- Email: [email protected]
THE CARE OF SICK SAILORS IN GERMANY.
600 conditions
as may be due to recent experience of prison the Cambridge Improvement Acts should be levied by of for which the assessment instead of being charged on the University chest, will form a useful discipline subject study Central Association will have considerable facilities. The the already heavy burden upon it was lightened, and opportunity to investigate the conditions, mental and physical, amongst the new professorships founded was that of experiof convicted persons who have regained their liberty has been mental physics, and the first professor of the Cavendish enjoyed by the existing agencies but without the additional Laboratory, that distinguished physicist James Clerk-Maxwell, power to bring them directly to the notice of the Home Office, was elected on March 8th, 1871. The inaugural lecture was delivered on Oct. 25th in the same year. Clerk-Maxwell a power which an association the president of which is the Home Secretary himself must enjoy to the fullest extent. was succeeded on his death in 1879 by Lord Rayleigh, who in Such investigation could have no useful result unless made turn resigned in favour of the present professor, Sir J. J. officially and independently of prejudice of any kind by men Thomson, in 1884. In 1909 Sir J. J. Thomson comqualified by training and experience to make it. Under the pleted the twenty-fifth year of his tenure of the Cavenauthority of the new association it should be possible to con- dish professorship, and it was this fact which gave duct it simultaneously with the exercise of the benevolent rise to the suggestion by his immediate colleagues that the occasion should be celebrated in some way which object for which that body has been primarily instituted, with only a limited necessary outlay which would be likely to would fitly commemorate a tenure so long and so full be recouped in due course to the State by the saving of a pro- of achievement. A most interesting volume recording the portion of the expenditure caused by recidivism. history of the Cavendish Laboratory has since been issued, and it forms, we think, a very appropriate consummation of the THE CARE OF SICK SAILORS IN GERMANY. foregoing suggestion. The University of Cambridge may well A CONVALESCENT home for German seamen has been built at be proud of the valuable contributions which have been made Zehlendorf in the Grmaewald, near Berlin, by a philanthropic to physical science as a result of the foundation of its association constituted, under the inspiration of the Emperor Cavendish Laboratory, and it has been said with truth that and in 1908 with this Con- perhaps there is no post in the world which has been held
and
particular object.
Empress,
valescent homes there were for the army and for other professions, but none for the sailors. That has now been changed, for this home will take seamen of the Imperial Navy or of the mercantile marine, as well as soldiers from the colonial or protectorate troops, to the number of 60, and also their officers to the number of 15. Retired and half-pay officers may be received if there is room. No serious cases requiring much attention can be received and no contagious diseases. The accommodation and recreation rooms for men and officers are quite separate ; there are smoking and writing rooms for each with all the foreign military and naval papers, and a good library. For their treatment there are douche, steam, and electrical baths, and even a small swimming-bath. There is central heating and electric light throughout. The association has provided the site and the house ; the medical treatment and maintenance are secured by a charge of 3s. 6d. daily for each man, 4s. 6d. daily for junior, 5s. 6d. for senior officers. The navy has taken ten beds, and it is hoped the large shipping firms will each similarly annex others. The estate is a forest, of which few trees have had to be sacrificelto the building, and it is hoped that this sanatorium may be of great benefit to those for whom it is planned.
I
-
A
HISTORY OF THE
CAVENDISH
LABORATORY.1
AFTER having successfully provided in the years 1864 and 1865 accommodation for the study of zoology, comparative anatomy, human anatomy, chemistry, mineralogy, and botany, the University of Cambridge turned its attention to the needs of the students who wanted instruction in heat, electricity, and magnetism. The prospect of expenses, however, very nearly defeated the good intentions of the syndicate which was formed to this end and which reported in favour of founding a special professorship and of supplying the professor with the means of making his teaching practical. It was not until October, 1870, that the opportunity came for making a real start with the Cavendish Laboratory. The Duke of Devonshire expressed a desire to carry out the recommendation of the syndicate, adding that he would be prepared to provide the funds required for the building and apparatus. 0 sing to a decision of the heads of the Colleges that the sums required under 1 A History of the Cavendish Laboratory, 1871-1910. With three portraits in collotype and eight other illustrations. London : Longmans, Green, and Co. 1910. Pp. 342. Price 7s. 6d. net.
