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Synthesis of new cellulose derivatives—XXIII. Synthesis of chlorocellulose and its conversion products. Preparation of amino- and nitro-cellulose
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Abstracts
copolymer consists of chains ( M ~ 7 × 104) of polymethylmethacrylate (10~o b y weight) onto which are grafted shorter chains ( M ~ 2 × 103) of polystyrene (90~o b y weight). The graft copolymer has a positive optical anisotropy, despite the negative anisotropy of its main component polystyrene. This is explained b y the specific features of the graft structure. SYNTHESIS OF NEW CELLULOSE DERIVATIVES -- XXIH. SYNTHESIS OF CHLOROCELLULOSE AND ITS CONVERSION PRODUCTS. PREPARATION OF AMINO- AND NITROCELLULOSE
A . I . P o l y a k . 3 v a n d Z. A . R o g o v i n , V y s o k o m o ] . s o y e d . 5: N o . 1, 1 1 - 1 7 , 1963. NEW methods for the synthesis of chloro- a n d aminoccllulose have been developed. A new t y p e of cellulose derivatives, nitrilocellulose, was synthesized f o r the first time b y reaction between chlorocellulose and potassium cyanide. SYNTHESIS OF NEW CELLULOSE DERIVATIVES -- XXIV. SYNTHESIS OF A CELLULOSE -POLYACRYLONITRILE GRAFT COPOLYMER AND INVESTIGATION OF ITS PRO' PERTIES
S u n ' T u n , L i Z h u i a n d Z. A. R o g o v i n , V y s o k o m o l . s o y e d . 5: N o . 1, 1 8 - 2 3 , 1963. THE properties of a cellulosc-polyacrylonitrile graft copolymer with varying number of side chains and varying polymerization coefficient of polyacrylonitrile in the side chain have been investigated. I t has been shown t h a t the properties of the graft copolymer are affected not only b y the structure and a m o u n t of p o l y m e r being grafted on, but also b y the mean polymerization coefficient of polyacrylonitrile in the side chain. COPOLYMERS OF UNSATURATED DICARBOXYLIC ACID SALTS AND METHACRYLIC ACID
Y e . V. K u z n e t s o v a n d V. Y e . L o z h k i n , V y s o k o m o l . s o y e d . 5: N o . 1, 2 4 - 2 7 , 1963. THE synthesis has been described of copolymers of the calcium, magnesium a n d lead salts of maleie a n d fumaric acids with methacrylic acid. I t has been found t h a t the incorporation of these salts considerably shortens the induction period and increases the polymerization rate. The resultant polymers v a r y in composition, fractions of lower molecular weight conraining more of the salt residues. I t was also found t h a t cobalt and copper ammonium salts of maleic acid do not participate in the copolymerization process, but are inhibit0rs of the polymerization of methacrylic acid. The copper salt of maleic acid takes p a r t in the copolymerization but greatly hinders the latter. Fumaric salts more readily copolymerize t h a n the corresponding malcic acid salts. HETEROCHAIN COPOLYMERIZATION--I. COPOLYMERIZATION HYDR1N WITH ACETO AND BENZONITRILES
OF
EPICHLORO-
A . A . D u r g a r y a n a n d R . M. B e g i n y a n , V y s o k o m o ] . s o y e d . 5: N o . 1, 2 8 - 3 1 , 1963. AN INVESTIGATION has been started into the copolymerization of compounds with carbon a t o m multiple-bonded with a heteroatom, of compounds with strained rings, containing a heteroatom in the chain, a n d also of the copolymerization of these compounds with vinyl a n d diene monomers, with the objective of preparing heterochain polymers a n d of elucidating the regularities of these reactions. I t has been shown t h a t epichlorohydrin eopolymerizes with aceto a n d benzonitriles. The monomer reactivity ratios have been obtained for the pairs: epichlorohydrin (M1)--acetonitrile (Ms) rl = 4.2 =]=0.4, r I = 0 ± 0.02 a n d epichlorohydrinbenzonitrile (Ms) rl----2"8±0"2, r 2 ~ 0 ± 0 " 0 2 .
