. 321 HAKIMI MARCHAND ORLIAC Pore pressure in pertly saturated soils predictionLaboratory test and in-situ measurements. In French. Conference. Sessien one. llF,2T,2R. PROC.EIGHTH INT.CONF.ON SOIL MECH.FOUND.ENGNG. I~DSCOW, VI. I, 1973, P163 -!70. A mathematical analysis to predict the development of
Geomechanics Abstracts
General Books 306 SHIR INKULOV, TS C~Iculation of engineering structures on an elastic nonuniform bsse.-Textbook. Figs,Refs. FAN .USSR, 1972 • This book deals with problems associated with the practical calculations of beams and plates on a compressible base, when using a design model of a semi-infinite elastic solid with a modulus of deformation which increases with depth, along with models of a homogeneous semifinite elastic solid and elastic layer of finite thickness. The monograph is a generalization of 20 articles by the author and consists of a preface, 5 chapters, 3 appendices and references. It contains many calculation examples with nnmerical results and diagrams of reactive pressures, bending moments and transverse forces.
30~ LYSENED,MP Composition and physical and mechanical properties of soils .-Textbook. NEDRA. USSR, 1972. The book generalizes a large body of data accu~,~lated in the past 20 years on the composition and properties of soils. The soils are classified according to construction characteristics and subdivided using the natural. scientific classifications of soil science. For each soil textural and structural characteristics are described and information of the composition and physical and mechanical properties of the soil are given. The book may serve as a handbook for design calculations, end reso~:nendations for i~rovlng construction pro. parties of the soils are given.
Conferences 3o8 ]vEILYUE~v,EI RYZHY~V, l~ International conference-Problems of the design and construction of the substructure of buildings. SOIL MECH.FOUNDATION E~G.VII, NI,1974,P75-76. This article reports on the salient features of the international conference on problems of the design and construction of the substructure of buildings, held in Bulgaria in Oct .1973. The ma~or themes of papers presented at the conference are outlined.
3O9
BARKAN, DD Results of the third all-union conference on dynamics of bases, foundations and underground structures • SOIL MECH.FOUNDATION ENG.VlI,NI,197h,P77-80. The main trends of reports presented at the Third AllUnion Conference on Dynamics of bases, foundations and underground structures, held in Tashkent in April 1973,
are outlined in this paper. 250 reports were presented at the conferemce, and in this article it was r~t possible to name the authors of the reports; the author of the article however attempts to evaluate the main themes of the reports. 310 ANANEV,VP GILMAN,YD Inter institute conference on construction on loess. SOIL MECH.FOUNDATION E~G.VII,NI,197h,P81-82. An outline of the progr,mm~ and reports presented at the Interinstitute Conference on Construction on loess, held in Fostov-on-Don in Sept.1973, is presented in this article. Full summaries of the reports have been published in the collection-Transactions of the Interinstitute Conference on Construction on loess .-(Rostov-on-Don,197B). 311 BAKHOIOIN, BV PETR~ZSED ,VB Joint conference on engineering-geologic explorations for the design of pile foundations. SOIL MECH.FOUNDATION ENG.VI1,NI,1974,P83-Sh. The major themes of reports presented at the conference on ~k~Eineering-Gsologic Explorations for the design of Pile Foundations, held in K h a ~ v in 1973, are outlined in this article, together with the conclusions and recommendations of the conference. The papers presented at the conference have been published in the collection entltled-"Engineering.Gsologic Exploration for the design of pile foundations", which contains 44 reports. 312 SYMPOS IUM Symposium on the Engineering Behaviour of Glacial Materials,Birmlngham, April 1975.-List of papers to be presented. MIDLAND SOIL MECH.FOUND.HNGNG SOC.GB,1975. The papers to be presented are as follows:- Session i I. Fookes P.G., Cordon D.L., and Higginbottom I.E.- Glacial landforms, their deposits and engineering characteristics; 2. Boulton G.S.- The relation between the genesis of tills and their engineering properties; 3. Whalley W.B.- The stability of steep faces in lateral moraines; 4. Knutsson G. Grain size and lithology of some types of till in Southern Sweden. 5. Derbyshire E. Distribution of glacial soils in Great Britain. 6. Boderick G.L. Properties of some glacial soils in Wisconsin. 7. Moon C.F. The failure mechanism of quick clay soils: A model approach. 8. Mccown A, Anderson W.F., Rsdwan A.M. Geotechnical properties of the tills in West Central Scotland. Session II i. Fookes P.G., Simons N.E., Site investigation for a major highway in glacial terrain of the Taff valley, South Wales. 2. Thread~ld L., and Weekes R .C. Deep laminated clay deposits in the Sklpton area. 3. Davies R. and Pascall D. Value of routine methods of site investigation in glacial materials. 4. McKinlay D.G., McGown A., Radwan A.M., Hossain D. Representative sa~ling and testing in fissured lodgement tills. 5. Butler F. and Stroud M.A. The S.P.T. and the engineering properties of glacial materials. 6. Silver M.L. and Fail. lace G.A. Effect of s~mpling on the dynamic stress-strain properties of till. 7. Anderson W.F. and McKinlay D.G. Tests to find the modulus of deformation of till. 8. Mar_ sland A. In situ and laboratory tests on boulder clay at Redcar. Session Ill I. Vaughan P. The use of glacial clays as fills in major embsnkments. 2. Cocksedge J.E. and Hight D.W. Some gsotechnlcal aspects of road design and construction in glacial materials. 3. Dyson S. and
32A
Charman J. The stability of a boulder clay slope. 4. Cocksedge J.E. and Hight D.W. Artesian slopes in glaciated landscapes and their influence on the stability of road cuttings. 5. Bevan O.M. Tunnelling experience in glacial materials. 6. Bennett D.H. Problems of excavation in permeable drift. 7. Dunn C.S. Use of quick lime to facilitate the handling of glacial clays.
