288 THE CRANIAL NERVES
GNATHOLOGY
SAMII, M. & JANNETTA, P. J. (eds.): Anatomy - pathology - pathophysiology - diagnosis treatment. 664 pp., 410 figs. Springer-
HOCKE, J. L.: Orthopedic gnathology. Quintessenz Verlag, Berlin, Chicago, Tokyo.
Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York 1981. Cloth DM 180,-; ca. s 81.90. This volume is the written outcome of an international symposium on cranial nerves held in Hannover in June 1980. The participants were experts representing various fields and the book contains articles by anatomists, physiologists, neurophysiologists, neuropathologists, neurologists, neuroradiologists, neurosurgeons, ENT-surgeons, and plastic and reconstructive surgeons. Oral and maxillofacial surgery is not represented in this volume, though several cranial nerves are involved in this field. The discussion concerning trigeminal neuralgia and facial pain of different origin, particularly, would probably have benefitted if this profession had been included. Still, this volume can be recommended. A multidiciplinary field is presented in a condensed form, and the result is essential information on the topic of cranial nerves. Of special interest for our profession is the pathophysiology and the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia, Bells palsy, and reconstruction of the trigeminal (also lingual) and facial nerves. The etiology of trigeminal neuralgia is still an enigma. The two main aspects of a possible pathogenesis, the peripherial and the central locus, are discussed and both explanations seem acceptable. In recent years, considerable progress has been made on surgery of the cranial nerves, but most of this information is available only through scattered articles in various journals. A volume like this is therefore an effective and useful tool for professionals working with diseases and trauma in this region. HANS R. HAASNA3S Oslo, Norway
Orthopedic gnathology is a beautifully edited book from Quintessenz. Hackel and his co-authors have invested a lot of work in this publication, which is illustrated with excellent colour pictures. In the foreword, the author points out clearly the place of the "new" discipline, setting it in perspective with other dental specialities: "Orthopedic gnathology is a developing science but not in the traditional deductive sense, the orthopedic gnathologist being often directed by an intuitive sense based on a thorough understanding of organic occlusion". The goal of this "science" is to achieve this organic occlusion, as described by Stuart, using the Crozat appliance. The Crozat appliance, a removable functional device, was first introduced in 1919, but was not properly appreciated at that time by the orthodontic profession. In addition to chapters on the history, theories and mechanics of the Crozat appliance, attention is given to the nutrimental foundation of orthopaedic gnathology, cephalometric aspects and cranio-gnatic implications. A chapter on oral and myofunctional therapy is very well written and illustrated by W. A. Zickefoose, but the relation to the subject "orthopaedic gnathology" seems remote. Some difficulty is encountered in reviewing this book, the excellent presentation not being in accordance with the contents. The orthopedic gnathologist has all the answers for any problem; while on its own this is fine, but the constant depreciation of other dental disciplines is anachronistic. Where nowadays it is obvious that any dentist, orthodontist, oral surgeon etc., working within the dento-maxillar-complex, should be thoroughly informed about gnathological principles and about the fact that multidisciplinary collaboration is essen-