- Email: [email protected]
TGF beta and different diets: The key to the cardiovascular health?
e246
Abstracts / Atherosclerosis 235 (2014) e192–e301
uptake or performed no exercise. Multiple blood samples were taken during and after OFTT for separation of chylomicron (Sf 400) and VLDL1 (Sf 60-400) and VLDL2 (Sf 20-60) Lipoprotein fractions (at concentration 0.6 mmol.l-1) were incubated with LPL in Tris-HCl buffer for intervals from 530 min and the release of NEFA was measured. The rate of NEFA release was used to assess affinity of the lipoproteins for hydrolysis by LPL. Results: The concentration of TG in VLDL1 were significantly reduced after exercise by 40% in fasted state and by 36% in postprandial state; Chylomicron-TG was reduced by 33% (all P¼0.01). The affinity of VLDL1 particles for LPL increased significantly post-exercise in both fasted (NEFA release: Control 133 mmol.l-1.min-1, Exercise 255 mmol.l-1.min-1 p¼0.01) and postprandial (Control 82 mmol.l-1.min-1, Exercise 204 mmol.l-1.min-1 p¼0.0005) states. Conclusion: The affinity of VLDL1 particles for LPL appears to increase after exercise, in line with the study hypothesis. The affinity of VLDL1 for LPL also appeared to decrease in the postprandial compared with fasted state. This is worthy of further investigation.
Methods: We allocated 42 overweight and obese sedentary individuals to an exercise intervention program, consisting of hiking downwards a predefined route in the Austrian Alps over two months. For the opposite way, a cable car was used where compliance was recorded electronically. The difference in altitude was 540 metres; the distance was covered three to five times a week. A matched group of 12 individuals served as a control group. Metabolic profiles were obtained at baseline and after the two months period. Results: Compared to baseline, 8 weeks of eccentric endurance exercise significantly lowered serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT; 3623 vs. 3118 U/l; p Conclusion: We conclude that eccentric exercise is a promising new exercise modality which significantly lowers liver enzymes in overweight and obese individuals and therefore is of interest as a therapeutic intervention in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients.
64 - Intervention into physical activity
EAS-0567. VOLUNTARY EXERCISE SLOWS THE PROGRESSION OF ESTABLISHED ANGIOTENSIN II-DEPENDENT ADVANCED ATHEROSCLEROTIC LESIONS
EAS-0551. METABOLIC BENEFITS OF ECCENTRIC ENDURANCE EXERCISE IN OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE INDIVIDUALS P. Reina, C.H. Saelya, A. Vonbanka, S. Geller-Rhombergb, A. Leihererb, H. Drexelb a
Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Department of Internal Medicine & Cardiology, Feldkirch, Austria; b Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Vivit-Institute, Feldkirch, Austria Objectives: Eccentric endurance exercise (e.g. hiking downwards) is less strenuous than concentric exercise (e.g. hiking upwards) but data on its potential to reduce cardiovascular risk are scarce. Methods: We allocated 68 overweight and obese sedentary individuals to an exercise intervention program, consisting of hiking downwards the same route over two months. For the opposite way, a cable car was used where compliance was recorded electronically. The difference in altitude was 540 meters; the distance was covered three to five times a week. A matched group of 12 individuals served as a control group. Fasting and postprandial metabolic profiles were obtained at baseline and after the two months period. Results: Compared with baseline, eccentric endurance exercise significantly lowered fasting glucose (9917 vs. 9613 mg/dl; p¼0.036) as well as glucose tolerance following the oral intake of 75g glucose (25049 vs. 22854 mg*dl-1 h; p-1 h; p 2; p¼0.004) but not in the control group (p¼0.237). Conclusion: Eccentric endurance exercise is a promising new exercise modality with favorable effects on both fasting and postchallenge metabolism. 64 - Intervention into physical activity EAS-0552. SIGNIFICANT IMPACT OF ECCENTRIC ENDURANCE EXERCISE ON LIVER ENZYMES IN OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE INDIVIDUALS P. Reina, A. Vonbanka, C.H. Saelya, A. Leihererb, H. Drexelb a Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Department of Internal Medicine & Cardiology, Feldkirch, Austria; b Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Vivit-Institute, Feldkirch, Austria
Objectives: Elevated liver enzymes are highly prevalent in overweight and obese patients, reflect the presence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and are associated with an increased risk of diabetes and cardiovascular events. Liver enzymes can be lowered by physical exercise, but many overweight patients are not willing or not able to engage in strenuous exercise regimens. Eccentric endurance exercise (e.g. hiking downwards) is less strenuous than concentric exercise (e.g. hiking upwards) but its effects on liver enzymes are unknown.
