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The Effectiveness of Simple Nutrition Education Messages on Dietary Intake in African American College Students
TUESDAY, OCTOBER 2
POSTER SESSION: WELLNESS AND PUBLIC HEALTH Title: MEASURES OF OBESITY AND PERCEPTION OF TOOTH CONDITION IN ADULTS Author(s): K. M. Tharp,1 J. J. Warren,1 T. A. Marshall,1 A. M. Stromquist,2 J. A. Merchant3; 1Preventive and Community Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 2Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 3College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA Learning Outcome: To discuss the evidence of relationships between tooth condition, body mass index, and waist circumference
Title: THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SIMPLE NUTRITION EDUCATION MESSAGES ON DIETARY INTAKE IN AFRICAN AMERICAN COLLEGE STUDENTS Author(s): P. Inserra,1 J. Ferguson,1 K. Wong,1 R. Sedjo2; 1 Agriculture and Human Eclogy, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA, 2University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora, CO Learning Outcome: To determine if short-term nutrition education can increase calcium intake or breakfast consumption in African American College Students
Text: The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between measures of adult obesity and reported tooth condition. A crosssectional analysis was conducted on Round 2 data from the Keokuk County Rural Health Study (KCRHS), a cohort study of 1,000 rural Iowa households. From 1999 to 2004, adults completed physical examinations and oral health questionnaires assessing perception of tooth condition (excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor). Physical examinations included measurement of height, weight, and waist circumference. Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated from measured height and weight. Waist circumference was dichotomized as high for females greater than 88cm, and 102cm for males. Multiple logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratios (OR), adjusted OR, and their confidence intervals. Of the KCRHS participants, 1405 adults completed both the oral health questionnaire and physical examinations. Twenty-six percent of adults reported their tooth condition as fair or poor. Forty-one percent of KCRHS participants were obese and 59% had a high waist circumference. In adults of all ages, high waist circumference was significantly associated with fair or poor perceived tooth condition (OR⫽1.2, p⫽.02). The relationship remained after adjusting for age, gender, last dental visit, income, and smoking. BMI was not associated with tooth condition. These findings indicate that modifiable lifestyle habits associated with abdominal adiposity could affect tooth condition. Further research examining dietary habits such as types and amounts of sugar consumed, frequency and length of sugar exposure, and clinical dental exam data is warranted to more fully assess the association.
Text: Studies have demonstrated African Americans (AA) do not meet the DRI for calcium (Ca), USDA Dietary Guidelines for dairy, and are less likely to consume breakfast than Caucasians. This is attributed to the high prevalence of lactose maldigestion observed among AA. Our aim was to determine if simple nutrition education messages (NEM) could increase Ca intake and/or breakfast consumption in AA college students (CS). Twenty-four hour dietary recalls were obtained from Virginia State University (VSU) students at baseline and after calcium and breakfast NEM. The recalls were administered by dietetic students after informed consents were obtained. The educational intervention was administered through table tents (TT) and campus radio (R) for one month. Recalls were obtained from 750 subjects at baseline time points. The average age of participants was 20.0 years, 91.6% reported AA ethnicity, 62.2% female and 60.7% indicated the recall was typical of usual intake. At baseline, average calorie consumption was 1723 and %calorie from carbohydrate, protein, fat and saturated fat were 47.8, 15.8, 37.6 and 11.3, respectively. 27% reported exposure to one Ca message (22% TT and 8% R). Average Ca intake was 569.5 mg and no significant increase occurred after education. Average intake of Fiber (9.6g), Vitamin A (410g), Vitamin C (76mg), Vitamin E (5.0mg), Folate (295g), Magnesium (169mg) and Zinc (8mg) were all inadequate. Results for the effectiveness of the breakfast intervention are pending. AACS fail to meet the DRI for several key nutrients. Future research should focus on the effectiveness of alternate NEM in AACS.