successively by three men of such great and such varied genius as Clerk-Maxwell, Rayleigh, and Th)mson, who have made the Cavendish Laboratory known throughout the world. The transactions of the learned societies record what valuable work has been done, and it is now most interesting to discover in the book referred to how that work came to be done, in a series of monographs contributed by competent writers like r. C. Fitzpatrick, Arthur Schuster, R. T. Glazebrook, H. F. bewail, E. Rutherford, C. T. Wilson, N. R. Campbell, L. R. Wilberforce, and the present professor himself. The history s a splendid record of scientific work and education.
DIPHTHERIA OF THE VULVA IN A CHILD.
DIPHTHERIA of the vulva or vagina is very rare, and has been observed in two conditions-in the puerperium and in children. In 1898 Whitridge Williams recorded the case off a woman who on the twelfth day of a normal puerperium began to complain of pain and swelling in the vulva. The inner surface of the labia majora and minora was covered by a greyish-white membrane which extended a short distance The diphtheria bacillus was found, and up the vagina. took recovery place under antitoxin. The infant and an elder child were subsequently attacked with diphtheria and died. In necropsies in cases of puerperal septicaemia dirtygreyish or yellowish membrane is frequently found in the uterus and vagina, and has been described in the older works as diphtheria, but is generally due to necrosis produced by the streptococcus or other organism. Very few cases of of vulva in the children have been recorded. It diphtheria or to be may primary secondary diphtheria of the throat. In the Nero York Medical Journal of Jan. 7th Captain L. L. Smith, of the Medical Corps of the United States Army, has reported the following case. On March 15th, 1910, he was called to a girl, aged three years, who was suffering from slight cough with a little pyrexia. The throat and nose were examined with negative result, and in a day have completely recovered. A or two she seemed to few days later he was again called to see the child, as attempts to micturate were unsuccessful and caused her to cry with pain. The meatus urinarius and labia minora were slightly inflamed and swollen. There was some mucoid vaginal discharge, but no membrane was seen. As hot applications to the vulva and lower abdomen failed to produce micturition a catheter was passed. The urine was
as may be due to recent experience of prison the Cambridge Improvement Acts should be levied by of for which the assessment instead of being charged on the University chest, will form a useful discipline subject study Central Association will have considerable facilities. The the already heavy burden upon it was lightened, and opportunity to investigate the conditions, mental and physical, amongst the new professorships founded was that of experiof convicted persons who have regained their liberty has been mental physics, and the first professor of the Cavendish enjoyed by the existing agencies but without the additional Laboratory, that distinguished physicist James Clerk-Maxwell, power to bring them directly to the notice of the Home Office, was elected on March 8th, 1871. The inaugural lecture was delivered on Oct. 25th in the same year. Clerk-Maxwell a power which an association the president of which is the Home Secretary himself must enjoy to the fullest extent. was succeeded on his death in 1879 by Lord Rayleigh, who in Such investigation could have no useful result unless made turn resigned in favour of the present professor, Sir J. J. officially and independently of prejudice of any kind by men Thomson, in 1884. In 1909 Sir J. J. Thomson comqualified by training and experience to make it. Under the pleted the twenty-fifth year of his tenure of the Cavenauthority of the new association it should be possible to con- dish professorship, and it was this fact which gave duct it simultaneously with the exercise of the benevolent rise to the suggestion by his immediate colleagues that the occasion should be celebrated in some way which object for which that body has been primarily instituted, with only a limited necessary outlay which would be likely to would fitly commemorate a tenure so long and so full be recouped in due course to the State by the saving of a pro- of achievement. A most interesting volume recording the portion of the expenditure caused by recidivism. history of the Cavendish Laboratory has since been issued, and it forms, we think, a very appropriate consummation of the THE CARE OF SICK SAILORS IN GERMANY. foregoing suggestion. The University of Cambridge may well A CONVALESCENT home for German seamen has been built at be proud of the valuable contributions which have been made Zehlendorf in the Grmaewald, near Berlin, by a philanthropic to physical science as a result of the foundation of its association constituted, under the inspiration of the Emperor Cavendish Laboratory, and it has been said with truth that and in 1908 with this Con- perhaps there is no post in the world which has been held
and
particular object.