64 - Intervention into physical activity
M. Pellegrin, J.F. Auber, K. Bouzourene, C. Amstutz, L. Mazzolai Division of Angiology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland Objectives: We have previously demonstrated that exercise training prevents the development of Angiotensin (Ang) II-induced atherosclerosis and vulnerable plaques in ApoE-/- mice. In the present study, we investigated whether exercise attenuates the progression of established Ang IIdependent atherosclerosis. Methods: ApoE-/- mice were subjected to left renal artery clipping (2kidney, 1-clip [2K1C] renovascular hypertension model) for 4 weeks to induce the formation of Ang II-mediated advanced and vulnerable lesions. Subsequently, 2K1C mice were randomized into either a sedentary control group (SED) or an exercise group (voluntary wheel running, EX) for 4 more weeks. Hemodynamic parameters, lesions size, plaque composition, and gene expression of adhesion molecules (VCAM-1, ICAM-1), cytokines (IL-18, IL-1b, TNF-a, IL-10, IL-4), markers of Th1/Th2 balance (T-bet/Gata3), and markers of M1/M2 macrophage balance (CD11c/CD206) in aortic and/or spleen tissues were determined at the end of the study. Results: Average daily distance covered by EX mice was 7.10.4 km. Mean blood pressure and plasma renin activity did not significantly differ between the 2 groups. Aortic plaque size was significantly reduced by 66% in EX as compared to SED (0.630.15% vs 1.880.27%, P<0.01). EX significantly reduced by 45% macrophage plaque content (13.41.9% vs 24.24.2% in SED, P<0.05). Neither a-smooth muscle actin plaque content, nor lipid core size was affected by EX. EX significantly downregulated aortic mRNA expression of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 (P<0.05). Spleen mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL18 and IL-1b significantly decreased whereas expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4 significantly increased with EX (P<0.05). Expression markers of Th1/Th2 and M1/M2 balances was not modulated by EX. Conclusion: Voluntary exercise is effective in slowing the progression of established Ang II-dependent advanced lesions. Underlying molecular mechanisms include decreased expression of vascular pro-atherogenic adhesion molecules as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines at the systemic level. 64 - Intervention into physical activity EAS-0981. TGF BETA AND DIFFERENT DIETS: THE KEY TO THE CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH? B. Ruiza, R. Torob, M. Quezada-Feijood, C. Rodriguez-Lealc, I. Tinococ, V. Aragonc, M. Monsalvoc, A. Mangasb a Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Puerta Del Mar Cadiz, El Puerto De Santa Maria, Spain; b Medicine, Medicine Faculty, Cadiz, Spain; c Internal
Abstracts / Atherosclerosis 235 (2014) e192–e301
Medicine, Hospital Universitario Puerta Del Mar Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain; d Hospital Carlos III , Madrid, Spain Objectives: However, it remains unclear whether different diets such as Mediterranean or hyperproteic diets, promote in athletes such benefits on body mass and composition beyond energy balance influence. Whether body composition is related to diet induced thermogenesis DIT is unclear. The purpose of the present study was to examine body differences in a population of athletes undergoing a long-term diet intervention programme, and correlate such differences with protein patterns. Methods: Forty-four semiproffesional rugby players have been randomized to either a mediterranean (MD) or hyperprotein diet (PD). Antropometric measurements and blood samples has been collected at the beggining and at 6 months. Plasma protein profiles were analysed. Results: When both diets were compared, the increase in total body mass was slightly higher in individuals following a PD (2,01%1,48). Those who followed MD increased their muscular mass. Two groups were redefined showing a direct correlation between body muscle and total body weight increasing (G1), and a second one (G2), including individuals that increased muscle mass but lost body weight (G2). GDF3 and/or BMP2 were found in higher levels in the plasma of G1, while GDF7, NODAL and INHBB were detected in higher levels in the plasma of G2. Conclusion: A correlation between differential protein profiles and body compartments has been found. The potential identification in plasma of high levels of several components of the TGF-b family in a population mainly following a MD loosing TBW with increasing in MM, suggest the influence of these factors in all this process. 