- Email: [email protected]
Synthesis of low caloric structured lipids by lipase-catalysed interesterification of olive oil with caprylic acid
S736
Abstracts / Journal of Biotechnology 136S (2008) S717–S742
VIII1-P-055
VIII1-P-057
Synthesis of low caloric structured lipids by lipase-catalysed interesterification of olive oil with caprylic acid
Influence of complex nutrient sources: Dates syrup and dates pits on Lactococcus lactis growth and nisin production
P. Pires-Cabral 1,2,∗ , P.A. Nunes 1 , S. Ferreira-Dias 2
Mohammad Khiyami 1,∗ , Baseel Aboseide 2 , Anthony Pometto III 3
1
EST, Universidade do Algarve, Campus da Penha, 8000 Faro, Portugal Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Centro de Estudos de Engenharia Rural, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
1
2
2
E-mail addresses: [email protected], [email protected] (P. PiresCabral), [email protected] (S. Ferreira-Dias).
E-mail address: [email protected] (M. Khiyami).
In the Food Industry, R&D activities have been focusing on enzymatic processes, recognized as natural, in order to produce healthy and natural foods and ingredients, with nutraceutical and functional properties (Xu, 2002). Structured lipids (SLs) are examples of these products that can be obtained by green enzymatic processes, for nutritional, pharmaceutical and medical applications (Willis et al., 1998; Osborn and Akoh, 2002). They consist of novel triacylglycerols (TAGs) obtained by changing the native fatty acid (FA) profiles or by the incorporation of new desired FAs in the acylglycerol backbone (Osborn and Akoh, 2002).The TAGs of MLM type, i.e. triacylglycerols containing medium chain fatty acids (M) at positions 1 and 3 and a long chain fatty acid (L) at position 2, are known as SLs with human health benefits. In fact, these SLs present dietetic interest for their lower caloric value and they are also important as a food source for persons with pancreatic insufficiency and other absorption problems (Xu, 2002; Osborn and Akoh, 2002).This work aimed at the production of TAGs of MLM type. These SLs were obtained by interesterification of olive oil with caprylic acid, C8:0 (acidolysis) catalysed by 1,3-selective immobilized lipases from Thermomyces lanuginosa and Rhizomucor miehei The reactions were performed in solvent-free media or in n-hexane media. Reaction products were separated by thin layer chromatography (TLC) in silica gel plates. The TAG bands were scrapped from the TLC plate, methylated and assayed by gas chromatography (Jennings and Akoh, 2001). Fatty acid incorporation yield and reaction rate depended on the biocatalyst and reaction system type used. In general, higher yields were attained in solvent-free media. Under these conditions, the incorporation yields in the TAGs were 22.6% and 31.1% for acidolysis catalyzed by Thermomyces lanuginosa or Rhizomucor miehei lipases, respectively, upon 24-h reaction time. References
King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Saudi Arabia King Saud University, Saudi Arabia 3 Iowa State University, United States
The annual cost of foodborne diseases related to Campylobacter jejuni, Clostridium perfringens, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enterica, Staphylococcus aureus, and Toxoplasma gondii is between $6.5 and $34.9 billion. Therefore, naturally produced antimicrobial compounds, especially those produced by bacteria, the bacteriocins, have received great attention from both the food industry and food scientists. Nisin is most common kind of bacteriocins. It is produced by certain types of lactic acid bacteria (LAB). LAB are fastidious with respect to their nutrient requirements and the growth of some strains is often inhibited in defined medium due to nutrient limitation. Raw materials consisting of dates syrup and dates pits can be used as complex media to meet the nutritional requirements of L. lactis for the production of nisin. The main objective of this study was to verify the potential of using a variety of dates and dates pits as complex media for promoting modified industries which are still growing and need considerable development. A classical technique was used to extract dates syrup and prepare dates pits for fermentation experiment. The total sugar content of dates syrup exceeds 80%. The analysis of sugar contents of dates syrup showed fructose (41%), glucose (39%), and traces of sucrose. The analysis of dates pits illustrated crude protein (6.5%), oil (10.4%), and carbohydrates (60%). The analysis of dates pits also revealed that it contained micro and macro elements. Low concentration of dates syrup 5.0% (v/v) enhanced L. lactis nisin production. The production of nisin began after 2 h of incubation. The nisin production increased gradually after 6 h and reached maximum after 12 h of incubation. The dates pits elucidated the possibility of being employed as a nitrogen source for L. lactis growth and nisin production. All dates pits’ concentrations enhanced the L. lactis growth compared to yeast extract. The profile also elucidated that the optimal concentration of dates pits and dates syrup for L. lactis growth and nisin production is 1.5% (w/v) and 5.0% (v/v), respectively.