Properties of rocks and soils See also abstracts:312,475. 313 SZECOWKA, Z Variation of certain mechanical properties of coal with moisture content from the aspect of combating seam rock bursts .-In Polish. CENTRAL MIN. INST.KATOWICE .TRANSACTION, N568,1972,35P. 314 GIDIGASU, MD BANI, SK Gsotechnical characteristics of troublesome laterite materials. Conference. Session four. 5F,hT,23R. PROC.EIGHTH INT.CONF.ON SOIL MECH.FOUND.ENGNG. MOSCOW,1973,V2.2,P89-96. Data on the engineering characteristics of laterite materials indicate that they range from poor to excellant for engineering purposes, but difficulties arise in the distinguishing of troublesome laterite materials from non-troublesome ones. This paper suggests that sensitivity to drying and remouldlng and potential swell ere significant properties by which troublesome and non-troublesome laterite materials can be distinguished. However, it is suggested that before satisfactory procedures for evaluating laterite materials can be evolved, there is a need for a greater standardization of terminology and test procedures. 315 MIKHEEV,W PETRUKHIN, VP KRONIK, YA.A. Froperties of saline soils used in construction. Conference. Sesslon four. 3F,2T,9R. PROC.EIGHTH INT.CONF.ON SOIL MECH.FOUND.~GNG. MOSCOW, 1973, V2.2, P133-138. This paper is in two sections .Section one deals with the specific physlco-mechanical properties of saline soils in arid and seml-arid regions, and section two deals with a similar study for clayey, water-saturated saline soils, characteristics for five cate@ories of saline soils classified according to their granulometric composition ere given, and features of the deformation of saline soils with time upon wetting the soil base ere discussed. Laws ere l~rOposed for the char~es in saline soil properties with leaching, and proposals made for the standardization and studying of saline soils in field and laboratory conditions, and for carrying out measures that ensure normal maintainence of structures erected on saline soils. 316 DE GRAFT- JOHNSON, JW BHATIA, HS YEBOA, SL Geotechnical properties of accra shales. Conference. Session four. 7F,BT,11R. PROC.EIGH~ INT.CONF.ON SOIL MECH.FOUND.~GNG. FDSCOW,1973,V2.2,P97-10h. In this paper a study of the geotechnical properties of shales of Accra, Ghana, has been undertaken. The study groups the shales into soft (uncemented) shales, and herd (cemented) shales, each of which can be further described as sandy, silty or clayey. A range of properties ere given for each type of shale and it has
been realised that the problem shales ere generally of the soft type. The clayey shales have the tendency to develop high swelling pressures. 317 KHAZIN, BG GONCHAROV,BV The use of ultrasound to estimate the strength of frozen soils during working. 2F,2T,4R. SOIL MECH.FOUNDATION ENG.VII,N2,1974,PI22-125. Experiments were carried out to determine the influence of the n~uln intrastructural and external factors (temperature, moisture etc.) on the velocity of ultrasound, using longitudinal ultrasound waves on clay loam and sand using direct and counterdirected sounding. Investigations were then carried out to determine the correlations between the acoustic and strength characteristics of soils. The results are presented here in graphical and tabular form. A classification of soils for crushability based on acoustic characteristics is suggested° 318 BARKAN, DD TROF I M ~ V , YUG GOLUBTSOVA,MN Relation between elastic and strength characteristics of soils.6F,SR. SO IL MECH .FOUNDATION ~ G N G .Vll, N1,1974, P51- 54. Data from various sources is plotted graphically to show the relationships between elastic characteristics of soils (modulus of elasticity and values derived from it such as the elastic stiffness of a Winkler foundation bed, wave velocity) and strength characteristics of soils. Quantitative experimental data is accumulated to demonstrate an approximately linear correlation between elastic and strength characteristics of soils. 319 HANRAHAN, ET SHAHROUR,M Prediction of strain rates using Eg ~und Ek persmeters Conference. Session one. 4F,IT, gR. FROC.EIGHTH INT.CONF.ON SOIL MECH.FOUND.ENGNG. MOSCOW,V1. I, 1973, P171-175. The Eg and ~ parameters ere principal strains in cylindrical specimens (with provision for radial drainage) brought about, respectively, by i) principal stress difference and li) volumetric stress. The paper demonstrates the application of these psrsmeters to the problem of forecasting the stress.strain relationship for specimens of silt which are being sheered to fsilure in a triaxial cell in both drained and undrained conditions. Good agreement is found between computed and observed values.
32O GOLDSCHEID~, M GUDEHUS, G Rectilinear extension of dry sand-testing apparatus and experimental results. Conference. Session one. 7F, IT, 8R. PROC.EIGHTH INT.CONF.ON SOIL MECH.~73UND.ENGNG. MOSCOW, Vl. i, 1973, P143- lh9 • This paper describes a truly triaxial appsratus, which satisfies both the need for producing uniform stresses and strains throughout the samples, and the need to have sufficient degrees of freedom to s/low for 3-dimensional defor~tions in the soil, and which is used to obtain quantitative information concerning the stress strain behaviour of soils. Some results obtained when this apperatus w~s used in Karlsruhe ere also presented. 321 HAKIMI MARCHAND ORLIAC Pore pressure in pertly saturated soils predictionLaboratory test and in-situ measurements. In French. Conference. Sessien one. llF,2T,2R. PROC.EIGHTH INT.CONF.ON SOIL MECH.FOUND.ENGNG. I~DSCOW, VI. I, 1973, P163 -!70. A mathematical analysis to predict the development of