64 - Intervention into physical activity EAS-0961. THE INFLUENCE OF EXCERCISE AND DIET ON GASTROINTESTINAL PEPTIDES CIRCULATING LEVELS: APPETITTE AND ENERGY HOMEOSTASIS V. Aragona, R. Torob, M. Quezada-Feijooc, C. Rodriguez-Leala, I. Tinocoa, M. Garcia del rioa, A. Mangasb a Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Puerta Del Mar Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain; b Medicine, Medicine Faculty, Cadiz, Spain; c Hospital Carlos III , Madrid, Spain
Objectives: In sports practice, personalised programs aim to modulate by diet intervention and specific training the connection between energy homeostasis, exercise and weight management seeking to achieve optimal performance. In this regard, several gastrointestinal peptides and adipokines correlated with energy homeostasis and food behaviour have arisen as potential connecting factors. Herein, we evaluate the long term effect of two diets and intensive exercise, focusing on the variations of GLP1, GIP, leptin, ghrelin, resistin, insulin and glucagon. Methods: 44 rugby players followed either a standard Mediterranean diet (MD) or a modified one with increased percentage of proteins at the expense of carbohydrates (PD), for 6 months with intense training. Surface Enhanced Laser Dissociation Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (SELDI-MS) was employed for initial screening of plasma protein changes and further immunoaffinity analyses of the above mentioned peptides were performed. Results: SELDI-MS highlighted alterations of ghrelin, glucagon, GLP1 and resistin after the 6 months intervention program. Immunoaffinity analysis indicated that PD promoted a significant decrease of GLP1 (p:0.03) and GIP (p:0.01). Leptin levels decreased with both diets (p:NS), whereas resistin increased with the MD (p:NS). In addition, GLP1 decreased in athletes following the PD whose body weight (p:0.03) and muscle percentage (p:0.002) increased. Ghrelin also decreased in individuals that gained muscle, regardless of diet (p:0.03). No significant changes were seen for insulin and glucagon in this study. Conclusion: In conclusion, the PD described appears to be more favourable for athletic performance, mainly by keeping lower GLP-1 levels in sportsmen and otentially decreasing the risk of hypoglycemia
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64 - Intervention into physical activity EAS-0360. RESTING HEART RATE PLAYS A MAJOR ROLE IN CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS: AN USEFUL PREDICTOR OF ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY RISK S. Tello-Blascoa, C. Fernándeza, A. Miguelb, R. Fabregatea, M. Fabregatea, C. Gómezb, D. Barrioa, J. Sabán-Ruiza a b
Endothelial Pathology Unit, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain; Vascular Surgery Department, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
Objectives: Above-average cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), as reflected by VO2max (maximal oxygen uptake during incremental exercise), has been consistently associated with decreased mortality. Recent studies suggest that CRF could be a useful predictor of all-cause mortality risk in primarycare. Our study aims to evaluate the main determinant factors of VO2max. Methods: n¼60 (32 males), age: 40.0 (10.5) y.o (range: 20 to 70). 28% hypertensives, 24% hyperglycemics, 18% smokers, 14% with Metabolic Syndrome. Those with heart disease, taking beta-blockers or blood pressure >160/90 mmHg were excluded. Rating of Perceived Exertion: Borg CR10 scale. Standard clinical treadmill: h/p/Cosmos LE200CE. VO2max (ml/kg/min) estimated according to submaximal modified Balke test. Statistics: Continuous variables described as mean (Standard deviation). Multivariate linear regression, significance p Results: VO2max was inversely correlated to resting heart rate (B¼-0.426, p¼0.001), systolic blood pressure (B¼-0.311, p¼0.044), diastolic blood pressure (B¼-0.344, p¼0.018), after