Funding Disclosure: CDC/NIOSH Grant# U50 OH07548
Funding Disclosure: None
Title: DEVELOPMENT OF A NUTRIENT DATABASE ON OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS TO BE USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH A FOOD QUESTIONNAIRE IN CASE-CONTROL STUDIES ON PROSTATE CANCER
Title: CEREAL CONSUMPTION RELATED TO WAIST-TOHEIGHT RATIO AND TOTAL CHOLESTEROL IN ADOLESCENT GIRLS: THE NATIONAL HEART, LUNG AND BLOOD INSTITUTE GROWTH AND HEALTH STUDY (NGHS)
Author(s): A. R. Johnson, J. Radcliffe; Nutrition, Texas Woman’s University, Houston, TX
Author(s): A. L. Eldridge,1 D. R. Thompson,2 A. M. Albertson1; 1 Bell Institute of Health & Nutrition, General Mills, Minneapolis, MN, 2Maryland Medical Research Institute, Baltimore, MD
Learning Outcome: To become aware of the use of a food frequency questionnaire in conjunction with a nutrient database as a means of estimating the intake and leading dietary sources of three omega-3 fatty acids in case-control studies on prostate cancer. Text: For men, prostate cancer (PCa) is the most commonly occurring cancer in the U.S. and is the second leading cause of cancer deaths. Epidemiological studies suggest that omega-3 fatty acids may affect the development of PCa, with alphalinolenic acid (ALA) increasing risk and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) decreasing risk. However, studies in this area are limited. To facilitate further studies, using case-control designs, values for omega-3 fatty acids (obtained from the U.S. Department of Agriculture Standard Release 18) were added to a nutrient database to be used in conjunction with a 200-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The best sources of ALA were flaxseed, walnuts, and vegetable oils, whereas the best sources of both EPA and DHA were fatty fish (such as salmon), crab, and shrimp. Use of this FFQ will allow intake of omega-3 fatty acids to be determined and to identify the contribution of foods rich in these fatty acids towards total intake. Funding Disclosure: Human Nutrition Research Fund, Texas Woman’s University
Learning Outcome: Increase awareness of waist-to-height ratio and cholesterol as health outcome measures related to cereal consumption patterns in adolescent girls Text: Research Outcome: Emerging research suggests that waist-to-height ratio is perhaps a better predictor of health and disease outcomes than BMI. High waist-to-height ratio is predictive of negative health outcomes. Total cholesterol is another potentially useful outcome variable and may be a more direct indicator of cardiovascular disease risk than is BMI or waist/height ratio. Previous research has shown cereal consumption to be significantly predictive of lower BMI in this population. Methods: This analysis examined associations between cereal consumption, waist-to-height ratio and total cholesterol in the National Growth and Health Study (NGHS), a longitudinal biracial observational cohort of adolescent girls. Mixed models were used to estimate the association of cereal consumption with these outcomes. Results: Models adjusting for site and demographic variables showed a significant mean decrease in waist-to-height ratio by days of eating cereal (out of 3 possible during each visit) (p⫽0.002). In a similar model, eating cereal more days was associated with lower total cholesterol (p⫽0.03) in the NGHS population. Conclusion: Cereal consumption may play an important role in helping adolescent girls maintain a healthy waist/height ratio and improve total cholesterol levels. Funding Disclosure: Corporate -- General Mills
A-106 / August 2007 Suppl 3—Abstracts Volume 107 Number 8
POSTER SESSION: WELLNESS AND PUBLIC HEALTH Title: MEASURES OF OBESITY AND PERCEPTION OF TOOTH CONDITION IN ADULTS Author(s): K. M. Tharp,1 J. J. Warren,1 T. A. Marshall,1 A. M. Stromquist,2 J. A. Merchant3; 1Preventive and Community Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 2Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 3College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA Learning Outcome: To discuss the evidence of relationships between tooth condition, body mass index, and waist circumference
Title: THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SIMPLE NUTRITION EDUCATION MESSAGES ON DIETARY INTAKE IN AFRICAN AMERICAN COLLEGE STUDENTS Author(s): P. Inserra,1 J. Ferguson,1 K. Wong,1 R. Sedjo2; 1 Agriculture and Human Eclogy, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA, 2University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora, CO Learning Outcome: To determine if short-term nutrition education can increase calcium intake or breakfast consumption in African American College Students
Text: The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between measures of adult obesity and reported tooth condition. A crosssectional analysis was conducted on Round 2 data from the Keokuk County Rural Health Study (KCRHS), a cohort study of 1,000 rural Iowa households. From 1999 to 2004, adults completed physical examinations and oral health questionnaires assessing perception of tooth condition (excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor). Physical examinations included measurement of height, weight, and waist circumference. Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated from measured height and weight. Waist circumference was dichotomized as high for females greater than 88cm, and 102cm for males. Multiple logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratios (OR), adjusted OR, and their confidence intervals. Of the KCRHS participants, 1405 adults completed both the oral health questionnaire and physical examinations. Twenty-six percent of adults reported their tooth condition as fair or poor. Forty-one percent of KCRHS participants were obese and 59% had a high waist circumference. In adults of all ages, high waist circumference was significantly associated with fair or poor perceived tooth condition (OR⫽1.2, p⫽.02). The relationship remained after adjusting for age, gender, last dental visit, income, and smoking. BMI was not associated with tooth condition. These findings indicate that modifiable lifestyle habits associated with abdominal adiposity could affect tooth condition. Further research examining dietary habits such as types and amounts of sugar consumed, frequency and length of sugar exposure, and clinical dental exam data is warranted to more fully assess the association.
