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Testing for fires in piles of stored coal
698
HENRY J. M. CREIGHTON AND D. HERBERT WAY.
[J. F. I.
A~ (Water), Methyl alcohol, Ethyl alcohol, Formic acid, Acetic acid,
116] Ioo ~Alcohols. 48J 29~}
Acids.
O f the various substituting groups, the influence of the aldehyde g r o u p on the m a g n i t u d e of A oo is greatest, .1 while that of the carboxyl group is least: /0 in CH,.C
>
~.H A ~ 5 =188
>
CHa. NO2
>
'15
>
CH3.OH Ioo
> >
CH,. CO2H 25
*~Walden has shown that the influence of the cyanogen group on the magnitude ot A~ is even more marked than that of the aldehyde group. DEPARTMENTOF CHEMISTRY, SWARTHMORECOLLEGE,
September 16, 1918. Testing for Fires in Piles of Stored Coal. H. H. STOEK. (Western Society of Engineers through Electrical World, vol. 72, No. 4, P. 162, July 27, I 9 1 8 . ) - - A c c o r d i n g to Professor P a r r of the University of Illinois, bituminous coal can be stored without appreciable loss of heat value, provided that the temperature is not allowed to rise above 18o ° Fahr. H o w close to this temperature a pile should be allowed to heat is largely a matter of judgment, for if the rise appears to be decreasing rapidly, it may be safe to allow it to approach 18o ° Fahr., wherea~ if the rise is steady and regular it is wise to load out the pile before the danger point is reached. The time also depends upon the means available for loading out the coal. In a plant equipped with large grab buckets and means for rapidly handling the coal, a higher temperature can be permitted than where a considerable time may be required to load out the coal. A person in charge of a certain kind of coal under certain climatic conditions will learn where the danger point is, and it is impossible to set any critical temperature that will apply to all coals under varying storage conditions. The only safe rule is to watch the pile closely and get ready to load out the coal when the temperature reaches I5O ° Fahr. and to move the coal if the temperature reaches 175 ° Fahr. Common methods for testing coal piles for heat are as follows: Watching when the pile begins to steam; observing the odor, which is that of either burning bituminous matter or burning sulphur; inserting an iron rod into the pile and when drawn out testing it with the hand; inserting a thermometer into a pipe driven in the pile ; observing spots of melted snow on the pile.
HENRY J. M. CREIGHTON AND D. HERBERT WAY.
[J. F. I.
A~ (Water), Methyl alcohol, Ethyl alcohol, Formic acid, Acetic acid,
116] Ioo ~Alcohols. 48J 29~}
Acids.
O f the various substituting groups, the influence of the aldehyde g r o u p on the m a g n i t u d e of A oo is greatest, .1 while that of the carboxyl group is least: /0 in CH,.C
>
~.H A ~ 5 =188
>
CHa. NO2
>
'15
>
CH3.OH Ioo
> >
CH,. CO2H 25
*~Walden has shown that the influence of the cyanogen group on the magnitude ot A~ is even more marked than that of the aldehyde group. DEPARTMENTOF CHEMISTRY, SWARTHMORECOLLEGE,
September 16, 1918. Testing for Fires in Piles of Stored Coal. H. H. STOEK. (Western Society of Engineers through Electrical World, vol. 72, No. 4, P. 162, July 27, I 9 1 8 . ) - - A c c o r d i n g to Professor P a r r of the University of Illinois, bituminous coal can be stored without appreciable loss of heat value, provided that the temperature is not allowed to rise above 18o ° Fahr. H o w close to this temperature a pile should be allowed to heat is largely a matter of judgment, for if the rise appears to be decreasing rapidly, it may be safe to allow it to approach 18o ° Fahr., wherea~ if the rise is steady and regular it is wise to load out the pile before the danger point is reached. The time also depends upon the means available for loading out the coal. In a plant equipped with large grab buckets and means for rapidly handling the coal, a higher temperature can be permitted than where a considerable time may be required to load out the coal. A person in charge of a certain kind of coal under certain climatic conditions will learn where the danger point is, and it is impossible to set any critical temperature that will apply to all coals under varying storage conditions. The only safe rule is to watch the pile closely and get ready to load out the coal when the temperature reaches I5O ° Fahr. and to move the coal if the temperature reaches 175 ° Fahr. Common methods for testing coal piles for heat are as follows: Watching when the pile begins to steam; observing the odor, which is that of either burning bituminous matter or burning sulphur; inserting an iron rod into the pile and when drawn out testing it with the hand; inserting a thermometer into a pipe driven in the pile ; observing spots of melted snow on the pile.