adjusting for age and sex. A higher heart rate reserve (HRmax – resting HR) was associated to a higher VO2max (B¼0.501, p<0.001) Patients with a better CRF showed lower values of LDL-C (B¼-0.264; p¼0.071) and triglycerides (B¼-0.262, p¼0.082) independently of age and sex. Body fat mass (%) was inversely correlated to VO2max (B¼-0.245, p¼0.092). No significant association was found between CRF and waist circumference, weight, BMI, HDL-C, GLUC and A1c. Conclusion: Resting heart rate is a good and simple-to-measure predictor of CRF, independently of age and sex. Heart rate reserve is an age-adjusted parameter derived from resting heart rate strongly related to VO2max. 2Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure are closely associated with CRF. Besides, the lipid profile (LDL-C and triglycerides) and body composition (% of fat mass) seems to be associated with CRF. Resting heart rate could play a role in CRF assessment when VO2max can not be measured. 64 - Intervention into physical activity EAS-0361. EFFECT OF VOLUNTARY RUNNING ON FATTY ACID COMPOSITION IN MEMBRANE PHOSPHOLIPIDS AND AMOUNT OF LIPOTOXIC INTERMEDIATES IN HEREDITARY HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIC RATS V. Skopa, H. Malínskáa, J. Trnovskáa, M. Huttla, A. Blachnio-Zabielskab, M. Baranowskib, L. Kazdováa a Center for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague 4, Czech Republic; b Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
Objectives: Lipid deposition in the extraadipose tissue, mostly in the liver and muscle is one of the most serious factor associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome (MS). More important than total amount of tissue lipids is their composition, mostly the properties of fatty acids and quantity of lipotoxic intermediates (ceramides and diacylglyceroles). The positive role of physical activity on the obesity-related disorders is well documented but its effect on membrane fatty acid composition and concentration of lipotoxic intermediates is unclear. In this study we analyzed the effect of voluntary running on lipid metabolism in hereditary
Abstracts / Atherosclerosis 235 (2014) e192–e301
uptake or performed no exercise. Multiple blood samples were taken during and after OFTT for separation of chylomicron (Sf 400) and VLDL1 (Sf 60-400) and VLDL2 (Sf 20-60) Lipoprotein fractions (at concentration 0.6 mmol.l-1) were incubated with LPL in Tris-HCl buffer for intervals from 530 min and the release of NEFA was measured. The rate of NEFA release was used to assess affinity of the lipoproteins for hydrolysis by LPL. Results: The concentration of TG in VLDL1 were significantly reduced after exercise by 40% in fasted state and by 36% in postprandial state; Chylomicron-TG was reduced by 33% (all P¼0.01). The affinity of VLDL1 particles for LPL increased significantly post-exercise in both fasted (NEFA release: Control 133 mmol.l-1.min-1, Exercise 255 mmol.l-1.min-1 p¼0.01) and postprandial (Control 82 mmol.l-1.min-1, Exercise 204 mmol.l-1.min-1 p¼0.0005) states. Conclusion: The affinity of VLDL1 particles for LPL appears to increase after exercise, in line with the study hypothesis. The affinity of VLDL1 for LPL also appeared to decrease in the postprandial compared with fasted state. This is worthy of further investigation.
Methods: We allocated 42 overweight and obese sedentary individuals to an exercise intervention program, consisting of hiking downwards a predefined route in the Austrian Alps over two months. For the opposite way, a cable car was used where compliance was recorded electronically. The difference in altitude was 540 metres; the distance was covered three to five times a week. A matched group of 12 individuals served as a control group. Metabolic profiles were obtained at baseline and after the two months period. Results: Compared to baseline, 8 weeks of eccentric endurance exercise significantly lowered serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT; 3623 vs. 3118 U/l; p Conclusion: We conclude that eccentric exercise is a promising new exercise modality which significantly lowers liver enzymes in overweight and obese individuals and therefore is of interest as a therapeutic intervention in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients.
