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THE CHOLERA EPIDEMIC.
REPORT OF THE BOARD OF HEALTH OF NEW YORK.
564
THE BENEVOLENT FUND OF THE BRITISH DENTAL ASSOCIATION.
THE CHOLERA EPIDEMIC.
CHOLERA still clings with much tenacity to Naples and to IN the report of the annual meeting of the British Dental Spezia, S both of them towns where the sanitary circumstances Association at Edinburgh, which appeared in our issue of Sept. are a eminently favourable to the extension of a disease which fi its principal means of diffusion in conditions of excre. 6th, pressure on our space compelled us to omit the first annual finds report of the above Benevolent Fund,which was inaugurated nmental pollution. At Naples the diminution in the fatality, last year at Plymouth. The managing committee, through its which v commenced some ten days ago, is still steadily in John that Mr. the fund the more recent records showing that about 150 chairman, Tomes, reported wasprogress, p intended to be to the relief of d take deaths originally applied only place daily. In Spezia the severity of the epi. c necessitous members of the Association, their widows andL demic is liable to considerable fluctuations. Thus, on the orphans ; but, several most urgent cases having a1Ïsen during. 118th inst. the deaths were nine in number, next day they to thirty, now again they are reduced to seven and nine i the year, it became necessary to extend the field of usefulness, rose In the other parts of Italy previously infected no l day. and the rules as now amended permit of help being given to 3 a, t Imaterial outburst has taken place, but the diffusion of the any deserving cases of necessity, with the sole proviso that c in the province of Naples is considerable, and a fresh r disease the recipients must be registered dentists or the widows or that of Ascoli, is now reported as inr strict made. The treasurer of 1 province-namely, orphans such, inquiry being I At Rome another case has occurred, but it may be (Mr. A. J. Woodhouse) reported that the donations and1 fected. subscriptions promised and received amounted to j684:818s.,,,hoped that the means of isolation and other measures avail. Lt able will prevent any extension of the disease. In France and that relief had been administered to the extent of about the epidemic is more quiescent ; a few deaths occur almost e ,Í,120 in eight cases in all. Sir Edwin Saunders, one of the in Toulon and Marseilles, and at Perpignan, where and in said that i530 had been invested d daily Consols, trustees, the largest mortality is now maintained, five deaths a day are ithe vice-chairman, Mr. Dennant, explained that the com)f not unusual. As regards Spain, the contradictory statements mittee had no intention of pauperising those aided, but of as to whether cholera is really prevalent or not are still .e relieving " the distress of the widow, the helplessness of the rmaintained, but it is quite certain that the Government feel orphan, and the dire misfortune of sudden calamity overno hesitation upon the point, for they daily record the cholera ie taking a professional brother." Their desire was to help the .d deaths in the province of Alicante, and now also in that widows to earn their own living, and to find homes and of Tarragona, and they maintain by means of the troops a 10 education for the orphans. Mr. S. J. Hutchinson, who acted as honorary secretary (in the absence of Mr. Oakley ;y sanitary cordon round the places that are infected. The Coles), stated that a local committee for Scotland had been m extension of the disease into the province of Tarragona has formed by the Scottish Branch at this meeting, and that in taken place notwithstanding the cordon. On the subject of the two dental schools in London, and in that of Edinburgh, h. land quarantines it is noteworthy that Dr. Proust, the chief it was proposed to establish free scholarships in the event of French sanitary inspector, has reported that the extensions d, of cholera which have taken place, both into Italy and Spain, any of the pupils now being educated at the cost of the fund, ch of themselves suffice to show that quarantines in populous deserving free education at any of these hospitals, which would most likely be granted by the medical staff of districts are not only useless but that they become centres from which the disease diffuses itself. He now advocates, every dental school in the kingdom. in the place of these effete measures, the rigorous enforce. ment of measures of public health, coupled with proper medical inspection at certain centres along the principal REPORTS OF THE STATE BOARD OF lines of human traffic.
,
HEALTH OF NEW YORK.
___
QUARANTINE AND INFECTED PORTS.
