- Email: [email protected]
The effect of chlorinated insecticides on the accumulation of Neutral Red in the root hairs of corn (Zea mays) plants
Chemosphere No. 8, pp 499 - 501, 1977.
Pergamon Press.
THE EFFECT OF C~LORINATED
Printed in Great Britain.
INSECTICIDES ON THE
ACCU~.ULATION OF NEUTRAL RED IN THE ROOT HAIRS OF CORN (ZEA ~AYS) PLANTS Dorina C a c h i ~
- Cosma
Biological Research Centre Cluj - Napoca,
Romania
AI. Polizu Research Institute for Plant Protection Bucharest,Romania (Received in Germany l6 June1977; received in UK for publication 27 June 1977) The quantitative
determination of a vital dye absorbed in the absorption medi-
um (5,6) represents
one of the procedures
by which the absorption of the root
system is studied. This procedure was successfully used in studying the physiology of absorption in a number of plant s~ecies
~!,2,4,7).
Studies carried out by (3) showed that 2,4-dinitrophenol
~odifies the accumula-
tion of neutral red in the root hairs of corn seedlings. The present paper brings data on the influence of chlorinated
insecticides on
the accumulation of neutral red in the root hairs of corn seedlings. Material and methods Caryopses of the cross HD 311 were germinated in the laboratory,on filter paper disks in Linhard at 2o-24°C under natural light. The filter paper disks were uniformly treated with the testchemicals dissolved in acetone a n d , s u b s e ~ ently, were left uncovered so as to allow the evaporation of the solvent. The foolowing compounds were tested: - aldrin, 1,2,3,4,1o,lo hexachloro 1,4,4a,5,8,7a hexah2dro 1,4,5,8, endo-exodimethaninaphtalene - heptachlor 1,4,5,6,7,1o,io heptachlor 4,7,8,9 tetrahydro 4,7 methanoidene Duplitox, mixture (3:5) of lindane (gamma isomer of BHC):DDT (l,l,l-trichlor 2,2-his (4-chlorphenyl) ethane. The concentrations of the compounds on filter were as follows:aldrin 46o ug/cm~ hwptachlor Ioo ug/cm~and Duplitox 56o ug/cm . Seedlings were sampled 2,3,4 and 5 days after the beginning of the trial, and the roots were kept for 5 minutes in a water solution of neutral red dye at I/lo.ooo. The roots were then rinsed with tap water and dried on filter paper; longitudinal thin sections were cut from the area of root hairs 25o u in size. Photometric determinations were made on these sections at 549 nm wavelength using a MPE Leitz-Wetzlar microscope. The determination were carried out on cells showing protoplasmic currents; 15o photometric reddings per experimental variant were made°
499
500
No. 8
Results
and discussions
The averages
of the photometric
fferent
variants,
sidered
as loo~.
were
related
determinations, to the values
The percentahes
included
i.e.
the extinctions
recorded
in the check variant
in the graph show a modification dye accumulation hairs
conin
in the root
of corn plants
the effects
y.
of the di-
due to
of the chlorina~
con~pol
tO0
ted ccmpounds ~jermination
.,90-
observed
80-
afF]ied
to the
substrate.It
was
that dye accumula-
tion in hairs vacuoles
is de-
?8. oendent
,,j
60.
/i
;J
on the substance
tes-
ted.
cJ
~0
Dwing the first
two days of
ij
germination,the
accumulation
l If
of the dye in the cell
rj
40.
OO 20. YO23q~
aldP/b
23#g
he.o¢:chloP
les was diminisched cases,and the case
in all
particular
ly in
of Duplitox
in whidn
2 3 # ~ days
it was dimunished
duDI/~ox
the case of heptachlor aldrin
vauo-
by 7o~;in
it was reduced
and by 5o%
and 2o~,respectivelv. It should be,however,mentioned
that on filter
paper the concentration
of the substan-
ce was not the same. Similarly, hanced
the growth-inhibiting
of the substances
during the first 2 to 3 days after germination.
was a reduction cides.
effect
in cell susceptibility
This resulted
As the plants
to the inhibiting
either from the metabolization
tested was more en-
effect
grew there
of the insecti-
of the substances
cell,or from the fact that under these new conditions
the cells
became
in the adapted.
No. 8
5Ol
It is an establishod fact that the penetration and accumulation substances
of water or
in the root hairs depends mainly on the permeability level of the
hair cell membranes and on the metabolism. This allowed us to assume that the substances tested induce a change in hair permeability and, subsequently,
also in plant metabolism in relation with the
structure of the compound tested. Our studies are now in progress.
Literature I) 2) 3) 4)
Cachi+~a-Cosma,rorina (1969) Studii §i Cerc.~ol.ser. Bot.21.1. 53-59. Cachi~a-Cosma,I:orina (197o) Fhysiol.Plant.(Rom.) 131-134. Lazar G., boran V., Coste T. (1968) Z . P f l a n z e n p h 3 ~ 9 . 1-6. ~arki A., Cachi~a-Cosma~Dorina (1968) ~tudi[ ~i cerc.Siol.ser~Bot.2o.5o 449-475. 5) Pop E., Soran V., Cosma,Dorina (].961) $t udii ~i Cerc.Biol.(Cluj) 1.12.61-72 6) Soran ~., Cosma,Lorina (1962) $tudia Univ.nabelj-~ol~ai Cluj (Romania) 6er. BioZogie Fasc.1. 75-8'7. 7) Soran Vo, Lazar G. (]97~S]--Physiol.Plant. (~om.) 18. 329-336.