Jennings, B.H., Akoh, C.C., 2001. Lipase catalyzed modification of fish oil to incorporate capric acid. Food Chem. 72, 273–278. Osborn, H.T., Akoh, C.C., 2002. Structured lipids – novel fats with medical, nutraceutical and food applications. Comprehens. Rev. Food Sci. Food Safety 3, 93–103. Willis, W.M., Lencki, R.W., Marangoni, A.G., 1998. Lipid modification strategies in the production of nutritionally functional fats and oils. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 38, 639–674. Xu, X., 2002. Production of specific structured triacylglycerols by lipase-catalyzed reactions: a review. Eur. J. Lipid. Sci. Technol. 102, 287–303.
doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.07.1754
doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.07.1753
1
VIII1-P-058 Beta carotene production from industrial waste by Phycomyces nitens Merih Kıvanc¸ 1,∗ , Mustafa Kahyao˘glu 2 Anadolu University, Science of Faculty, Department of Biology, Eskisehir, Turkey 2 Dicle University, Education Faculty, Siirt, Turkey E-mail address: [email protected] (M. Kıvanc¸). Carotenoids are ubiquitous pigments synthesized by plants, fungi, algae, and bacteria. Industrially, carotenoids are used in pharmaceuticals, neutraceuticals, and animal feed additives, as well as colorants in cosmetics and foods. Scientific interest in dietary carotenoids has increased in recent years because of their beneficial effects on human health, such as lowering the risk of cancer and enhancement of immune system function, which are attributed
Abstracts / Journal of Biotechnology 136S (2008) S717–S742
VIII1-P-055
VIII1-P-057
Synthesis of low caloric structured lipids by lipase-catalysed interesterification of olive oil with caprylic acid
Influence of complex nutrient sources: Dates syrup and dates pits on Lactococcus lactis growth and nisin production
P. Pires-Cabral 1,2,∗ , P.A. Nunes 1 , S. Ferreira-Dias 2
Mohammad Khiyami 1,∗ , Baseel Aboseide 2 , Anthony Pometto III 3
1
EST, Universidade do Algarve, Campus da Penha, 8000 Faro, Portugal Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Centro de Estudos de Engenharia Rural, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
1
2
2
E-mail addresses: [email protected], [email protected] (P. PiresCabral), [email protected] (S. Ferreira-Dias).
E-mail address: [email protected] (M. Khiyami).