A VALUABLE series of special reports has been issued by At Gibraltar quarantine on vessels arriving from Italy is the State Board of Health of New York, each report dealing 1139 4extended from seven to fourteen days, and all vessels arrivwith some one special subject, and being complete in itself Lf;ing ;i from Indian ports are subjected to twenty-four hours’ and in this respect they very much resemble the reports of ofIquarantine. All arrivals from Spanish ports are subjected the inspectors of the Medical Department of the Local cal to a quarantine of fourteen days, and all arrivals from the Government Board in this country. But they are by no Mediterranean ports of Spain are ordered to quit Gibraltar. Vessels from Naples are subjected to ten days’ quarantine means confined to medical subjects ; one, for example, gives ves in the rest of the continental littoral of Italy. of the Ida on the Tonawanda an exhaustive account drainage Quarantine at the frontier of Italy, in the provinces of and Oak-Orchard Swamps, and another deals with the Turin, Cuneo, and Port Maurizio is abolished. ese system of sewerage for the village of Peekskill, and these In Greece vessels from Tunis are subjected to a quarantine latter might justly form a type of the species of report which, ch five days’ observation. Lent of Vessels in our opinion, should issue from the engineering department arriving from Spanish ports are refused admittance connected with our Central Sanitary Board. From the in ports of Morocco. The same regulation is still maintained that hat of the we observe to some attached reports, diagrams regards vessels arriving from France, Italy, and Algeria. ted as From through-ventilation of house-drains is strongly advocated, Nice it is reported that the quarantine at the Var for ;ted but the arrangement of openings by which it is effected aws passengers arriving at that town from the East has been differs from that suggested in the annotated model bye-laws in use here, for the two openings are much on the same ame abolished. At Malta passengers coming from England are to make, both of carried to the means secured level, being by pipes before embarking, a statutory declaration that they have of the a house. A more certain way of ensuring through top ugh not been during twenty-one days immediately preceding current of fresh air would be to have the inlet opening ling their departure from England in any district on the Connearest to the house side of the drain-trap on the ground und infected by cholera. This declaration must be prolevel, the more distant one, or the outlet one, alone being tinent on arrival at Malta, otherwise passengers will not be carried above the house. So also, the sewer itself is venti3uti. duced to land and the vessel will be kept in quarantine. allowed lated by means of a pipe carried up above the house. WhathatThe infected districts are Italy, Spain, and France south of -ever advantages attach to this system, it could not beenen. forced here under the Public Health Act, which limits any Lyons. Arrivals from French and Spanish ports in the tbiic Atlantic will be subjected to twenty-one days’ quarantine. regulations as to ventilation &c. to house drains, the public Arrivals from ports beyond the Smz Canal are admitted to sewers not being included. pratique, provided no passengers or merchandise have been shipped at any ports in Egypt, in the Red Sea, or the Medi-
THE PROPOSED NEWBURY DISTRICT HOSPITAL. TAL. terranean. At Pernambuco vessels arriving from Europe are subjected a meeting of the general committee held last week, k, it to quarantine ranging in length from twenty-four hours to was decided to obtain plans for a hospital of eight beds, n for ten days. allowing 1200 cubic feet for each patient, with provision
At
an
extension to twelve beds.
At
Odessa and other Black
Sea and Sea of Azoff
ports,
REPORTS OF MEDICAL INSPECTORS.
quarantine of fourteen days is imposed on vessels arriving from Gibraltar. The quarantine in Algeria on arrivals from France has been reduced from seven to five full days. At Constantinople ten days’ quarantine has been applied to arrivals from the Spanish Mediterranean shore, in the same manner as to arrivals from France and Italy. Arrivals from Tunis have to perform five days’ quarantine at Turkish ports. WILLS OF MEDICAL MEN.
Parker, M.D., formerly of 25, Palmeira-square, Hove, Sussex, but late of 37, Pulteneystreet, Bath, who died on July 13th last, was proved on the 22nd ult. by Mrs. Eleanor Parker, the widow, THE will of William
Public Health
LOCAL GOVERNMENT
I REPORTS
___
I
-
Poor Law. DEPARTMENT.
OF INSPECTORS OF THE MEDICAL DEPARTMENT OF THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT BOARD.
