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Testing and modelling of joints and interfaces under static and cyclic loading
45A concepts of liquefaction, steady state strength, and flow ,slide stability analysis, and on the data obtained during previous analyses, is consistent with the principal features of the observed slide. The estimated in situ undrained steady state strength is substantially lower than the undrained strength measured in conventional laboratory tests, due to the sample densification that normally occurs during sampling, handling, setup, and consolidation of loose sandy soils. An analysis of the limited available data indicates that it is consistent with the fact that the static shear stress applied by the dam to the soil that liquefied exceeded its steady state undrained shear strength, thus allowing it to flow after a loss of strength was triggered by the earthquake. 862049 Measurements of wave-induced pore pressure in submarine sediments under various marine conditions
Okusa, S Marine Geotechnol V6, N2. 1985. P119-144 Pore pressure changes may affect the stability of marine soils. The effects of wave action and soil type on pore pressure have been measured at four sites in Shimizu Harbour, Japan. Damping and time lag of wave pressure transference was investigated and found to be greater than that predicted by the current theory for saturated sediments. The transformer piezometers and a new semiconductor probe used to monitor pressures are described. 862050 Soil responseto ocean waves
Kraft, L M; Helfrich, S C; Suhayda, J N; Marin, J E Marine Geotechnoi V6, N2, 1985, Pl73-203 An understanding of wave-seabed interaction is important for cost-effective design of offshore structures. A parametric study is presented of the effects of wave degeneration, wave height, wave period, water depth and soil properties on soil movements and phase shifts for conditions typical of the Mississippi Delta. The effects of soil degradation on cyclic loading are also presented. These results should help establish reasonable bounds for a preliminary design criterion for offshore construction. 86205 1 Cerchar method of pressiometric testing
Arcamone, J; Tritsch, J J Min Sci Technol V2. N3, June 1985. P229-233 The pressiometer and its application for investigating rock deformation modulus as related to in situ elasticity, and the general condition of rocks in relation to their state of fracture in Coal Measures strata affected by mining operations, are described. 862052
established for slip on fractures on which the state of stress is mac&copicaliy uniform may also be applicable to fractures on which the stress state is macroscopically heterogeneous. 862053 Completely weathered granite - soil or rock?
Howat, M D Q J Engng Geol V18, N3, 198.5, Pl99-206 The construction of a mass transit railway in Hong Kong and Kowloon has allowed the properties of completely weathered granite to be studied, both in engineering site investigation boreholes and through in situ stress measurements using earth pressure cells in the walls of excavations up to 30m deep. The shear strength profiles of the material are compared with existing models of soil and rock behaviour, and conclusions are made on problems such as the existence of true cohesion, the effect of laboratory saturation, and the influence of relic joints. 862054 Tensile properties of chemically grouted sand Vipulanandan, C; Krizek, R J Tram Res Ret NfOO8, 1985, P80-89 Laboratory tests were used to evaluate the variations in mechanical properties of grout and grouted Ottawa 20-30 sand with curing time. The contributions of grout. sand and the interface bond to the overall behaviour were examined. Using this data, together with porosity data for the sand, two strength models were formulated for predicting the tensile behaviour of the two phase composite from a knowledge of the properties of the constituents. Comparison is made between the compressive and tensile properties of grouted sand and failure criteria are discussed with a view to explaining the nonlinear behaviour in compression near peak strength for pure grout or grouted sands cured for more than two weeks. 862055 Stress-strain and strength characteristics of undisturbed granitic soil
Ruenkrairergsa, T; Watcharanon, W Proc 1st International Conference on Geomechanics in Tropical Lateritic and Saprolitic Soils, Brasilia, 11-14 February 1985 VI, P417-427. Pub1 Sao Paulo: Brazilian Society for Soil Mechanics. 1985
Block sampling and direct shear testing, using the method recommended by the ISRM, have been used to examine samples of granitic soil taken from cut slopes on some national highways in Thailand. Friction angles in the upper layers of the soil profile are significantly lower than those from deeper layers, and it is recommended that design modifications for cut slopes in such soils should take this factor into account.
Instability on a weakening fault
Shi, X J; Wang, C Y Pure Appl Geophys V122, N2/4, 198415, P478-491 Weakening of a prestressed sawcut in Westerly granite under laboratory conditions is accomplished by injecting pressurized fluid into the sawcut. After injection a sequence of stick-slips is observed, while the deviatoric stress decreases successively with each stick-slip. From experimental observations, a model of fault instability due to inhomogeneous and progressive weakening of the fault was developed. By comparing the experimental data with model predictions, it is shown that the critical condition for slip instability is when the average shear stress over the ‘locked’ region becomes equal to the value given by the friction criterion. Hence, the friction criterion 0
I362056 Testing mnd modellmg of joints and interfaces under static and cyclic loading
Desai, C S; Drumm, E C; Fishman, K in: Rock Mechamcs in Procivctivity and Protection (Proceedings of fhe Twenty-FtjIh Symposium on Rock Mechanics, Evanston, Illinois, 25-27 June 1984) P806-815. Publ New York: AWE, I984 Laboratory apparatus is described which allows the testing of joints and interfaces under translational, torsional and rocking modes and under static or cyclic testing. Also described are proposed models for joints and interfaces which include the various deformation modes.