In the Food Industry, R&D activities have been focusing on enzymatic processes, recognized as natural, in order to produce healthy and natural foods and ingredients, with nutraceutical and functional properties (Xu, 2002). Structured lipids (SLs) are examples of these products that can be obtained by green enzymatic processes, for nutritional, pharmaceutical and medical applications (Willis et al., 1998; Osborn and Akoh, 2002). They consist of novel triacylglycerols (TAGs) obtained by changing the native fatty acid (FA) profiles or by the incorporation of new desired FAs in the acylglycerol backbone (Osborn and Akoh, 2002).The TAGs of MLM type, i.e. triacylglycerols containing medium chain fatty acids (M) at positions 1 and 3 and a long chain fatty acid (L) at position 2, are known as SLs with human health benefits. In fact, these SLs present dietetic interest for their lower caloric value and they are also important as a food source for persons with pancreatic insufficiency and other absorption problems (Xu, 2002; Osborn and Akoh, 2002).This work aimed at the production of TAGs of MLM type. These SLs were obtained by interesterification of olive oil with caprylic acid, C8:0 (acidolysis) catalysed by 1,3-selective immobilized lipases from Thermomyces lanuginosa and Rhizomucor miehei The reactions were performed in solvent-free media or in n-hexane media. Reaction products were separated by thin layer chromatography (TLC) in silica gel plates. The TAG bands were scrapped from the TLC plate, methylated and assayed by gas chromatography (Jennings and Akoh, 2001). Fatty acid incorporation yield and reaction rate depended on the biocatalyst and reaction system type used. In general, higher yields were attained in solvent-free media. Under these conditions, the incorporation yields in the TAGs were 22.6% and 31.1% for acidolysis catalyzed by Thermomyces lanuginosa or Rhizomucor miehei lipases, respectively, upon 24-h reaction time. References
King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Saudi Arabia King Saud University, Saudi Arabia 3 Iowa State University, United States
The annual cost of foodborne diseases related to Campylobacter jejuni, Clostridium perfringens, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enterica, Staphylococcus aureus, and Toxoplasma gondii is between $6.5 and $34.9 billion. Therefore, naturally produced antimicrobial compounds, especially those produced by bacteria, the bacteriocins, have received great attention from both the food industry and food scientists. Nisin is most common kind of bacteriocins. It is produced by certain types of lactic acid bacteria (LAB). LAB are fastidious with respect to their nutrient requirements and the growth of some strains is often inhibited in defined medium due to nutrient limitation. Raw materials consisting of dates syrup and dates pits can be used as complex media to meet the nutritional requirements of L. lactis for the production of nisin. The main objective of this study was to verify the potential of using a variety of dates and dates pits as complex media for promoting modified industries which are still growing and need considerable development. A classical technique was used to extract dates syrup and prepare dates pits for fermentation experiment. The total sugar content of dates syrup exceeds 80%. The analysis of sugar contents of dates syrup showed fructose (41%), glucose (39%), and traces of sucrose. The analysis of dates pits illustrated crude protein (6.5%), oil (10.4%), and carbohydrates (60%). The analysis of dates pits also revealed that it contained micro and macro elements. Low concentration of dates syrup 5.0% (v/v) enhanced L. lactis nisin production. The production of nisin began after 2 h of incubation. The nisin production increased gradually after 6 h and reached maximum after 12 h of incubation. The dates pits elucidated the possibility of being employed as a nitrogen source for L. lactis growth and nisin production. All dates pits’ concentrations enhanced the L. lactis growth compared to yeast extract. The profile also elucidated that the optimal concentration of dates pits and dates syrup for L. lactis growth and nisin production is 1.5% (w/v) and 5.0% (v/v), respectively.
Jennings, B.H., Akoh, C.C., 2001. Lipase catalyzed modification of fish oil to incorporate capric acid. Food Chem. 72, 273–278. Osborn, H.T., Akoh, C.C., 2002. Structured lipids – novel fats with medical, nutraceutical and food applications. Comprehens. Rev. Food Sci. Food Safety 3, 93–103. Willis, W.M., Lencki, R.W., Marangoni, A.G., 1998. Lipid modification strategies in the production of nutritionally functional fats and oils. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 38, 639–674. Xu, X., 2002. Production of specific structured triacylglycerols by lipase-catalyzed reactions: a review. Eur. J. Lipid. Sci. Technol. 102, 287–303.
doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.07.1754
doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.07.1753
1
VIII1-P-058 Beta carotene production from industrial waste by Phycomyces nitens Merih Kıvanc¸ 1,∗ , Mustafa Kahyao˘glu 2 Anadolu University, Science of Faculty, Department of Biology, Eskisehir, Turkey 2 Dicle University, Education Faculty, Siirt, Turkey E-mail address: [email protected] (M. Kıvanc¸). Carotenoids are ubiquitous pigments synthesized by plants, fungi, algae, and bacteria. Industrially, carotenoids are used in pharmaceuticals, neutraceuticals, and animal feed additives, as well as colorants in cosmetics and foods. Scientific interest in dietary carotenoids has increased in recent years because of their beneficial effects on human health, such as lowering the risk of cancer and enhancement of immune system function, which are attributed