Sanitary State of Gateshead, by Dr. BARRY.1-A volumireport has been issued by Dr. Barry on the sanitary state of the borough of Gateshead, and on the prevalence of infectious diseases in the district. After describing the district generally, as also from a topographical and geological point of view, Dr. Barry enters into details as to the streets and dwellings. Some description of the state of Gateshead, as given by the commissioners who reported on cholera there
nous
"
.
and
of the executors, the value of the personal estate exceeding 4400. The testator gives, devises, and bequeaths in 1854, shows that at that date the poorer parts of the town were built back-to-back, or that the back yards between all his real and personal estate to his wife absolutely. The will and codicil of Job Lockyer Seale, M.D., late them were so small that they served for little else than the of Ashton House, Steeple Ashton, Wilts, who died on July reception of accumulations of filth, that the narrow streets l7th last, were proved on the 3rd inst. by the Rev. Frederick were habitually dark, damp, and unwholesome, and that Samuel Seale, the son, one of the executors, the value of the they often constituted culs-de-sac ; or that narrow courts personal estate being over .64300. Tne testator bequeB.ths and entries were made to abut on undrained banks of a certain household furniture and effects, and an annuity of clayey soil. To all this was added what so usually follows 9130 for life or widowhood, to his wife Mrs. Marianne Seale; on house accommodation of this sort-namely, overcrowding, and remainder of his furniture and effects to his said son. filthy habits, and disease. Alterations and improvements have been made since that date, but it is still possible to The residue of his property is to be divided between his son’s report that there are districts where somewhat similar children. defects of house arrangements exist, the insanitary condi. The will of Mr. Frederick William Harris, retired tions being aggravated by the number and the size of the Surgeon-Major Bombay Army, formerly of Leigh Lodge, filth receptacles in the yards. A large number of houses are Leigh, Worcestershire, but late of Buckingham Lodge, divided off into what we call tenement houses, and these Vansittart-road, Torquay, who died on the 7th ult., was are at times situated around unpaved or badly paved proved on the 1st inst. by Mrs. Kate Harris, the widow and yards, into which slops are apparently thrown quite resole executrix, the value of the personal estate exceeding gardless of the position of the slop-sink, and conse. 2300. The testator gives, devises, and bequeaths all his real quently the ground is habitually sodden with filth. What and personal estate to his wife for her own absolute use and is especially needed in Gateshead is action under the benefit. Artisans and Labourers’ Dwellings Acts of 1875 to 1882, The will of Donald Cochrane Campbell, M.D., late of and the enforcement of proper bye-laws as to tenement Warley, Essex, who died on the 8th ult., was proved on the houses under Section 90 of the Public Health Act, 1875. lOth inst. by Mr. James William Copland, the acting The details given by Dr. Barry as to individual tenements executor, the value of the personal estate exceeding jE2500. are worthy of the notice of the Royal Commission on the The testator bequeaths j6100 and all his effects, hordes and Dwellings of the Poor. Thus of Riley’s house it is said :carriages, to his wife, Mrs. Jessie Euphemia Campbell. The Single room, ground floor ; capacity, 1720 cubic feet; six residue of his real and personal estate is to be held upon inmates, 286 cubic feet per head ; condition, filthy and wretched in the extreme ; typhus prevalent. The room trust for his wife for life and then for his children. The will of Mr. Thomas Wallis McDonald, Inspector above inhabited by another family, no furniture except a. General of Hospitals, R.N., late of Teignmouth, Devon, broken chair and a small straw heap in one corner covered who died on April 1st last, was proved at the Exeter district with a ragged quilt; typhus also." As regards Murray’syard a long description is given, and of the second storey it registry, on the 28th ult., by Mrs. Louisa McDonald, the is widow and sole executrix, to whom he devises and bequeaths explained that it is let off into two-roomed and one-roomed all his real and personal estate. The personal estate exceeds .tenements ; the third floor is similar, and the excrement and filth of the families in the upper rooms are kept in buckets in .?80. cupboards till full, and then emptied into the midden. The following legacies have recently been left to hospitals Several cases of typhus prevailed here in 1882. The general and other medical institutions :-Mr. Edwin Cox, late of arrangements for the disposal of excrement and refuse are 11, Rochester-terrace, Kentish-town, .6500 each to the unsatisfactory as regards the poorer classes, and the byerelating to this subject are, as so often is the case, such Royal Free Hospital, the City of London Truss Society, the laws and perpetuate the evils which need remedy. Hospital for Consumption and Diseases of the Chest at as to maintain instead of Thus, the Cancer Middlesex limiting the capacity of ashpits and middens Brompton, Hospital, Hospital, Westminster Hospital, Charing-cross Hospital, and St. by some maximum size which none shall exceed, the byesays that they shall not be less than a Mary’s Hospital.