1986 Pergamon Press Ltd. Reproduction
not permitted
Okusa, S Marine Geotechnol V6, N2. 1985. P119-144 Pore pressure changes may affect the stability of marine soils. The effects of wave action and soil type on pore pressure have been measured at four sites in Shimizu Harbour, Japan. Damping and time lag of wave pressure transference was investigated and found to be greater than that predicted by the current theory for saturated sediments. The transformer piezometers and a new semiconductor probe used to monitor pressures are described. 862050 Soil responseto ocean waves
Kraft, L M; Helfrich, S C; Suhayda, J N; Marin, J E Marine Geotechnoi V6, N2, 1985, Pl73-203 An understanding of wave-seabed interaction is important for cost-effective design of offshore structures. A parametric study is presented of the effects of wave degeneration, wave height, wave period, water depth and soil properties on soil movements and phase shifts for conditions typical of the Mississippi Delta. The effects of soil degradation on cyclic loading are also presented. These results should help establish reasonable bounds for a preliminary design criterion for offshore construction. 86205 1 Cerchar method of pressiometric testing
Arcamone, J; Tritsch, J J Min Sci Technol V2. N3, June 1985. P229-233 The pressiometer and its application for investigating rock deformation modulus as related to in situ elasticity, and the general condition of rocks in relation to their state of fracture in Coal Measures strata affected by mining operations, are described. 862052
established for slip on fractures on which the state of stress is mac&copicaliy uniform may also be applicable to fractures on which the stress state is macroscopically heterogeneous. 862053 Completely weathered granite - soil or rock?
Howat, M D Q J Engng Geol V18, N3, 198.5, Pl99-206 The construction of a mass transit railway in Hong Kong and Kowloon has allowed the properties of completely weathered granite to be studied, both in engineering site investigation boreholes and through in situ stress measurements using earth pressure cells in the walls of excavations up to 30m deep. The shear strength profiles of the material are compared with existing models of soil and rock behaviour, and conclusions are made on problems such as the existence of true cohesion, the effect of laboratory saturation, and the influence of relic joints. 862054 Tensile properties of chemically grouted sand Vipulanandan, C; Krizek, R J Tram Res Ret NfOO8, 1985, P80-89 Laboratory tests were used to evaluate the variations in mechanical properties of grout and grouted Ottawa 20-30 sand with curing time. The contributions of grout. sand and the interface bond to the overall behaviour were examined. Using this data, together with porosity data for the sand, two strength models were formulated for predicting the tensile behaviour of the two phase composite from a knowledge of the properties of the constituents. Comparison is made between the compressive and tensile properties of grouted sand and failure criteria are discussed with a view to explaining the nonlinear behaviour in compression near peak strength for pure grout or grouted sands cured for more than two weeks. 862055 Stress-strain and strength characteristics of undisturbed granitic soil
Ruenkrairergsa, T; Watcharanon, W Proc 1st International Conference on Geomechanics in Tropical Lateritic and Saprolitic Soils, Brasilia, 11-14 February 1985 VI, P417-427. Pub1 Sao Paulo: Brazilian Society for Soil Mechanics. 1985
Block sampling and direct shear testing, using the method recommended by the ISRM, have been used to examine samples of granitic soil taken from cut slopes on some national highways in Thailand. Friction angles in the upper layers of the soil profile are significantly lower than those from deeper layers, and it is recommended that design modifications for cut slopes in such soils should take this factor into account.
Instability on a weakening fault
Shi, X J; Wang, C Y Pure Appl Geophys V122, N2/4, 198415, P478-491 Weakening of a prestressed sawcut in Westerly granite under laboratory conditions is accomplished by injecting pressurized fluid into the sawcut. After injection a sequence of stick-slips is observed, while the deviatoric stress decreases successively with each stick-slip. From experimental observations, a model of fault instability due to inhomogeneous and progressive weakening of the fault was developed. By comparing the experimental data with model predictions, it is shown that the critical condition for slip instability is when the average shear stress over the ‘locked’ region becomes equal to the value given by the friction criterion. Hence, the friction criterion 0
I362056 Testing mnd modellmg of joints and interfaces under static and cyclic loading
Desai, C S; Drumm, E C; Fishman, K in: Rock Mechamcs in Procivctivity and Protection (Proceedings of fhe Twenty-FtjIh Symposium on Rock Mechanics, Evanston, Illinois, 25-27 June 1984) P806-815. Publ New York: AWE, I984 Laboratory apparatus is described which allows the testing of joints and interfaces under translational, torsional and rocking modes and under static or cyclic testing. Also described are proposed models for joints and interfaces which include the various deformation modes.
1986 Pergamon Press Ltd. Reproduction
not permitted