64 - Intervention into physical activity
EAS-0567. VOLUNTARY EXERCISE SLOWS THE PROGRESSION OF ESTABLISHED ANGIOTENSIN II-DEPENDENT ADVANCED ATHEROSCLEROTIC LESIONS
EAS-0551. METABOLIC BENEFITS OF ECCENTRIC ENDURANCE EXERCISE IN OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE INDIVIDUALS P. Reina, C.H. Saelya, A. Vonbanka, S. Geller-Rhombergb, A. Leihererb, H. Drexelb a
Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Department of Internal Medicine & Cardiology, Feldkirch, Austria; b Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Vivit-Institute, Feldkirch, Austria Objectives: Eccentric endurance exercise (e.g. hiking downwards) is less strenuous than concentric exercise (e.g. hiking upwards) but data on its potential to reduce cardiovascular risk are scarce. Methods: We allocated 68 overweight and obese sedentary individuals to an exercise intervention program, consisting of hiking downwards the same route over two months. For the opposite way, a cable car was used where compliance was recorded electronically. The difference in altitude was 540 meters; the distance was covered three to five times a week. A matched group of 12 individuals served as a control group. Fasting and postprandial metabolic profiles were obtained at baseline and after the two months period. Results: Compared with baseline, eccentric endurance exercise significantly lowered fasting glucose (9917 vs. 9613 mg/dl; p¼0.036) as well as glucose tolerance following the oral intake of 75g glucose (25049 vs. 22854 mg*dl-1 h; p-1 h; p 2; p¼0.004) but not in the control group (p¼0.237). Conclusion: Eccentric endurance exercise is a promising new exercise modality with favorable effects on both fasting and postchallenge metabolism. 64 - Intervention into physical activity EAS-0552. SIGNIFICANT IMPACT OF ECCENTRIC ENDURANCE EXERCISE ON LIVER ENZYMES IN OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE INDIVIDUALS P. Reina, A. Vonbanka, C.H. Saelya, A. Leihererb, H. Drexelb a Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Department of Internal Medicine & Cardiology, Feldkirch, Austria; b Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Vivit-Institute, Feldkirch, Austria
Objectives: Elevated liver enzymes are highly prevalent in overweight and obese patients, reflect the presence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and are associated with an increased risk of diabetes and cardiovascular events. Liver enzymes can be lowered by physical exercise, but many overweight patients are not willing or not able to engage in strenuous exercise regimens. Eccentric endurance exercise (e.g. hiking downwards) is less strenuous than concentric exercise (e.g. hiking upwards) but its effects on liver enzymes are unknown.
64 - Intervention into physical activity
M. Pellegrin, J.F. Auber, K. Bouzourene, C. Amstutz, L. Mazzolai Division of Angiology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland Objectives: We have previously demonstrated that exercise training prevents the development of Angiotensin (Ang) II-induced atherosclerosis and vulnerable plaques in ApoE-/- mice. In the present study, we investigated whether exercise attenuates the progression of established Ang IIdependent atherosclerosis. Methods: ApoE-/- mice were subjected to left renal artery clipping (2kidney, 1-clip [2K1C] renovascular hypertension model) for 4 weeks to induce the formation of Ang II-mediated advanced and vulnerable lesions. Subsequently, 2K1C mice were randomized into either a sedentary control group (SED) or an exercise group (voluntary wheel running, EX) for 4 more weeks. Hemodynamic parameters, lesions size, plaque composition, and gene expression of adhesion molecules (VCAM-1, ICAM-1), cytokines (IL-18, IL-1b, TNF-a, IL-10, IL-4), markers of Th1/Th2 balance (T-bet/Gata3), and markers of M1/M2 macrophage balance (CD11c/CD206) in aortic and/or spleen tissues were determined at the end of the study. Results: Average daily distance covered by EX mice was 7.10.4 km. Mean blood pressure and plasma renin activity did not significantly differ between the 2 groups. Aortic plaque size was significantly reduced by 66% in EX as compared to SED (0.630.15% vs 1.880.27%, P<0.01). EX significantly reduced by 45% macrophage plaque content (13.41.9% vs 24.24.2% in SED, P<0.05). Neither a-smooth muscle actin plaque content, nor lipid core size was affected by EX. EX significantly downregulated aortic mRNA expression of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 (P<0.05). Spleen mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL18 and IL-1b significantly decreased whereas expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4 significantly increased with EX (P<0.05). Expression markers of Th1/Th2 and M1/M2 balances was not modulated by EX. Conclusion: Voluntary exercise is effective in slowing the progression of established Ang II-dependent advanced lesions. Underlying molecular mechanisms include decreased expression of vascular pro-atherogenic adhesion molecules as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines at the systemic level. 