-Mrs. Rebecca Gray, widow of John law as to thisthe result being that huge receptacles for Charles Gray, late of the Strand and of Windsor, Berks, specified size, £ 1000 to the Charing-cross Hospital.-Mr. William James filth can be constructed in the midst of human dwellings. of the sewers and water-supply are next Patterson, late of Carlton-crescent, Southampton, £ 1000 to The conditions the Royal South Hants Infirmary; .65000 to the executive entered into in much detail, and then follows an elaboaccount of the mortality statistics. The population body of the same Infirmary to be called " the Patterson rate in 1883, the mean mortality for the Chaplain Fund," the income to be appropriated as a stipend is estimated at 69,620 for a chaplain, who is to be a member of the established ten years ending 1880 amounts to 26 1 per 1000, as opposed 24 0 and 21’4 for the twenty large towns, and for England Episcopal Church of England, and a graduate of one of the to universities of Oxford or Cambridge; .6500 to the Southampton as a whole, respectively, and the excess is shown to have been of the Dispensary and Humane Institution ; .6250 each to the mainly due to the epidemic prevalence of oae or other Royal Hospital for Incurables, Putney, and the National infectious fevers; small-pox, scarlatina, "fever," and also Hospital for the Paralysed and Epileptic, Queen-square, diarrhoea having largely contributed to it. All this is clearly Bloomsbury, and .6150 each to St. Mary’s Cottage Hospital, set out in a series of tables ; aud then reference is made to Southampton, and the Sanatorium, Bournemouth.-Mr. certain recent prevalences of typhus and small-pox, which J. J. Crosthwaite, £300 to St. Michael’s Hospital, not to were the immediate causes of the inquiry which has been the Children’s Hospital, and £100 to the Hospital for 1 To be purchased of Knight and Co., 90, Fleet-street; Shaw and Incurables.-The late Mr. John Walker (Preston), .62000 to Sons, Fetter-lane; Hadden, Best, and Co., West Harding-street; and the Preston Infirmary. P. S. King and Son, King-street, Westminster. one
’
565
564
THE BENEVOLENT FUND OF THE BRITISH DENTAL ASSOCIATION.
THE CHOLERA EPIDEMIC.
CHOLERA still clings with much tenacity to Naples and to IN the report of the annual meeting of the British Dental Spezia, S both of them towns where the sanitary circumstances Association at Edinburgh, which appeared in our issue of Sept. are a eminently favourable to the extension of a disease which fi its principal means of diffusion in conditions of excre. 6th, pressure on our space compelled us to omit the first annual finds report of the above Benevolent Fund,which was inaugurated nmental pollution. At Naples the diminution in the fatality, last year at Plymouth. The managing committee, through its which v commenced some ten days ago, is still steadily in John that Mr. the fund the more recent records showing that about 150 chairman, Tomes, reported wasprogress, p intended to be to the relief of d take deaths originally applied only place daily. In Spezia the severity of the epi. c necessitous members of the Association, their widows andL demic is liable to considerable fluctuations. Thus, on the orphans ; but, several most urgent cases having a1Ïsen during. 118th inst. the deaths were nine in number, next day they to thirty, now again they are reduced to seven and nine i the year, it became necessary to extend the field of usefulness, rose In the other parts of Italy previously infected no l day. and the rules as now amended permit of help being given to 3 a, t Imaterial outburst has taken place, but the diffusion of the any deserving cases of necessity, with the sole proviso that c in the province of Naples is considerable, and a fresh r disease the recipients must be registered dentists or the widows or that of Ascoli, is now reported as inr strict made. The treasurer of 1 province-namely, orphans such, inquiry being I At Rome another case has occurred, but it may be (Mr. A. J. Woodhouse) reported that the donations and1 fected. subscriptions promised and received amounted to j684:818s.,,,hoped that the means of isolation and other measures avail. Lt able will prevent any extension of the disease. In France and that relief had been administered to the extent of about the epidemic is more quiescent ; a few deaths occur almost e ,Í,120 in eight cases in all. Sir Edwin Saunders, one of the in Toulon and Marseilles, and at Perpignan, where and in said that i530 had been invested d daily Consols, trustees, the largest mortality is now maintained, five deaths a day are ithe vice-chairman, Mr. Dennant, explained that the com)f not unusual. As regards Spain, the contradictory statements mittee had no intention of pauperising those aided, but of as to whether cholera is really prevalent or not are still .e relieving " the distress of the widow, the helplessness of the rmaintained, but it is quite certain that the Government feel orphan, and the dire misfortune of sudden calamity overno hesitation upon the point, for they daily record the cholera ie taking a professional brother." Their desire was to help the .d deaths in the province of Alicante, and