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The action of the basis amino acids on the heart and intestine
SELECTED
515
ABSTHr\CTS
after the initiation of streptococcic infection, and disappeared gradually in from eight to fourteen days. Rabbit anti-rat heart serum produced a much weaker reaction. Although this phenomenon is similar to rheumatic fever in so far as the latter may be the expression of the formation of autoantibodies in response to streptococcic infection, there is one dissimilar feature: this experimental reaction appears quickly at the height of streptococcic infection, while rheumatic fever appears two or three weeks after the onset of the preceding streptococcic infection. GOULEY. Pearce, J. M., and Lange, rence of Experimental
G.: Viral
Cardiac Carditis.
Anoxia as the Arch. Path.
Factor 44:103
Determining (Aug.), 1947.
the
Occur-
The authors reviewed previous work dealing with the production of a viral myocarditis in rabbits secondary to subcutaneous inoculations or installations in the upper respiratory tract. They found that such myocardial lesions were remarkably increased by the simultaneous intravenous injection of acacia and also of pitressin extract. The authors feel that the only reasonable explanation for this phenomenon is the introduction of the factor of cardiac anoxia. This is produced by coronary artery constric,tion after pitressin, or by interference with gas interchange If the authors’ hypothesis is between hemoglobin and the tissues of the heart following acacia. correct, the use of other drugs that would cause coronary constriction should cause the same aggravation of vrral myocarditis as did pitressin. On the other hand, those drugs that have a detrimental action on heart muscle, without coronary constriction, should have no effect in increasing the extent of viral myocarditis. In conformity with this reasoning, barium chloride and adrenalin were tried and found to cause a marked increase in the incidence of viral myocarditis. On the other hand, digitalis, papaverine, and nikethamide, given intravenously, produced no increase of inflammatory reaction in the hearts of untreated controls. The myocardial lesions that developed after acacia had been injected into the venous blood stream were predominantly confined to the right side of the heart, while those following the injection of constrictors of the coronary arteries involved chiefly the left ventricle. This can be explained by the almost complete dependence of the left ventricular myocardium on the coronary arteries for its nutrition, while the right ventricular muscle is nourished by the numerous venous and venusinusoidal communications that link with the ripht ventricle lumen. GOULEY. Winbury, Heart
M. M., and Crittenden, P. J.: and Intestine. J. Pharmacol.
The Action of the Basic Amino Acids & Exper. Therap. 90:293 (Aug.) 1947.
on
the
The authors studied the action of the basic amino acids (hi&dine, arginine, and lysine) on the heart and intestine, using both isolated and intact specimens. Arginine and lysine were found to depress the isolated frog heart, while histidine exerted a stimulating action. Using the intact anesthetized cat, arginine and lysine, given intravenously in a solution buffered to pH 7.4, had a hypotensive action with a decrease in heart rate. Histidine at the same pH resulted in a slight rise in blood pressure. However, if given as a monohydrochloride at pH 4.0, histidine exhibited a hypotensive action similar to arginine and lysine. Studies on the intestine of the rabbit in situ revealed a fundamental difference between the action of histidine hydrochloride and the two basic amino acids. All three relaxed the longitudinal muscles of the duodenum. However, histidine hydrochloride caused a spasm of the circular muscles, while lysine and arginine caused an inhibition. GODFREY. Maresh, Lethal more
G. J., and Farah, Dose of Cardiac
Digoxin, rapidly
A. E.: Glycosides.
oleandrin, and digitoxin the individual glycoside
The
Influence of Rate of .4dministration J. Pharmacol. & Exper. Therap. 90:304
were given was given,
intravenously the higher
Upon the (Aug.), 1947.
to intact anesthetized cats. The was the lethal dose. As the rate of
515
ABSTHr\CTS
after the initiation of streptococcic infection, and disappeared gradually in from eight to fourteen days. Rabbit anti-rat heart serum produced a much weaker reaction. Although this phenomenon is similar to rheumatic fever in so far as the latter may be the expression of the formation of autoantibodies in response to streptococcic infection, there is one dissimilar feature: this experimental reaction appears quickly at the height of streptococcic infection, while rheumatic fever appears two or three weeks after the onset of the preceding streptococcic infection. GOULEY. Pearce, J. M., and Lange, rence of Experimental
G.: Viral
Cardiac Carditis.
Anoxia as the Arch. Path.
Factor 44:103
Determining (Aug.), 1947.
the
Occur-
The authors reviewed previous work dealing with the production of a viral myocarditis in rabbits secondary to subcutaneous inoculations or installations in the upper respiratory tract. They found that such myocardial lesions were remarkably increased by the simultaneous intravenous injection of acacia and also of pitressin extract. The authors feel that the only reasonable explanation for this phenomenon is the introduction of the factor of cardiac anoxia. This is produced by coronary artery constric,tion after pitressin, or by interference with gas interchange If the authors’ hypothesis is between hemoglobin and the tissues of the heart following acacia. correct, the use of other drugs that would cause coronary constriction should cause the same aggravation of vrral myocarditis as did pitressin. On the other hand, those drugs that have a detrimental action on heart muscle, without coronary constriction, should have no effect in increasing the extent of viral myocarditis. In conformity with this reasoning, barium chloride and adrenalin were tried and found to cause a marked increase in the incidence of viral myocarditis. On the other hand, digitalis, papaverine, and nikethamide, given intravenously, produced no increase of inflammatory reaction in the hearts of untreated controls. The myocardial lesions that developed after acacia had been injected into the venous blood stream were predominantly confined to the right side of the heart, while those following the injection of constrictors of the coronary arteries involved chiefly the left ventricle. This can be explained by the almost complete dependence of the left ventricular myocardium on the coronary arteries for its nutrition, while the right ventricular muscle is nourished by the numerous venous and venusinusoidal communications that link with the ripht ventricle lumen. GOULEY. Winbury, Heart
M. M., and Crittenden, P. J.: and Intestine. J. Pharmacol.
The Action of the Basic Amino Acids & Exper. Therap. 90:293 (Aug.) 1947.
on
the
The authors studied the action of the basic amino acids (hi&dine, arginine, and lysine) on the heart and intestine, using both isolated and intact specimens. Arginine and lysine were found to depress the isolated frog heart, while histidine exerted a stimulating action. Using the intact anesthetized cat, arginine and lysine, given intravenously in a solution buffered to pH 7.4, had a hypotensive action with a decrease in heart rate. Histidine at the same pH resulted in a slight rise in blood pressure. However, if given as a monohydrochloride at pH 4.0, histidine exhibited a hypotensive action similar to arginine and lysine. Studies on the intestine of the rabbit in situ revealed a fundamental difference between the action of histidine hydrochloride and the two basic amino acids. All three relaxed the longitudinal muscles of the duodenum. However, histidine hydrochloride caused a spasm of the circular muscles, while lysine and arginine caused an inhibition. GODFREY. Maresh, Lethal more
G. J., and Farah, Dose of Cardiac
Digoxin, rapidly
A. E.: Glycosides.
oleandrin, and digitoxin the individual glycoside
The
Influence of Rate of .4dministration J. Pharmacol. & Exper. Therap. 90:304
were given was given,
intravenously the higher
Upon the (Aug.), 1947.
to intact anesthetized cats. The was the lethal dose. As the rate of