64 - Intervention into physical activity EAS-0981. TGF BETA AND DIFFERENT DIETS: THE KEY TO THE CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH? B. Ruiza, R. Torob, M. Quezada-Feijood, C. Rodriguez-Lealc, I. Tinococ, V. Aragonc, M. Monsalvoc, A. Mangasb a Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Puerta Del Mar Cadiz, El Puerto De Santa Maria, Spain; b Medicine, Medicine Faculty, Cadiz, Spain; c Internal
Abstracts / Atherosclerosis 235 (2014) e192–e301
Medicine, Hospital Universitario Puerta Del Mar Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain; d Hospital Carlos III , Madrid, Spain Objectives: However, it remains unclear whether different diets such as Mediterranean or hyperproteic diets, promote in athletes such benefits on body mass and composition beyond energy balance influence. Whether body composition is related to diet induced thermogenesis DIT is unclear. The purpose of the present study was to examine body differences in a population of athletes undergoing a long-term diet intervention programme, and correlate such differences with protein patterns. Methods: Forty-four semiproffesional rugby players have been randomized to either a mediterranean (MD) or hyperprotein diet (PD). Antropometric measurements and blood samples has been collected at the beggining and at 6 months. Plasma protein profiles were analysed. Results: When both diets were compared, the increase in total body mass was slightly higher in individuals following a PD (2,01%1,48). Those who followed MD increased their muscular mass. Two groups were redefined showing a direct correlation between body muscle and total body weight increasing (G1), and a second one (G2), including individuals that increased muscle mass but lost body weight (G2). GDF3 and/or BMP2 were found in higher levels in the plasma of G1, while GDF7, NODAL and INHBB were detected in higher levels in the plasma of G2. Conclusion: A correlation between differential protein profiles and body compartments has been found. The potential identification in plasma of high levels of several components of the TGF-b family in a population mainly following a MD loosing TBW with increasing in MM, suggest the influence of these factors in all this process. 64 - Intervention into physical activity EAS-0961. THE INFLUENCE OF EXCERCISE AND DIET ON GASTROINTESTINAL PEPTIDES CIRCULATING LEVELS: APPETITTE AND ENERGY HOMEOSTASIS V. Aragona, R. Torob, M. Quezada-Feijooc, C. Rodriguez-Leala, I. Tinocoa, M. Garcia del rioa, A. Mangasb a Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Puerta Del Mar Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain; b Medicine, Medicine Faculty, Cadiz, Spain; c Hospital Carlos III , Madrid, Spain
Objectives: In sports practice, personalised programs aim to modulate by diet intervention and specific training the connection between energy homeostasis, exercise and weight management seeking to achieve optimal performance. In this regard, several gastrointestinal peptides and adipokines correlated with energy homeostasis and food behaviour have arisen as potential connecting factors. Herein, we evaluate the long term effect of two diets and intensive exercise, focusing on the variations of GLP1, GIP, leptin, ghrelin, resistin, insulin and glucagon. Methods: 44 rugby players followed either a standard Mediterranean diet (MD) or a modified one with increased percentage of proteins at the expense of carbohydrates (PD), for 6 months with intense training. Surface Enhanced Laser Dissociation Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (SELDI-MS) was employed for initial screening of plasma protein changes and further immunoaffinity analyses of the above mentioned peptides were performed. Results: SELDI-MS highlighted alterations of ghrelin, glucagon, GLP1 and resistin after