Abstracts
copolymer consists of chains ( M ~ 7 × 104) of polymethylmethacrylate (10~o b y weight) onto which are grafted shorter chains ( M ~ 2 × 103) of polystyrene (90~o b y weight). The graft copolymer has a positive optical anisotropy, despite the negative anisotropy of its main component polystyrene. This is explained b y the specific features of the graft structure. SYNTHESIS OF NEW CELLULOSE DERIVATIVES -- XXIH. SYNTHESIS OF CHLOROCELLULOSE AND ITS CONVERSION PRODUCTS. PREPARATION OF AMINO- AND NITROCELLULOSE
A . I . P o l y a k . 3 v a n d Z. A . R o g o v i n , V y s o k o m o ] . s o y e d . 5: N o . 1, 1 1 - 1 7 , 1963. NEW methods for the synthesis of chloro- a n d aminoccllulose have been developed. A new t y p e of cellulose derivatives, nitrilocellulose, was synthesized f o r the first time b y reaction between chlorocellulose and potassium cyanide. SYNTHESIS OF NEW CELLULOSE DERIVATIVES -- XXIV. SYNTHESIS OF A CELLULOSE -POLYACRYLONITRILE GRAFT COPOLYMER AND INVESTIGATION OF ITS PRO' PERTIES
S u n ' T u n , L i Z h u i a n d Z. A. R o g o v i n , V y s o k o m o l . s o y e d . 5: N o . 1, 1 8 - 2 3 , 1963. THE properties of a cellulosc-polyacrylonitrile graft copolymer with varying number of side chains and varying polymerization coefficient of polyacrylonitrile in the side chain have been investigated. I t has been shown t h a t the properties of the graft copolymer are affected not only b y the structure and a m o u n t of p o l y m e r being grafted on, but also b y the mean polymerization coefficient of polyacrylonitrile in the side chain. COPOLYMERS OF UNSATURATED DICARBOXYLIC ACID SALTS AND METHACRYLIC ACID
Y e . V. K u z n e t s o v a n d V. Y e . L o z h k i n , V y s o k o m o l . s o y e d . 5: N o . 1, 2 4 - 2 7 , 1963. THE synthesis has been described of copolymers of the calcium, magnesium a n d lead salts of maleie a n d fumaric acids with methacrylic acid. I t has been found t h a t the incorporation of these salts considerably shortens the induction period and increases the polymerization rate. The resultant polymers v a r y in composition, fractions of lower molecular weight conraining more of the salt residues. I t was also found t h a t cobalt and copper ammonium salts of maleic acid do not participate in the copolymerization process, but are inhibit0rs of the polymerization of methacrylic acid. The copper salt of maleic acid takes p a r t in the copolymerization but greatly hinders the latter. Fumaric salts more readily copolymerize t h a n the corresponding malcic acid salts. HETEROCHAIN COPOLYMERIZATION--I. COPOLYMERIZATION HYDR1N WITH ACETO AND BENZONITRILES
OF
EPICHLORO-
A . A . D u r g a r y a n a n d R . M. B e g i n y a n , V y s o k o m o ] . s o y e d . 5: N o . 1, 2 8 - 3 1 , 1963. AN INVESTIGATION has been started into the copolymerization of compounds with carbon a t o m multiple-bonded with a heteroatom, of compounds with strained rings, containing a heteroatom in the chain, a n d also of the copolymerization of these compounds with vinyl a n d diene monomers, with the objective of preparing heterochain polymers a n d of elucidating the regularities of these reactions. I t has been shown t h a t epichlorohydrin eopolymerizes with aceto a n d benzonitriles. The monomer reactivity ratios have been obtained for the pairs: epichlorohydrin (M1)--acetonitrile (Ms) rl = 4.2 =]=0.4, r I = 0 ± 0.02 a n d epichlorohydrinbenzonitrile (Ms) rl----2"8±0"2, r 2 ~ 0 ± 0 " 0 2 .