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The effectiveness of argon laser irradiation of pumiced and etched enamel on decalcification during orthodontic treatment: an in vivo study
682 Reviews and Abstracts
A comparison of the effects of different wavelengths of argon laser irradiation on the solubility of human enamel: an in vitro study Bradley F. Kendzior, DDS, MS Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown
Decalcification around orthodontic appliances is an ongoing problem during orthodontic treatment. Argon laser irradiation has been shown to decrease the solubility of enamel. The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the length of time necessary to create lesions of adequate depth, an intact surface zone, and a distinct body of the lesion zone; (2) determine if different wavelengths of argon laser irradiation (457-501 nm and 457-514 nm) of nonpumiced and nonetched enamel provide different levels of resistance to demineralization; and (3) determine if different wavelengths of argon laser irradiation (457-501 nm and 457-514 nm) of pumiced and etched enamel provide different levels of resistance to demineralization. Time periods of 48 and 60 hours were investigated to determine which would produce the specified lesion criteria. The samples were suspended in Ten Cate solution for the appropriate time periods, thinned to 100 µm, and examined under polarized light microscopy. Results showed that an exposure time of 48 hours to buffered acidic solution (Ten Cate) was adequate to produce lesions according to the stated criteria. Two different lasers were used to determine if wavelength made a difference in resistance of pumiced and etched enamel and nonpumiced and nonetched enamel to acidic attack. The lasers provided a 457-501 nm wavelength and a 457-514 nm wavelength. Samples were exposed to Ten Cate buffered acidic solution for 48 hours, thinned, and examined under polarized microscopy. The results showed that different wavelengths of argon laser irradiation did not provide different levels of protection against acidic attack to pumiced and etched enamel when compared with nonpumiced and nonetched enamel. 0889-5406/2001/$35.00 + 0 8/3/118936 doi:10.1067/mod.2001.118936
The effectiveness of argon laser irradiation of pumiced and etched enamel on decalcification during orthodontic treatment: an in vivo study Anissa Monseau Anderson, DDS, MS Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown
Enamel decalcification is a significant problem in orthodontic patients. Orthodontic appliances complicate the removal of food debris and plaque. Decalcification is caused in part by dental plaque. Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus species levels increase in the oral cavity after the
American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics December 2001
placement of orthodontic appliances. The argon laser has been shown to reduce decalcification during an acidic challenge in vitro. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of argon laser irradiation on the decalcification of pumiced and etched enamel under banded teeth during orthodontic treatment in vivo. Eight volunteers who planned to have 4 first-bicuspid extractions for orthodontic treatment were enrolled. Each of the participants’ 4 bicuspids was assigned to 1 of 4 groups. The treatment for group 1 (control) included placement of a specially designed band that allowed for collecting plaque on the facial surface of the tooth. The treatment for group 2 (pumice-lase) included pumicing the teeth with fluoride-free pumice for 3 seconds, rinsing, drying, and lasing (325 mW, 5 mm-diameter beam, 60 second exposure time). The specially designed band was placed after treatment. The treatment for group 3 (pumice-etch-lase) involved pumicing as for group 2, acid etching for 30 seconds, rinsing, drying, and lasing as above. The specially designed band was placed after treatment. The treatment for group 4 (lase only) included lasing as above and placement of the specially designed band. The bands remained in place for 5 weeks. After extraction, the teeth were sectioned and examined under polarized light microscopy. Images of lesions were digitally analyzed and measured. Average lesion depths were calculated from 3 depth measurements recorded 10 µm apart. Average lesion area was calculated with the aid of imaging analysis software. Statistical analysis was performed with analysis of variance (P ≤ .05). Paired comparisons were made between the groups in addition to maxillary and mandibular teeth and right-side and left-side teeth. Significant differences in lesion depth and area were found between the 4 test groups. In the lase-only group, the average lesion depths were reduced by 94.1%, and the average lesion area was reduced by 94.4% when compared with the control group. In the pumice-etch-lase group, the average lesion depths were reduced by 89.1%, and the average lesion area was reduced by 92.2% when compared with the control group. There were no significant differences between the maxillary mandibular teeth and the right-side and left-side teeth. Argon laser irradiation is effective in reducing enamel decalcification during orthodontic treatment in vivo. 0889-5406/2001/$35.00 + 0 8/3/118935 doi:10.1067/mod.2001.118935
ARTICLE REVIEWS
Patient satisfaction following orthognathic surgical correction of skeletal Class III malocclusion Yan Heng Zhou, Urban Hägg, and A. Bakr M. Rabie International Journal of Adult Orthodontics and Orthognathic Surgery 2001;16:99-107