Text: Studies have demonstrated African Americans (AA) do not meet the DRI for calcium (Ca), USDA Dietary Guidelines for dairy, and are less likely to consume breakfast than Caucasians. This is attributed to the high prevalence of lactose maldigestion observed among AA. Our aim was to determine if simple nutrition education messages (NEM) could increase Ca intake and/or breakfast consumption in AA college students (CS). Twenty-four hour dietary recalls were obtained from Virginia State University (VSU) students at baseline and after calcium and breakfast NEM. The recalls were administered by dietetic students after informed consents were obtained. The educational intervention was administered through table tents (TT) and campus radio (R) for one month. Recalls were obtained from 750 subjects at baseline time points. The average age of participants was 20.0 years, 91.6% reported AA ethnicity, 62.2% female and 60.7% indicated the recall was typical of usual intake. At baseline, average calorie consumption was 1723 and %calorie from carbohydrate, protein, fat and saturated fat were 47.8, 15.8, 37.6 and 11.3, respectively. 27% reported exposure to one Ca message (22% TT and 8% R). Average Ca intake was 569.5 mg and no significant increase occurred after education. Average intake of Fiber (9.6g), Vitamin A (410g), Vitamin C (76mg), Vitamin E (5.0mg), Folate (295g), Magnesium (169mg) and Zinc (8mg) were all inadequate. Results for the effectiveness of the breakfast intervention are pending. AACS fail to meet the DRI for several key nutrients. Future research should focus on the effectiveness of alternate NEM in AACS.
Funding Disclosure: CDC/NIOSH Grant# U50 OH07548
Funding Disclosure: None
Title: DEVELOPMENT OF A NUTRIENT DATABASE ON OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS TO BE USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH A FOOD QUESTIONNAIRE IN CASE-CONTROL STUDIES ON PROSTATE CANCER
Title: CEREAL CONSUMPTION RELATED TO WAIST-TOHEIGHT RATIO AND TOTAL CHOLESTEROL IN ADOLESCENT GIRLS: THE NATIONAL HEART, LUNG AND BLOOD INSTITUTE GROWTH AND HEALTH STUDY (NGHS)
Author(s): A. R. Johnson, J. Radcliffe; Nutrition, Texas Woman’s University, Houston, TX
Author(s): A. L. Eldridge,1 D. R. Thompson,2 A. M. Albertson1; 1 Bell Institute of Health & Nutrition, General Mills, Minneapolis, MN, 2Maryland Medical Research Institute, Baltimore, MD
Learning Outcome: To become aware of the use of a food frequency questionnaire in conjunction with a nutrient database as a means of estimating the intake and leading dietary sources of three omega-3 fatty acids in case-control studies on prostate cancer. Text: For men, prostate cancer (PCa) is the most commonly occurring cancer in the U.S. and is the second leading cause of cancer deaths. Epidemiological studies suggest that omega-3 fatty acids may affect the development of PCa, with alphalinolenic acid (ALA) increasing risk and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) decreasing risk. However, studies in this area are limited. To facilitate further studies, using case-control designs, values for omega-3 fatty acids (obtained from the U.S. Department of Agriculture Standard Release 18) were added to a nutrient database to be used in conjunction with a 200-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The best sources of ALA were flaxseed, walnuts, and vegetable oils, whereas the best sources of both EPA and DHA were fatty fish (such as salmon), crab, and shrimp. Use of this FFQ will allow intake of omega-3 fatty acids to be determined and to identify the contribution of foods rich in these fatty acids towards total intake. Funding Disclosure: Human Nutrition Research Fund, Texas Woman’s University
Learning Outcome: Increase awareness of waist-to-height ratio and cholesterol as health outcome measures related to cereal consumption patterns in adolescent girls Text: Research Outcome: Emerging research suggests that waist-to-height ratio is perhaps a better predictor of health and disease outcomes than BMI. High waist-to-height ratio is predictive of negative health outcomes. Total cholesterol is another potentially useful outcome variable and may be a more direct indicator of cardiovascular disease risk than is BMI or waist/height ratio. Previous research has shown cereal consumption to be significantly predictive of lower BMI in this population. Methods: This analysis examined associations between cereal consumption, waist-to-height ratio and total cholesterol in the National Growth and Health Study (NGHS), a longitudinal biracial observational cohort of adolescent girls. Mixed models were used to estimate the association of cereal consumption with these outcomes. Results: Models adjusting for site and demographic variables showed a significant mean decrease in waist-to-height ratio by days of eating cereal (out of 3 possible during each visit) (p⫽0.002). In a similar model, eating cereal more days was associated with lower total cholesterol (p⫽0.03) in the NGHS population. Conclusion: Cereal consumption may play an important role in helping adolescent girls maintain a healthy waist/height ratio and improve total cholesterol levels. Funding Disclosure: Corporate -- General Mills
A-106 / August 2007 Suppl 3—Abstracts Volume 107 Number 8