the 6 months intervention program. Immunoaffinity analysis indicated that PD promoted a significant decrease of GLP1 (p:0.03) and GIP (p:0.01). Leptin levels decreased with both diets (p:NS), whereas resistin increased with the MD (p:NS). In addition, GLP1 decreased in athletes following the PD whose body weight (p:0.03) and muscle percentage (p:0.002) increased. Ghrelin also decreased in individuals that gained muscle, regardless of diet (p:0.03). No significant changes were seen for insulin and glucagon in this study. Conclusion: In conclusion, the PD described appears to be more favourable for athletic performance, mainly by keeping lower GLP-1 levels in sportsmen and otentially decreasing the risk of hypoglycemia
e247
64 - Intervention into physical activity EAS-0360. RESTING HEART RATE PLAYS A MAJOR ROLE IN CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS: AN USEFUL PREDICTOR OF ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY RISK S. Tello-Blascoa, C. Fernándeza, A. Miguelb, R. Fabregatea, M. Fabregatea, C. Gómezb, D. Barrioa, J. Sabán-Ruiza a b
Endothelial Pathology Unit, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain; Vascular Surgery Department, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
Objectives: Above-average cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), as reflected by VO2max (maximal oxygen uptake during incremental exercise), has been consistently associated with decreased mortality. Recent studies suggest that CRF could be a useful predictor of all-cause mortality risk in primarycare. Our study aims to evaluate the main determinant factors of VO2max. Methods: n¼60 (32 males), age: 40.0 (10.5) y.o (range: 20 to 70). 28% hypertensives, 24% hyperglycemics, 18% smokers, 14% with Metabolic Syndrome. Those with heart disease, taking beta-blockers or blood pressure >160/90 mmHg were excluded. Rating of Perceived Exertion: Borg CR10 scale. Standard clinical treadmill: h/p/Cosmos LE200CE. VO2max (ml/kg/min) estimated according to submaximal modified Balke test. Statistics: Continuous variables described as mean (Standard deviation). Multivariate linear regression, significance p Results: VO2max was inversely correlated to resting heart rate (B¼-0.426, p¼0.001), systolic blood pressure (B¼-0.311, p¼0.044), diastolic blood pressure (B¼-0.344, p¼0.018), after adjusting for age and sex. A higher heart rate reserve (HRmax – resting HR) was associated to a higher VO2max (B¼0.501, p<0.001) Patients with a better CRF showed lower values of LDL-C (B¼-0.264; p¼0.071) and triglycerides (B¼-0.262, p¼0.082) independently of age and sex. Body fat mass (%) was inversely correlated to VO2max (B¼-0.245, p¼0.092). No significant association was found between CRF and waist circumference, weight, BMI, HDL-C, GLUC and A1c. Conclusion: Resting heart rate is a good and simple-to-measure predictor of CRF, independently of age and sex. Heart rate reserve is an age-adjusted parameter derived from resting heart rate strongly related to VO2max. 2Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure are closely associated with CRF. Besides, the lipid profile (LDL-C and triglycerides) and body composition (% of fat mass) seems to be associated with CRF. Resting heart rate could play a role in CRF assessment when VO2max can not be measured. 64 - Intervention into physical activity EAS-0361. EFFECT OF VOLUNTARY RUNNING ON FATTY ACID COMPOSITION IN MEMBRANE PHOSPHOLIPIDS AND AMOUNT OF LIPOTOXIC INTERMEDIATES IN HEREDITARY HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIC RATS V. Skopa, H. Malínskáa, J. Trnovskáa, M. Huttla, A. Blachnio-Zabielskab, M. Baranowskib, L. Kazdováa a Center for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague 4, Czech Republic; b Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
Objectives: Lipid deposition in the extraadipose tissue, mostly in the liver and muscle is one of the most serious factor associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome (MS). More important than total amount of tissue lipids is their composition, mostly the properties of fatty acids and quantity of lipotoxic intermediates (ceramides and diacylglyceroles). The positive role of physical activity on the obesity-related disorders is well documented but its effect on membrane fatty acid composition and concentration of lipotoxic intermediates is unclear. In this study we analyzed the effect of voluntary running on lipid metabolism in hereditary