This study was designed to assess the psychological and functional effects of orthognathic surgical correction on 140
A comparison of the effects of different wavelengths of argon laser irradiation on the solubility of human enamel: an in vitro study Bradley F. Kendzior, DDS, MS Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown
Decalcification around orthodontic appliances is an ongoing problem during orthodontic treatment. Argon laser irradiation has been shown to decrease the solubility of enamel. The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the length of time necessary to create lesions of adequate depth, an intact surface zone, and a distinct body of the lesion zone; (2) determine if different wavelengths of argon laser irradiation (457-501 nm and 457-514 nm) of nonpumiced and nonetched enamel provide different levels of resistance to demineralization; and (3) determine if different wavelengths of argon laser irradiation (457-501 nm and 457-514 nm) of pumiced and etched enamel provide different levels of resistance to demineralization. Time periods of 48 and 60 hours were investigated to determine which would produce the specified lesion criteria. The samples were suspended in Ten Cate solution for the appropriate time periods, thinned to 100 µm, and examined under polarized light microscopy. Results showed that an exposure time of 48 hours to buffered acidic solution (Ten Cate) was adequate to produce lesions according to the stated criteria. Two different lasers were used to determine if wavelength made a difference in resistance of pumiced and etched enamel and nonpumiced and nonetched enamel to acidic attack. The lasers provided a 457-501 nm wavelength and a 457-514 nm wavelength. Samples were exposed to Ten Cate buffered acidic solution for 48 hours, thinned, and examined under polarized microscopy. The results showed that different wavelengths of argon laser irradiation did not provide different levels of protection against acidic attack to pumiced and etched enamel when compared with nonpumiced and nonetched enamel. 0889-5406/2001/$35.00 + 0 8/3/118936 doi:10.1067/mod.2001.118936
The effectiveness of argon laser irradiation of pumiced and etched enamel on decalcification during orthodontic treatment: an in vivo study Anissa Monseau Anderson, DDS, MS Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown
Enamel decalcification is a significant problem in orthodontic patients. Orthodontic appliances complicate the removal of food debris and plaque. Decalcification is caused in part by dental plaque. Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus species levels increase in the oral cavity after the
American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics December 2001
placement of orthodontic appliances. The argon laser has been shown to reduce decalcification during an acidic challenge in vitro. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of argon laser irradiation on the decalcification of pumiced and etched enamel under banded teeth during orthodontic treatment in vivo. Eight volunteers who planned to have 4 first-bicuspid extractions for orthodontic treatment were enrolled. Each of the participants’ 4 bicuspids was assigned to 1 of 4 groups. The treatment for group 1 (control) included placement of a specially designed band that allowed for collecting plaque on the facial surface of the tooth. The treatment for group 2 (pumice-lase) included pumicing the teeth with fluoride-free pumice for 3 seconds, rinsing, drying, and lasing (325 mW, 5 mm-diameter beam, 60 second exposure time). The specially designed band was placed after treatment. The treatment for group 3 (pumice-etch-lase) involved pumicing as for group 2, acid etching for 30 seconds, rinsing, drying, and lasing as above. The specially designed band was placed after treatment. The treatment for group 4 (lase only) included lasing as above and placement of the specially designed band. The bands remained in place for 5 weeks. After extraction, the teeth were sectioned and examined under polarized light microscopy. Images of lesions were digitally analyzed and measured. Average lesion depths were calculated from 3 depth measurements recorded 10 µm apart. Average lesion area was calculated with the aid of imaging analysis software. Statistical analysis was performed with analysis of variance (P ≤ .05). Paired comparisons were made between the groups in addition to maxillary and mandibular teeth and right-side and left-side teeth. Significant differences in lesion depth and area were found between the 4 test groups. In the lase-only group, the average lesion depths were reduced by 94.1%, and the average lesion area was reduced by 94.4% when compared with the control group. In the pumice-etch-lase group, the average lesion depths were reduced by 89.1%, and the average lesion area was reduced by 92.2% when compared with the control group. There were no significant differences between the maxillary mandibular teeth and the right-side and left-side teeth. Argon laser irradiation is effective in reducing enamel decalcification during orthodontic treatment in vivo. 0889-5406/2001/$35.00 + 0 8/3/118935 doi:10.1067/mod.2001.118935
ARTICLE REVIEWS
Patient satisfaction following orthognathic surgical correction of skeletal Class III malocclusion Yan Heng Zhou, Urban Hägg, and A. Bakr M. Rabie International Journal of Adult Orthodontics and Orthognathic Surgery 2001;16:99-107
This study was designed to assess the psychological and functional effects of orthognathic surgical correction on 140