now also in that widows to earn their own living, and to find homes and of Tarragona, and they maintain by means of the troops a 10 education for the orphans. Mr. S. J. Hutchinson, who acted as honorary secretary (in the absence of Mr. Oakley ;y sanitary cordon round the places that are infected. The Coles), stated that a local committee for Scotland had been m extension of the disease into the province of Tarragona has formed by the Scottish Branch at this meeting, and that in taken place notwithstanding the cordon. On the subject of the two dental schools in London, and in that of Edinburgh, h. land quarantines it is noteworthy that Dr. Proust, the chief it was proposed to establish free scholarships in the event of French sanitary inspector, has reported that the extensions d, of cholera which have taken place, both into Italy and Spain, any of the pupils now being educated at the cost of the fund, ch of themselves suffice to show that quarantines in populous deserving free education at any of these hospitals, which would most likely be granted by the medical staff of districts are not only useless but that they become centres from which the disease diffuses itself. He now advocates, every dental school in the kingdom. in the place of these effete measures, the rigorous enforce. ment of measures of public health, coupled with proper medical inspection at certain centres along the principal REPORTS OF THE STATE BOARD OF lines of human traffic.
,
HEALTH OF NEW YORK.
___
QUARANTINE AND INFECTED PORTS.
A VALUABLE series of special reports has been issued by At Gibraltar quarantine on vessels arriving from Italy is the State Board of Health of New York, each report dealing 1139 4extended from seven to fourteen days, and all vessels arrivwith some one special subject, and being complete in itself Lf;ing ;i from Indian ports are subjected to twenty-four hours’ and in this respect they very much resemble the reports of ofIquarantine. All arrivals from Spanish ports are subjected the inspectors of the Medical Department of the Local cal to a quarantine of fourteen days, and all arrivals from the Government Board in this country. But they are by no Mediterranean ports of Spain are ordered to quit Gibraltar. Vessels from Naples are subjected to ten days’ quarantine means confined to medical subjects ; one, for example, gives ves in the rest of the continental littoral of Italy. of the Ida on the Tonawanda an exhaustive account drainage Quarantine at the frontier of Italy, in the provinces of and Oak-Orchard Swamps, and another deals with the Turin, Cuneo, and Port Maurizio is abolished. ese system of sewerage for the village of Peekskill, and these In Greece vessels from Tunis are subjected to a quarantine latter might justly form a type of the species of report which, ch five days’ observation. Lent of Vessels in our opinion, should issue from the engineering department arriving from Spanish ports are refused admittance connected with our Central Sanitary Board. From the in ports of Morocco. The same regulation is still maintained that hat of the we observe to some attached reports, diagrams regards vessels arriving from France, Italy, and Algeria. ted as From through-ventilation of house-drains is strongly advocated, Nice it is reported that the quarantine at the Var for ;ted but the arrangement of openings by which it is effected aws passengers arriving at that town from the East has been differs from that suggested in the annotated model bye-laws in use here, for the two openings are much on the same ame abolished. At Malta passengers coming from England are to make, both of carried to the means secured level, being by pipes before embarking, a statutory declaration that they have of the a house. A more certain way of ensuring through top ugh not been during twenty-one days immediately preceding current of fresh air would be to have the inlet opening ling their departure from England in any district on the Connearest to the house side of the drain-trap on the ground und infected by cholera. This declaration must be prolevel, the more distant one, or the outlet one, alone being tinent on arrival at Malta, otherwise passengers will not be carried above the house. So also, the sewer itself is venti3uti. duced to land and the vessel will be kept in quarantine. allowed lated by means of a pipe carried up above the house. WhathatThe infected districts are Italy, Spain, and France south of -ever advantages attach to this system, it could not beenen. forced here under the Public Health Act, which limits any Lyons. Arrivals from French and Spanish ports in the tbiic Atlantic will be subjected to twenty-one days’ quarantine. regulations as to ventilation &c. to house drains, the public Arrivals from ports beyond the Smz Canal are admitted to sewers not being included. pratique, provided no passengers or merchandise have been shipped at any ports in Egypt, in the Red Sea, or the Medi-
THE PROPOSED NEWBURY DISTRICT HOSPITAL. TAL. terranean. At Pernambuco vessels arriving from Europe are subjected a meeting of the general committee held last week, k, it to quarantine ranging in length from twenty-four hours to was decided to obtain plans for a hospital of eight beds, n for ten days. allowing 1200 cubic feet for each patient, with provision
At
an
extension to twelve beds.
