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Systematic Review of the Application of Item Response Theory to Ecological Momentary Assessment Data
Systematic/Meta-Analytic Review Posters meeting the inclusion criteria. Of the nine included articles, three were low quality and six were high quality. Two of the studies were cross sectional studies, three invested the effect of frailty on cognitive status over time, and four investigated the relationship between baseline cognition on frailty status over time. Regardless of the direction of the relationship, the studies showed cognition and frailty to be statistically, negatively correlated to each other. Conclusions: There is a statistically significant, negative correlation between cognition and disability. Further studies should investigate what factors diminish the strength of this relationship and thus find ways to reduce the development of disability over time. Key Words: Disability, Cognition, Aging Disclosures: None disclosed. Systematic & Meta-Analytic Review Poster 558 Systematic Review of the Application of Item Response Theory to Ecological Momentary Assessment Data Lauren Terhorst (University of Pittsburgh), Shannon B. Juengst, Kelly B. Beck Objectives: To investigate the application of item response theory (IRT) to data collected using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) methods. Rehabilitation researchers strive to collect accurate and objective data in real-life settings. EMA methods allow for real-time data collection over multiple occasions (hourly, daily, etc) (1). Patterns of activity over different times of day and days of the week may identify early indicators of disability. IRT modeling provides a way to examine activity patterns with EMA data by examining item-specific changes over time. Data Sources: A systematic search of PubMed, PsycINFO, Medline, and PsycArticles was performed. Additionally, reference sections of retrieved articles and peer-reviewed journals were searched. The search revealed 618 potential articles. Study Selection: The inclusion criterion was the application of IRT using EMA data. Articles that focused on methodological procedure and did not include an application were excluded. After reviewing the retrieved abstracts, 1 thesis (2), 1 book chapter (3) and two articles (4,5) were included in the data extraction phase. Data Extraction: Study characteristics such as author, year, research question, sample size, sample description, measures, IRT models, software, and relevant findings were extracted by two authors with a third as an adjudicator of any dispute. Data Synthesis: Extracted data were summarized in an evidence table. Findings revealed that all articles focused on adolescent smoking and applied different IRT models: polytomous, 2 parameter logistic, pattern mixture, and Rasch. Conclusions: We have discovered a gap in the literature for the application of IRT with EMA data, which may be particularly significant for rehabilitation research. We recommend that rehabilitation researchers apply IRT methods to identify items that are better able to characterize disability and to maximize the opportunities presented by EMA data. Key Words: Rehabilitation Research, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), Health Impact Assessment, Rehabilitation Disclosures: None disclosed. Systematic & Meta-Analytic Review Poster 581 Critical Review of Methods for Classifying Obesity In Spinal Cord Injury Stephanie Silveira (University of Houston Department of Health and Human Performance), Tracey A. Ledoux, Rachel Stough Objectives: Objective: Conduct a critical review of methods used to measure and classify obesity in individuals with spinal cord injuries (SCI). Reduced muscle mass and other SCI-related body composition variations raise questions about the validity of standard cutoffs.
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e145 Data Sources: Data Sources: PubMed, 1975-2015. Search terms (“obesity” or “weight status” and “spinal cord injury”) yielded 186 articles. Filters: adults, English, and human. Study Selection: Study Selection: Studies were retained that 1) included participants at least 18 years old with SCI; 2) took place in inpatient, outpatient, or community-based settings, and 3) measured obesity or weight status. Data Extraction: Data Extraction: Using independent extraction by three reviewers, we required two reviewers agree the article met inclusion criteria. Reasons for exclusion included no classification of obese status, no explanation of how obesity was defined, or review article. Data Synthesis: Data Synthesis: Of 41 publications extracted, 9 used multiple methods, 23 used World Health Organization body mass index (BMI) cutoff 30kg/m2, 8 used a BMI cutoff 25-29kg/m2, and 6 used a SCI-specific BMI cutoff 23kg/m2. Six studies used waist circumference cutoff (women>102cm, men>88cm). Four studies used percent body fat cutoffs 22%, three used Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) cutoffs, and one used Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). One study used Computerized Tomography scan (CT) visceral fat area 100cm2 and another used percentage of ideal body weight (IBW). We outline strengths and weaknesses of each method and summarize purpose of obesity classification in articles. Conclusions: Conclusions: BMI is the most widely used measure of obesity in the SCI population. Although some studies identified alternative cutoffs or other metrics, there is no standardized obesity classification in SCI. Research is needed to determine and validate obesity classification specific to SCI. Key Words: Spinal Cord Injuries, Obesity, Body Composition, Body Mass Index, Adipose Tissue Disclosures: None Disclosed. Systematic & Meta-Analytic Review Poster 585 The Experience Of Patients with ABI and Their Families During The Hospital Stay: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Literature Tolu Oyesanya (University of Wisconsin-Madison) Objectives: Patients with acquired