216 the clause, the clause
added to the Bill. For all eyes ; but a little consideration should suffice to show the practical purposes compulsion has therefore gone by thecritic that his doubts are not well founded. Like many an board. objector he assumes the premisses-to wit, that all the eyes are used to replace human losses, whereas most likely false THE CONGRESS OF THE ROYAL INSTITUTE OF eyes of every description are included in the list. Evidently taxidermists, bird-stuffers, the makers of wax figures, &c., PUBLIC HEALTH. must use an immense quantity, to say nothing of the artists RIVALRY in business is generally considered to be a who are responsible for the innumerable army of dolls benefit to the public, but it is a question whether the and small. Viewed in the light thus thrown upon the large rivalry of the numerous sanitary associations is not of less matter the 2,000,000 which seemed to be so amazingly general advantage than would be their amalgamation. mark dwindle to a mere bagatelle-a mere drop, the beyond Unity is strength and the multiplication of societies all so to in the ocean of false eyes. In this connexion speak, interested in one art or one science weakens the that it is allusion to the fact the one-eyed who singular only in the way of combinawhole. Even if the obstacles seek to conceal their deficiency by means of a substitute are an certain tion insuperable agreement upon points would be an advantage. Neither the Sanitary Institute may be permissible. The totally blind never wear false eyes, or if an instance now and then occur it merely serves to nor the Royal Institute of Public Health holds annual the rule. In consequence of his aesthetic sense a onecongresses and exhibitions ; why not, therefore, have prove man feels compelled to endure the discomfort which in them in alternate years instead of both in the same eyed or lesser degree attends upon every foreign body year2 The one undoubtedly detracts from the other, and greater which obtained lodgment in the human economy, but has more than one sanitary authority, confused by the multhe man who has lost both his eyes is free from this weak. tiple requests to appoint delegates, have decided to send delegates to neither. We have already referred to the ness-his aesthetic sense expired along with his vision. congress of the Sanitary Institute which is to be held in Birmingham in the autumn and we have now to direct THE CHELSEA PHYSIC GARDEN. attention to the congress of the Royal Institute, which will A REMEMBRANCE of pleasant hours spent at the Apothebe held in Dublin next month. The President is Sir Charles caries’ Physic Garden at Chelsea is part of the heritage of M.D. of Dublin is the Cameron, R.U.I., and the Lord Mayor of the London medical students of thirty years ago. many will be The Presidential address given Honorary President. in the Examination Hall, Trinity College, at noon on At that time the diplomas which they usually sought were Aug. 18th, and the business of the congress will not con- the Membership of the College of Surgeons and the Licence clude until the 23rd. Dr. Grimshaw, C.B., will preside over of the Apothecaries’ Society. Medical botany was part of the the Section of Preventive Medicine and Vital Statistics ; usual curriculum and some knowledge of the officinal plants Professor J. W. Moore over the Section of Chemistry and named in the British Pharmacopoeia was an important Meteorology; Mr. C. P. Cotton (Local Government Board) matter for the candidate at "the Hall." to Every week fresh specimens were sent from Chelsea Blackfriars. over the Section of Engineering and Building Construction; visited the Physic The if well candidate, advised, wary and Alderman the Right Hon. J. M. Meade, P.C., over the his the week Garden and examination, preceding during Municipal and Parliamentary Section. There will be conof the as to the plants one he consulted gardeners possibly ferences of naval and army medical officers, of medical officers of health, of sanitary inspectors, and of veteri- which were at the time in their most characteristic state; narians. An exhibition of sanitary appliances is also being he then noted their leading peculiarities, so that he could the organised. The generous impulse of the local executive, so again recognise or, as it was colloquially called, spot" characteristic of the inhabitants of the Emerald Isle, has specimens and, by the help of Sir Alfred Garrod’s Manual to provided an unusual round of festivities. Everything indi- and other text-books, mention the virtues credited them. or medical Of late years, rightly wrongly, cates that the Congress will be a success and if any further inducement is necessary to attract visitors it will be found botany has been supplanted by other studies and the in the fact that the world-famed Horse Show will open on Society of Apothecaries has now applied to the Charity Commissioners as to the future regulation of the Chelsea the closing day of the Congress. Physic Garden, of which they were trustees under the will of Sir Hans Sloane. The trustees of the London Parochial ARTIFICIAL EYES. Charities having offered to maintain the garden for the ACCORDING to a German authority people vvearing false purposes of botanical study the Charity Commissioners will a scheme giving general effect to the proeyes must be pretty nearly as common as the remainder of shortly publish of posed management. change whom fate has the victims of a was
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bodies, be it organ or limb. Every year, we are told, no fewer than 2,000,000 of glass eyes are manufactured in the German Empire and it is, of course, far from probable of their
that the whole of the world’s supply should be made in Germany. On the contrary it is stated in la Médecine Moderne that a single French firm turns out at least 300,000 glass eyes annually, and that there are several other factories in France the output of which is about the same. How, it will naturally be asked, can this enormous stock be utilised? Glass eyes although essentially brittle are little liable to injury, do not wear out quickly, and are quite independent of the vagaries of fashion. Once suited the owner of a glass eye may make it serve him a considerable time. A writer in the Journal d’Hygiene is disposed to regard the oculiform millions as a fantastic creation, seeing that one-eyed people are rare comparatively speaking and that the majority of them do not wear false
AN AMERICAN VIEW OF THE ABUSE OF MEDICAL CHARITY. THE Yale Medical Journal for June contains a valuable and suggestive paper on ’’ The Existing Abuse of Medical Charity and How it Can be Remedied,"1 by Frederick Holme Wiggin, M.D., Visiting Gynaecologist to the New York City Hospital. Dr. Wiggin gives a short history of the origin and growth of the out-patient system and traces it to St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, London, where a system of outdoor relief was established in 1770, known as the dispensary, the object of which was"the relief of the sick poor without regard to place of abode who are able to visit the hospital, but unable to pay the expense of a medical attendant at 1 The paper was read before the Connecticut Medical Haven on May 26th, 1898.
Society at
New