At
Odessa and other Black
Sea and Sea of Azoff
ports,
REPORTS OF MEDICAL INSPECTORS.
quarantine of fourteen days is imposed on vessels arriving from Gibraltar. The quarantine in Algeria on arrivals from France has been reduced from seven to five full days. At Constantinople ten days’ quarantine has been applied to arrivals from the Spanish Mediterranean shore, in the same manner as to arrivals from France and Italy. Arrivals from Tunis have to perform five days’ quarantine at Turkish ports. WILLS OF MEDICAL MEN.
Parker, M.D., formerly of 25, Palmeira-square, Hove, Sussex, but late of 37, Pulteneystreet, Bath, who died on July 13th last, was proved on the 22nd ult. by Mrs. Eleanor Parker, the widow, THE will of William
Public Health
LOCAL GOVERNMENT
I REPORTS
___
I
-
Poor Law. DEPARTMENT.
OF INSPECTORS OF THE MEDICAL DEPARTMENT OF THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT BOARD.
Sanitary State of Gateshead, by Dr. BARRY.1-A volumireport has been issued by Dr. Barry on the sanitary state of the borough of Gateshead, and on the prevalence of infectious diseases in the district. After describing the district generally, as also from a topographical and geological point of view, Dr. Barry enters into details as to the streets and dwellings. Some description of the state of Gateshead, as given by the commissioners who reported on cholera there
nous
"
.
and
of the executors, the value of the personal estate exceeding 4400. The testator gives, devises, and bequeaths in 1854, shows that at that date the poorer parts of the town were built back-to-back, or that the back yards between all his real and personal estate to his wife absolutely. The will and codicil of Job Lockyer Seale, M.D., late them were so small that they served for little else than the of Ashton House, Steeple Ashton, Wilts, who died on July reception of accumulations of filth, that the narrow streets l7th last, were proved on the 3rd inst. by the Rev. Frederick were habitually dark, damp, and unwholesome, and that Samuel Seale, the son, one of the executors, the value of the they often constituted culs-de-sac ; or that narrow courts personal estate being over .64300. Tne testator bequeB.ths and entries were made to abut on undrained banks of a certain household furniture and effects, and an annuity of clayey soil. To all this was added what so usually follows 9130 for life or widowhood, to his wife Mrs. Marianne Seale; on house accommodation of this sort-namely, overcrowding, and remainder of his furniture and effects to his said son. filthy habits, and disease. Alterations and improvements have been made since that date, but it is still possible to The residue of his property is to be divided between his son’s report that there are districts where somewhat similar children. defects of house arrangements exist, the insanitary condi. The will of Mr. Frederick William Harris, retired tions being aggravated by the number and the size of the Surgeon-Major Bombay Army, formerly of Leigh Lodge, filth receptacles in the yards. A large number of houses are Leigh, Worcestershire, but late of Buckingham Lodge, divided off into what we call tenement houses, and these Vansittart-road, Torquay, who died on the 7th ult., was are at times situated around unpaved or badly paved proved on the 1st inst. by Mrs. Kate Harris, the widow and yards, into which slops are apparently thrown quite resole executrix, the value of the personal estate exceeding gardless of the position of the slop-sink, and conse. 2300. The testator gives, devises, and bequeaths all his real quently the ground is habitually sodden with filth. What and personal estate to his wife for her own absolute use and is especially needed in Gateshead is action under the benefit. Artisans and Labourers’ Dwellings Acts of 1875 to 1882, The will of Donald Cochrane Campbell, M.D., late of and the enforcement of proper bye-laws as to tenement Warley, Essex, who died on the 8th ult., was proved on the houses under Section 90 of the Public Health Act, 1875. lOth inst. by Mr. James William Copland, the acting The details given by Dr. Barry as to individual tenements executor, the value of the personal estate exceeding jE2500. are worthy of the notice of the Royal Commission