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The effects of a six week scapular muscle exercise programme on the muscle activity of the scapular rotators in tennis players with shoulder impingement—A pilot study
ARTICLE IN PRESS 172
Conference Proceedings / Physical Therapy in Sport 7 (2006) 171–180
exercises have been recommended in the treatment of this condition. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of single joint quadriceps exercises (SJQE) with multiple joint quadriceps exercises (MJQE) in the rehabilitation of patients with anterior knee pain. Forty five male subjects with anterior knee pain were randomly assigned into one of three groups. Group 1: SJQE performed seated knee extension exercises, group 2: MJQE performed seated leg press exercises and group 3 was the control group receiving no treatment. Both exercise groups trained for 4 sets with 13 repetitions (maximum) three times per week for 6 weeks. The loads lifted were adjusted according to the DAPRE principle. Pain scores (visual analogue scale) during isometric quadriceps contraction and a single step ascent and descent, isometric quadriceps strength and a functional questionnaire (Kujala questionnaire score) were evaluated on initial examination and at the end of the 6 week treatment period. Both exercise groups demonstrated statistically significant decreases in pain, and increased quadriceps strength and functional performance compared with the control group (po0:003). The control group had a significant reduction in functionality p ¼ 0:03. The subjects in the MJQE group showed greater improvements compared to those in the SJQE group but the differences were not statistically significant. This study demonstrates that both single and multiple joint quadriceps exercises can significantly improve anterior knee pain patient’s pain, strength and functional status over a 6 week training period, but neither exercise protocol was statistically superior.
Objectives: To investigate the effect of a 6 week scapular muscle exercise programme on the muscle activity of lower trapezius, upper trapezius and serratus anterior. Method: A test–retest design was used. Subjects were tested at the start, 3 weeks later without any intervention and then 6 weeks later having completed a scapular exercise programme. All subjects were tennis players with signs of shoulder impingement that were confirmed with either or both a positive ‘‘empty can’’ or Hawkins and Kennedy impingement test. Surface electromyography was used to recode the muscle activity of lower trapezius, upper trapezius, serratus anterior and anterior fibres of deltoid. Results: During the control period there was no statistical difference in the average muscle activity, variability of the muscle activity and the onset times of lower trapezius, upper trapezius and serratus anterior. Following completion of the exercise programme there was no statistical differences found for the average muscle activity or muscle onset times. The exercise programme statistically reduced the variability of lower trapezius activity but not the other muscles (po0:05). Discussion: This study suggests that a 6 week scapular exercise programme does alter the muscle activity of lower trapezius and has some potential clinical benefits. Future studies are needed that address the methodological limitations of this study and address if these changes in muscle activity have any clinical significance. 10.1016/j.ptsp.2006.09.004
Keywords: Quadriceps; Exercise; Patellofemoral pain 10.1016/j.ptsp.2006.09.003
Investigation into the UK chartered physiotherapists’ perceptions on the prevailing characteristics in defining coping success amongst injured athletes M. Arvinen-Barrow, B. Hemmings
The effects of a six week scapular muscle exercise programme on the muscle activity of the scapular rotators in tennis players with shoulder impingement — A pilot study C. Patersona, V. Sparkesb a
Institute of Health and Community Studies, Bournemouth University, UK b Department of Physiotherapy, Cardiff University, UK Abstract Introduction: Shoulder impingement is a common pathology in overhead athletes. Scapular dysfunction is regularly implicated in the pathogenesis of shoulder impingement and research has demonstrated altered scapular muscle activity in subjects with impingement. Clinically scapular movements are assessed and if they are found to be altered an exercise programme aimed at re-educating the scapular rotator muscles is often undertaken. However, to date there is no empirical research evidence to support the use of this type of exercise programme.
The University of Northampton, UK A number of emotional responses to athletic injuries as perceived by the athletes has been documented in the literature (Dawes & Roach, 1997), however research into UK chartered physiotherapists perceptions about the prevailing characteristics in determining coping success has been limited (Heaney, 2006; Hemmings & Povey, 2002). The aim of this study was to investigate, on a national level; the perceptions of UK chartered physiotherapists on the prevailing characteristics in defining athletes’ coping success when injured. A total of 361 participants took part in this study. The vast majority of the respondents (female ¼ 68.7%, n ¼ 248; male ¼ 31.3%, n ¼ 113; M7SD/R age ¼ 42.5079.77/21-70) came from England (85%), followed by Scotland (5.8%), Wales (5.5%) and Northern Ireland (3.0%). On average, the physiotherapists treated 36.21748.63 sport-related injuries per month, ranging from 1 to 350. Treated athletes arrayed between recreational and international levels of competition. By using open-ended questions, the participants were asked to identify top four behaviours/characteristics they believed to be present at athletes who either cope/do not cope successfully with their injuries.