Empress,
valescent homes there were for the army and for other professions, but none for the sailors. That has now been changed, for this home will take seamen of the Imperial Navy or of the mercantile marine, as well as soldiers from the colonial or protectorate troops, to the number of 60, and also their officers to the number of 15. Retired and half-pay officers may be received if there is room. No serious cases requiring much attention can be received and no contagious diseases. The accommodation and recreation rooms for men and officers are quite separate ; there are smoking and writing rooms for each with all the foreign military and naval papers, and a good library. For their treatment there are douche, steam, and electrical baths, and even a small swimming-bath. There is central heating and electric light throughout. The association has provided the site and the house ; the medical treatment and maintenance are secured by a charge of 3s. 6d. daily for each man, 4s. 6d. daily for junior, 5s. 6d. for senior officers. The navy has taken ten beds, and it is hoped the large shipping firms will each similarly annex others. The estate is a forest, of which few trees have had to be sacrificelto the building, and it is hoped that this sanatorium may be of great benefit to those for whom it is planned.
I
-
A
HISTORY OF THE
CAVENDISH
LABORATORY.1
AFTER having successfully provided in the years 1864 and 1865 accommodation for the study of zoology, comparative anatomy, human anatomy, chemistry, mineralogy, and botany, the University of Cambridge turned its attention to the needs of the students who wanted instruction in heat, electricity, and magnetism. The prospect of expenses, however, very nearly defeated the good intentions of the syndicate which was formed to this end and which reported in favour of founding a special professorship and of supplying the professor with the means of making his teaching practical. It was not until October, 1870, that the opportunity came for making a real start with the Cavendish Laboratory. The Duke of Devonshire expressed a desire to carry out the recommendation of the syndicate, adding that he would be prepared to provide the funds required for the building and apparatus. 0 sing to a decision of the heads of the Colleges that the sums required under 1 A History of the Cavendish Laboratory, 1871-1910. With three portraits in collotype and eight other illustrations. London : Longmans, Green, and Co. 1910. Pp. 342. Price 7s. 6d. net.
successively by three men of such great and such varied genius as Clerk-Maxwell, Rayleigh, and Th)mson, who have made the Cavendish Laboratory known throughout the world. The transactions of the learned societies record what valuable work has been done, and it is now most interesting to discover in the book referred to how that work came to be done, in a series of monographs contributed by competent writers like r. C. Fitzpatrick, Arthur Schuster, R. T. Glazebrook, H. F. bewail, E. Rutherford, C. T. Wilson, N. R. Campbell, L. R. Wilberforce, and the present professor himself. The history s a splendid record of scientific work and education.
DIPHTHERIA OF THE VULVA IN A CHILD.
DIPHTHERIA of the vulva or vagina is very rare, and has been observed in two conditions-in the puerperium and in children. In 1898 Whitridge Williams recorded the case off a woman who on the twelfth day of a normal puerperium began to complain of pain and swelling in the vulva. The inner surface of the labia majora and minora was covered by a greyish-white membrane which extended a short distance The diphtheria bacillus was found, and up the vagina. took recovery place under antitoxin. The infant and an elder child were subsequently attacked with diphtheria and died. In necropsies in cases of puerperal septicaemia dirtygreyish or yellowish membrane is frequently found in the uterus and vagina, and has been described in the older works as diphtheria, but is generally due to necrosis produced by the streptococcus or other organism. Very few cases of of vulva in the children have been recorded. It diphtheria or to be may primary secondary diphtheria of the throat. In the Nero York Medical Journal of Jan. 7th Captain L. L. Smith, of the Medical Corps of the United States Army, has reported the following case. On March 15th, 1910, he was called to a girl, aged three years, who was suffering from slight cough with a little pyrexia. The throat and nose were examined with negative result, and in a day have completely recovered. A or two she seemed to few days later he was again called to see the child, as attempts to micturate were unsuccessful and caused her to cry with pain. The meatus urinarius and labia minora were slightly inflamed and swollen. There was some mucoid vaginal discharge, but no membrane was seen. As hot applications to the vulva and lower abdomen failed to produce micturition a catheter was passed. The urine was