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The chemical composition of sesame oil
840
U.S.
BUREAU
OF C H E M I S T R Y
NOTES.
[J.F.I.
used, it may be concluded that the changes in initial reaction produced by plants in the medium in which they grow, are due to absorption rather than to neutralization. The previous growth of the experimental seedlings in nutrient solutions deficient in acid-forming elements diminished their ability to decrease the acidity of the acid solutions. Apparently the deficiency of the previous nutrient solutions produced functional disturbances in the seedlings. The greatest changes from the initial reactions were produced in the solutions of the organic acids, This, however, may have been due partly or wholly to microbiological activity and needs to be studied further. T H E C H E M I C A L C O M P O S I T I O N OF SESAME OIL? By George S. Jamieson and Walter F. Baughman.
[ABSrRACT.] THE oil examined was expressed in the Oil, Fat, and Wax Laborato;y by means of an expeller from Chinese yellow sesame seed. A light yellow oil with a slight, pleasant taste, having the following chemical and physical characteristics, was obtained: Specific g r a v i t y
250/25
°
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Refractive index 2o ° . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A c i d value
......................................
Iodine number ( H a n u s ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Saponification value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unsaponifiable m a t t e r (per cent.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acetyl value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reichert-Meissl number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Polenske number ................................ Saturated acids (per cent.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unsaturated acids ( p e r cent.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
o.9187 1.4731 1.4 1IO.8 I89.3 1.73 9.8 o.rl o.15 12.2 81.2
This oil was found to have the following composition: Per cent.
I Oleic acid Linolic acid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Glycerides ~ Palmitic acid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . of Stearic acid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I A r a c h i d i c acid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (. Lignoceric acid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unsaponifiable m a t t e r
................................
* Published in J. Am. Chem. Soc., 46 ( M a r c h , I924) : 775.
48.1 36.8
7.7 4.6 0.4 0.04 1.7
U.S.
BUREAU
OF C H E M I S T R Y
NOTES.
[J.F.I.
used, it may be concluded that the changes in initial reaction produced by plants in the medium in which they grow, are due to absorption rather than to neutralization. The previous growth of the experimental seedlings in nutrient solutions deficient in acid-forming elements diminished their ability to decrease the acidity of the acid solutions. Apparently the deficiency of the previous nutrient solutions produced functional disturbances in the seedlings. The greatest changes from the initial reactions were produced in the solutions of the organic acids, This, however, may have been due partly or wholly to microbiological activity and needs to be studied further. T H E C H E M I C A L C O M P O S I T I O N OF SESAME OIL? By George S. Jamieson and Walter F. Baughman.
[ABSrRACT.] THE oil examined was expressed in the Oil, Fat, and Wax Laborato;y by means of an expeller from Chinese yellow sesame seed. A light yellow oil with a slight, pleasant taste, having the following chemical and physical characteristics, was obtained: Specific g r a v i t y
250/25
°
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Refractive index 2o ° . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A c i d value
......................................
Iodine number ( H a n u s ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Saponification value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unsaponifiable m a t t e r (per cent.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acetyl value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reichert-Meissl number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Polenske number ................................ Saturated acids (per cent.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unsaturated acids ( p e r cent.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
o.9187 1.4731 1.4 1IO.8 I89.3 1.73 9.8 o.rl o.15 12.2 81.2
This oil was found to have the following composition: Per cent.
I Oleic acid Linolic acid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Glycerides ~ Palmitic acid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . of Stearic acid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I A r a c h i d i c acid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (. Lignoceric acid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unsaponifiable m a t t e r
................................
* Published in J. Am. Chem. Soc., 46 ( M a r c h , I924) : 775.
48.1 36.8
7.7 4.6 0.4 0.04 1.7