brain injury (ABI) and their families have unique experiences and needs during the hospital stay; yet, limited literature exists on this topic. The purpose of this systematic review was to compile and synthesize qualitative literature on the experience of patients with ABI and their families during the hospital stay. Data Sources: A systematic review of qualitative studies was conducted by searching for studies from seven databases (CINAHL, PsycInfo, PubMed, SocIndex, Academic Search Premier, Family Studies Abstracts, and Family and Society Studies Worldwide). Study Selection: The initial search provided 2,871 records. Ultimately, eleven studies relevant to the research question were included in this review. No studies were excluded based on critical quality appraisal. The author used the QualSyst Tool for Qualitative Studies to assess the quality of each study in this review. The QualSyst tool contains an individual checklist detailing criteria specific to qualitative studies. Data Extraction: After deciding which studies met inclusion criteria, data extraction was performed. All studies were read and coded deductively for the stated: a) author(s); b) year of publication; c) country; d) study purpose; e) study design; f) sample strategy; g) sample characteristics; h) data collection techniques; i) data analysis techniques; j) findings for patients’ and families’ experience relevant to the review. The author entered all studies information into a table to allow for comparison across articles. Data Synthesis: Content analysis was used to analyze and synthesize studies’ findings separately for the patient and family experience. Findings on the patient experience showed patients had negative perceptions of the rehabilitation environment and a perceived need for information. Findings on the family experience included difficulty adjusting after the patient’s injury, desire to be involved in the patient’s
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e145 Data Sources: Data Sources: PubMed, 1975-2015. Search terms (“obesity” or “weight status” and “spinal cord injury”) yielded 186 articles. Filters: adults, English, and human. Study Selection: Study Selection: Studies were retained that 1) included participants at least 18 years old with SCI; 2) took place in inpatient, outpatient, or community-based settings, and 3) measured obesity or weight status. Data Extraction: Data Extraction: Using independent extraction by three reviewers, we required two reviewers agree the article met inclusion criteria. Reasons for exclusion included no classification of obese status, no explanation of how obesity was defined, or review article. Data Synthesis: Data Synthesis: Of 41 publications extracted, 9 used multiple methods, 23 used World Health Organization body mass index (BMI) cutoff 30kg/m2, 8 used a BMI cutoff 25-29kg/m2, and 6 used a SCI-specific BMI cutoff 23kg/m2. Six studies used waist circumference cutoff (women>102cm, men>88cm). Four studies used percent body fat cutoffs 22%, three used Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) cutoffs, and one used Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). One study used Computerized Tomography scan (CT) visceral fat area 100cm2 and another used percentage of ideal body weight (IBW). We outline strengths and weaknesses of each method and summarize purpose of obesity classification in articles. Conclusions: Conclusions: BMI is the most widely used measure of obesity in the SCI population. Although some studies identified alternative cutoffs or other metrics, there is no standardized obesity classification in SCI. Research is needed to determine and validate obesity classification specific to SCI. Key Words: Spinal Cord Injuries, Obesity, Body Composition, Body Mass Index, Adipose Tissue Disclosures: None Disclosed. Systematic & Meta-Analytic Review Poster 585 The Experience Of Patients with ABI and Their Families During The Hospital Stay: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Literature Tolu Oyesanya (University of Wisconsin-Madison) Objectives: Patients with acquired brain injury (ABI) and their families have unique experiences and needs during the hospital stay; yet, limited literature exists on this topic. The purpose of this systematic review was to compile and synthesize qualitative literature on the experience of patients with ABI and their families during the hospital stay. Data Sources: A systematic review of qualitative studies was conducted by searching for studies from seven databases (CINAHL, PsycInfo, PubMed, SocIndex, Academic Search Premier, Family Studies Abstracts, and Family and Society Studies Worldwide). Study Selection: The initial search provided 2,871 records. Ultimately, eleven studies relevant to the research question were included in this review. No studies were excluded based on critical quality appraisal. The author used the QualSyst Tool for Qualitative Studies to assess the quality of each study in this review. The QualSyst tool contains an individual checklist detailing criteria specific to qualitative studies. Data Extraction: After deciding which studies met inclusion criteria, data extraction was performed. All studies were read and coded deductively for the stated: a) author(s); b) year of publication; c) country; d) study purpose; e) study design; f) sample strategy; g) sample characteristics; h) data collection techniques; i) data analysis techniques; j) findings for patients’ and families’ experience relevant to the review. The author entered all studies information into a table to allow for comparison across articles. Data Synthesis: Content analysis was used to analyze and synthesize studies’ findings separately for the patient and family experience. Findings on the patient experience showed patients had negative perceptions of the rehabilitation environment and a perceived need for information. Findings on the family experience included difficulty adjusting after the patient’s injury, desire to be involved in the patient’s