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The fate of trace elements during several coal pretreatment processes
01 03101029
Hydrothermal dewatering of lower rank coals. 3. High-ion slurries from hydrothermally treated lower rank coals
Favas, G. et al. Fuel, 2003, 82, (l), 71-79. A novel method of producing a product of low intra-particle porosity (>l urn pore radius) from highly porous Latrobe Valley raw brown coals uses a combination of hydrothermal and evaporative drying. Low porosity coal was made in three different batch autoclave systems at 320°C for residence times as low as 10 min. Higher temperatures (up to 350°C) increased porosity slightly but the water vapour pressure and the loss of organic material were significantly increased. Although the low and high porosity products differed dramatically in appearance and hardness, other chemical and spectroscopic properties were similar with the exception of pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry patterns. The relationship between intra-particle porosity and the maximum wt% dry solids concentration of aqueous slurries (for a viscosity of less than 1000 mPa s), Q,,,, established by earlier workers for hydrothermally treated brown coals was found to hold for the new products and was extended to a wider range of porosities and a range of mean particle sizes (mps) (20-100 pm). A range of surfactants (anionic, cationic and neutral), which led to an increase of up to 7% in &,,ax for a bituminous, Blair Athol coal, increased &,, for products of hydrothermal or the new treatment by only 2-4%. This small increase resulted, however, in the formation of slurries of the low porosity products with &,, ‘s of up to 64%, similar to those obtained with high rank coals, and considered to be of commercial interest.
Production of CWM of high coal particle content by rounding of upgraded brown coal
03/01030
Ono, T. and Shigehisa, T. Kagaku Kogoktr Ronhunshu, 2002, 28, (5). 652-655. (In Japanese) To reduce the product cost of CWM (Coal Water Mixture), CWM was produced using brown coal, that had been upgraded into oil. CWM produced from the upgraded Roy-Yang coal pulverized by the conventional wet ball mill method had a low coal particle content of 49%. To increase the coal content of CWM, the rounding method of 49%. To increase the coal content of CWM, the rounding method was applied, and the coal particle content of CWM was there by increased to 57%. Based on these results, it may be concluded that the rounding method is effective for reducing the product cost of CWM.
Research on application of surfactant to dewatering of fine clean coal
03/01031
Wu, Y. and Cai, Z. J&Y; Hungong, 2002, 19. (6). 318-320. (In Chinese) Dewatering of fine clean coal is the most difficult problem of the process of coking coal preparation. Applying auxiliary filtering agent to the filter cake to reduce the moisture content of filter cake is an efficient and economic way. This treatise interprets the research on application of surfactant as an auxiliary filtering agent for enhancing the dewatering of fine clean coal and with remarkable efficacy. The dewatering values of two different kinds of coal, in which sulfonate type surfactant is applied separate in laboratory tests, reached 4.90% and 5.96%. The optimized dewatering value of industrial practice in Datun Coal Preparation Plant reaches 6.08% by applying sulfate type surfactant.
03/01032 The chemical percolation devolatilization model applied to the devofatillzation of coal in high intensity acoustic fields Veras, C. A. G. c’t crl. Jorrrnul of‘r/r<’Brcrziliun Chrmitul Societr, 2002, 13, (3), 358-367. The chemical percolation devolatilization model (CPD) was extended for the prediction of drying and devolatilization of coal particles in high intensity acoustic fields found in Rijke tube reactors. The acoustic oscillations enhance the heat and mass transfer processes in the fuel bed as well as in the freeboard, above the grate. The results from simulations in a Rijke tube combustor showed an increase in the rate of water evaporation and thermal degradation of the particles. The devolatilization model, based on chemical percolation, applied in pulsating regime allowed the dynamic prediction on the yields of CO, CO*, CH4, HzO, other light gases as well as tar which are important on ignition and stabilization of flames. The model predicted the quantity and form of nitrogen containing species generated during devolatilization, for which knowledge is strategically indispensable for reducing pollutant emissions (NO,) in flames under acoustic excitation.
03/01033 The control of coal bed decollement-related sllcken6fdes on roof falls in North American Late Paleozoic coal basins Phillipson, S. E. Internrrrional Jorvmzl of’ Coal Geology. 2003. 53. (3). 181.-i95. Slickensides cause potentially hazardous ground conditions in underground coal mines. Investigations by the Mine Safety and Health Administration’s (MSHA) Roof Control Division indicate that many
So/id fuels (economics, business,
marketing,
policy)
slickensides represent bedding plane faults and drag folds that formed during coal bed decollement, a style of bedding plane faulting that occurs in shale units above coal seams. These slickensides formed in response to regional tectonic stresses, rather than by differential compaction, and strike parallel to local and regional fold axes and thrust faults. This paper relates some slickensides in the Appalachian, Illinois, Arkoma, and Black Warrior basins to the structural grain developed during the Late Pennsylvanian-Permian Alleghanian orogeny, provides descriptions of slickensides, and advocates geologic mapping as a predictive method for identifying adverse ground conditions associated with tectonically formed slickensides.