Conference Proceedings / Physical Therapy in Sport 7 (2006) 171–180
exercises have been recommended in the treatment of this condition. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of single joint quadriceps exercises (SJQE) with multiple joint quadriceps exercises (MJQE) in the rehabilitation of patients with anterior knee pain. Forty five male subjects with anterior knee pain were randomly assigned into one of three groups. Group 1: SJQE performed seated knee extension exercises, group 2: MJQE performed seated leg press exercises and group 3 was the control group receiving no treatment. Both exercise groups trained for 4 sets with 13 repetitions (maximum) three times per week for 6 weeks. The loads lifted were adjusted according to the DAPRE principle. Pain scores (visual analogue scale) during isometric quadriceps contraction and a single step ascent and descent, isometric quadriceps strength and a functional questionnaire (Kujala questionnaire score) were evaluated on initial examination and at the end of the 6 week treatment period. Both exercise groups demonstrated statistically significant decreases in pain, and increased quadriceps strength and functional performance compared with the control group (po0:003). The control group had a significant reduction in functionality p ¼ 0:03. The subjects in the MJQE group showed greater improvements compared to those in the SJQE group but the differences were not statistically significant. This study demonstrates that both single and multiple joint quadriceps exercises can significantly improve anterior knee pain patient’s pain, strength and functional status over a 6 week training period, but neither exercise protocol was statistically superior.
Objectives: To investigate the effect of a 6 week scapular muscle exercise programme on the muscle activity of lower trapezius, upper trapezius and serratus anterior. Method: A test–retest design was used. Subjects were tested at the start, 3 weeks later without any intervention and then 6 weeks later having completed a scapular exercise programme. All subjects were tennis players with signs of shoulder impingement that were confirmed with either or both a positive ‘‘empty can’’ or Hawkins and Kennedy impingement test. Surface electromyography was used to recode the muscle activity of lower trapezius, upper trapezius, serratus anterior and anterior fibres of deltoid. Results: During the control period there was no statistical difference in the average muscle activity, variability of the muscle activity and the onset times of lower trapezius, upper trapezius and serratus anterior. Following completion of the exercise programme there was no statistical differences found for the average muscle activity or muscle onset times. The exercise programme statistically reduced the variability of lower trapezius activity but not the other muscles (po0:05). Discussion: This study suggests that a 6 week scapular exercise programme does alter the muscle activity of lower trapezius and has some potential clinical benefits. Future studies are needed that address the methodological limitations of this study and address if these changes in muscle activity have any clinical significance. 10.1016/j.ptsp.2006.09.004
Keywords: Quadriceps; Exercise; Patellofemoral pain 10.1016/j.ptsp.2006.09.003
Investigation into the UK chartered physiotherapists’ perceptions on the prevailing characteristics in defining coping success amongst injured athletes M. Arvinen-Barrow, B. Hemmings
The effects of a six week scapular muscle exercise programme on the muscle activity of the scapular rotators in tennis players with shoulder impingement — A pilot study C. Patersona, V. Sparkesb a
Institute of Health and Community Studies, Bournemouth University, UK b Department of Physiotherapy, Cardiff University, UK Abstract Introduction: Shoulder impingement is a common pathology in overhead athletes. Scapular dysfunction is regularly implicated in the pathogenesis of shoulder impingement and research has demonstrated altered scapular muscle activity in subjects with impingement. Clinically scapular movements are assessed and if they are found to be altered an exercise programme aimed at re-educating the scapular rotator muscles is often undertaken. However, to date there is no empirical research evidence to support the use of this type of exercise programme.
The University of Northampton, UK A number of emotional responses to athletic injuries as perceived by the athletes has been documented in the literature (Dawes & Roach, 1997), however research into UK chartered physiotherapists perceptions about the prevailing characteristics in determining coping success has been limited (Heaney, 2006; Hemmings & Povey, 2002). The aim of this study was to investigate, on a national level; the perceptions of UK chartered physiotherapists on the prevailing characteristics in defining athletes’ coping success when injured. A total of 361 participants took part in this study. The vast majority of the respondents (female ¼ 68.7%, n ¼ 248; male ¼ 31.3%, n ¼ 113; M7SD/R age ¼ 42.5079.77/21-70) came from England (85%), followed by Scotland (5.8%), Wales (5.5%) and Northern Ireland (3.0%). On average, the physiotherapists treated 36.21748.63 sport-related injuries per month, ranging from 1 to 350. Treated athletes arrayed between recreational and international levels of competition. By using open-ended questions, the participants were asked to identify top four behaviours/characteristics they believed to be present at athletes who either cope/do not cope successfully with their injuries.