Pergamon Press.
THE EFFECT OF C~LORINATED
Printed in Great Britain.
INSECTICIDES ON THE
ACCU~.ULATION OF NEUTRAL RED IN THE ROOT HAIRS OF CORN (ZEA ~AYS) PLANTS Dorina C a c h i ~
- Cosma
Biological Research Centre Cluj - Napoca,
Romania
AI. Polizu Research Institute for Plant Protection Bucharest,Romania (Received in Germany l6 June1977; received in UK for publication 27 June 1977) The quantitative
determination of a vital dye absorbed in the absorption medi-
um (5,6) represents
one of the procedures
by which the absorption of the root
system is studied. This procedure was successfully used in studying the physiology of absorption in a number of plant s~ecies
~!,2,4,7).
Studies carried out by (3) showed that 2,4-dinitrophenol
~odifies the accumula-
tion of neutral red in the root hairs of corn seedlings. The present paper brings data on the influence of chlorinated
insecticides on
the accumulation of neutral red in the root hairs of corn seedlings. Material and methods Caryopses of the cross HD 311 were germinated in the laboratory,on filter paper disks in Linhard at 2o-24°C under natural light. The filter paper disks were uniformly treated with the testchemicals dissolved in acetone a n d , s u b s e ~ ently, were left uncovered so as to allow the evaporation of the solvent. The foolowing compounds were tested: - aldrin, 1,2,3,4,1o,lo hexachloro 1,4,4a,5,8,7a hexah2dro 1,4,5,8, endo-exodimethaninaphtalene - heptachlor 1,4,5,6,7,1o,io heptachlor 4,7,8,9 tetrahydro 4,7 methanoidene Duplitox, mixture (3:5) of lindane (gamma isomer of BHC):DDT (l,l,l-trichlor 2,2-his (4-chlorphenyl) ethane. The concentrations of the compounds on filter were as follows:aldrin 46o ug/cm~ hwptachlor Ioo ug/cm~and Duplitox 56o ug/cm . Seedlings were sampled 2,3,4 and 5 days after the beginning of the trial, and the roots were kept for 5 minutes in a water solution of neutral red dye at I/lo.ooo. The roots were then rinsed with tap water and dried on filter paper; longitudinal thin sections were cut from the area of root hairs 25o u in size. Photometric determinations were made on these sections at 549 nm wavelength using a MPE Leitz-Wetzlar microscope. The determination were carried out on cells showing protoplasmic currents; 15o photometric reddings per experimental variant were made°
499
500
No. 8
Results
and discussions
The averages
of the photometric
fferent
variants,
sidered
as loo~.
were
related
determinations, to the values
The percentahes
included
i.e.
the extinctions
recorded
in the check variant
in the graph show a modification dye accumulation hairs
conin
in the root
of corn plants
the effects
y.
of the di-
due to
of the chlorina~
con~pol
tO0
ted ccmpounds ~jermination
.,90-
observed
80-
afF]ied
to the
substrate.It
was
that dye accumula-
tion in hairs vacuoles
is de-
?8. oendent
,,j
60.
/i
;J
on the substance
tes-
ted.
cJ
~0
Dwing the first
two days of
ij
germination,the
accumulation
l If
of the dye in the cell
rj
40.
OO 20. YO23q~
aldP/b
23#g
he.o¢:chloP
les was diminisched cases,and the case
in all
particular
ly in
of Duplitox
in whidn
2 3 # ~ days
it was dimunished
duDI/~ox
the case of heptachlor aldrin
vauo-
by 7o~;in
it was reduced
and by 5o%
and 2o~,respectivelv. It should be,however,mentioned
that on filter
paper the concentration
of the substan-
ce was not the same. Similarly, hanced
the growth-inhibiting
of the substances
during the first 2 to 3 days after germination.
was a reduction cides.
effect
in cell susceptibility
This resulted
As the plants
to the inhibiting
either from the metabolization
tested was more en-
effect
grew there
of the insecti-
of the substances
cell,or from the fact that under these new conditions
the cells
became
in the adapted.
No. 8
5Ol
It is an establishod fact that the penetration and accumulation substances
of water or
in the root hairs depends mainly on the permeability level of the
hair cell membranes and on the metabolism. This allowed us to assume that the substances tested induce a change in hair permeability and, subsequently,
also in plant metabolism in relation with the
structure of the compound tested. Our studies are now in progress.
Literature I) 2) 3) 4)
Cachi+~a-Cosma,rorina (1969) Studii §i Cerc.~ol.ser. Bot.21.1. 53-59. Cachi~a-Cosma,I:orina (197o) Fhysiol.Plant.(Rom.) 131-134. Lazar G., boran V., Coste T. (1968) Z . P f l a n z e n p h 3 ~ 9 . 1-6. ~arki A., Cachi~a-Cosma~Dorina (1968) ~tudi[ ~i cerc.Siol.ser~Bot.2o.5o 449-475. 5) Pop E., Soran V., Cosma,Dorina (].961) $t udii ~i Cerc.Biol.(Cluj) 1.12.61-72 6) Soran ~., Cosma,Lorina (1962) $tudia Univ.nabelj-~ol~ai Cluj (Romania) 6er. BioZogie Fasc.1. 75-8'7. 7) Soran Vo, Lazar G. (]97~S]--Physiol.Plant. (~om.) 18. 329-336.