on the The testator bequeaths j6100 and all his effects, hordes and Dwellings of the Poor. Thus of Riley’s house it is said :carriages, to his wife, Mrs. Jessie Euphemia Campbell. The Single room, ground floor ; capacity, 1720 cubic feet; six residue of his real and personal estate is to be held upon inmates, 286 cubic feet per head ; condition, filthy and wretched in the extreme ; typhus prevalent. The room trust for his wife for life and then for his children. The will of Mr. Thomas Wallis McDonald, Inspector above inhabited by another family, no furniture except a. General of Hospitals, R.N., late of Teignmouth, Devon, broken chair and a small straw heap in one corner covered who died on April 1st last, was proved at the Exeter district with a ragged quilt; typhus also." As regards Murray’syard a long description is given, and of the second storey it registry, on the 28th ult., by Mrs. Louisa McDonald, the is widow and sole executrix, to whom he devises and bequeaths explained that it is let off into two-roomed and one-roomed all his real and personal estate. The personal estate exceeds .tenements ; the third floor is similar, and the excrement and filth of the families in the upper rooms are kept in buckets in .?80. cupboards till full, and then emptied into the midden. The following legacies have recently been left to hospitals Several cases of typhus prevailed here in 1882. The general and other medical institutions :-Mr. Edwin Cox, late of arrangements for the disposal of excrement and refuse are 11, Rochester-terrace, Kentish-town, .6500 each to the unsatisfactory as regards the poorer classes, and the byerelating to this subject are, as so often is the case, such Royal Free Hospital, the City of London Truss Society, the laws and perpetuate the evils which need remedy. Hospital for Consumption and Diseases of the Chest at as to maintain instead of Thus, the Cancer Middlesex limiting the capacity of ashpits and middens Brompton, Hospital, Hospital, Westminster Hospital, Charing-cross Hospital, and St. by some maximum size which none shall exceed, the byesays that they shall not be less than a Mary’s Hospital.-Mrs. Rebecca Gray, widow of John law as to thisthe result being that huge receptacles for Charles Gray, late of the Strand and of Windsor, Berks, specified size, £ 1000 to the Charing-cross Hospital.-Mr. William James filth can be constructed in the midst of human dwellings. of the sewers and water-supply are next Patterson, late of Carlton-crescent, Southampton, £ 1000 to The conditions the Royal South Hants Infirmary; .65000 to the executive entered into in much detail, and then follows an elaboaccount of the mortality statistics. The population body of the same Infirmary to be called " the Patterson rate in 1883, the mean mortality for the Chaplain Fund," the income to be appropriated as a stipend is estimated at 69,620 for a chaplain, who is to be a member of the established ten years ending 1880 amounts to 26 1 per 1000, as opposed 24 0 and 21’4 for the twenty large towns, and for England Episcopal Church of England, and a graduate of one of the to universities of Oxford or Cambridge; .6500 to the Southampton as a whole, respectively, and the excess is shown to have been of the Dispensary and Humane Institution ; .6250 each to the mainly due to the epidemic prevalence of oae or other Royal Hospital for Incurables, Putney, and the National infectious fevers; small-pox, scarlatina, "fever," and also Hospital for the Paralysed and Epileptic, Queen-square, diarrhoea having largely contributed to it. All this is clearly Bloomsbury, and .6150 each to St. Mary’s Cottage Hospital, set out in a series of tables ; aud then reference is made to Southampton, and the Sanatorium, Bournemouth.-Mr. certain recent prevalences of typhus and small-pox, which J. J. Crosthwaite, £300 to St. Michael’s Hospital, not to were the immediate causes of the inquiry which has been the Children’s Hospital, and £100 to the Hospital for 1 To be purchased of Knight and Co., 90, Fleet-street; Shaw and Incurables.-The late Mr. John Walker (Preston), .62000 to Sons, Fetter-lane; Hadden, Best, and Co., West Harding-street; and the Preston Infirmary. P. S. King and Son, King-street, Westminster. one
’
565