The fate of trace elements during several coal pretreatment processes
03/01034
Yan, R. et al. Energy & Fuels, 2002, 16, (5). 1160--1160. The influence of several coal pretreatment processes (i.e. chemical desulfurization, physical floating, and kaolin scrubbing) on the fate of trace elements (TEs) emissions, i.e. of As, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb, were investigated. The behaviour of these TEs during combustion of pretreated coals in a drop-tube furnace were studied with respect to combustion conditions and fuel types. Almost all the studied TEs are partly removed using chemical desulfurization, with the highest removal efficiency (up to 77%) observed for Pb. Coal physical floating eliminated 50%-60% of most TEs, together with nearly 90% of ash removal for Qingshan bituminous coal. The contents of Cd, Pb, Cu, Cr, and Ni in ashes are all decreased at certain extents (40-750/o) when burning kaolin-blended coals, with the highest removal efficiency (up to 75%) observed for Ni. However, beryllium (Be) cannot be eliminated by either physical flotation or kaolin scrubbing (i.e. addition of kaolin to entrain or remove trace elements within the added kaolin).
Transport, 03/01035
storage
Method for transporting coal blend for coke oven
Yamaguchi, K. el al. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 2002 265,954 (Cl. (In Japanese) C I OB57100) 18 Sep 2002, Appl. 2001/61.815. The method is carried out by arranging the dryer in the transporting passage for conveying coal blend to a coal towers. The blend comprises a high-swelling coal having high swelling pressure during carbonization and a low-swelling coal having low swelling pressure during carbonization. A water sprinkler is arranged between the dryer and the tower for spraying water on the low-swelling coal to have a desired water content, without spraying water on the high-swelling coal to reduce damage of the oven wall during pushing.
03/01036 System for continuously pulverizing, storing, and supplying coals to coal-gaslftcation furnaces Watabe, Y. and Nishida, T. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 2002 248,373 (Cl. B02C25/00), 3 Sep 2002, Appl. 2001/52,239. (In Japanese) The system enables continuously pulverizing coals, storing the pulverized coals, and supplying them to coal-gasification furnaces, and is constituted by a coal feeder, a pulverizer, a container for storing the pulverized coal, and a means for supplying the pulverized coal to high-pressured hoppers; wherein the amount of the coal discharged from the coal-supplying means is correct according to the stored coal amount, and then the correction is fed back to the coal-storage amount.
Economics, business, marketing, policy Economic assessment of life cycle analysis of coal production and use process
OS/O1037
B. Proceedings of the International Technicnl Coal Utilization & Fuel Systems, 2002, 1, (27), 17-30.
Conference
Jayanta,
on
Life cycle assessment is slowly becoming a must for almost all types of industries having the potential to remain in the natural cycle over a long time. In the era of heightened environmental awareness and public response the competitiveness will depend on the ability to reduce the burden of environmental life cycle costing by sharing the cost and benefits between the partners. In this paper such a case between a mine and a power plant is discussed.
Near-term potential for power generation from coal with zero atmoapherlc emlestons Anderson, R. E. et al. Proceedings of the International Technical 03/01036
Corzference on Coal Utilization & Fuel Systems,
Fuel and
2002.
Energy Abstracts
I.
(27). 5142.
July 2003
207
Hydrothermal dewatering of lower rank coals. 3. High-ion slurries from hydrothermally treated lower rank coals
Favas, G. et al. Fuel, 2003, 82, (l), 71-79. A novel method of producing a product of low intra-particle porosity (>l urn pore radius) from highly porous Latrobe Valley raw brown coals uses a combination of hydrothermal and evaporative drying. Low porosity coal was made in three different batch autoclave systems at 320°C for residence times as low as 10 min. Higher temperatures (up to 350°C) increased porosity slightly but the water vapour pressure and the loss of organic material were significantly increased. Although the low and high porosity products differed dramatically in appearance and hardness, other chemical and spectroscopic properties were similar with the exception of pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry patterns. The relationship between intra-particle porosity and the maximum wt% dry solids concentration of aqueous slurries (for a viscosity of less than 1000 mPa s), Q,,,, established by earlier workers for hydrothermally treated brown coals was found to hold for the new products and was extended to a wider range of porosities and a range of mean particle sizes (mps) (20-100 pm). A range of surfactants (anionic, cationic and neutral), which led to an increase of up to 7% in &,,ax for a bituminous, Blair Athol coal, increased &,, for products of hydrothermal or the new treatment by only 2-4%. This small increase resulted, however, in the formation of slurries of the low porosity products with &,, ‘s of up to 64%, similar to those obtained with high rank coals, and considered to be of commercial interest.
Production of CWM of high coal particle content by rounding of upgraded brown coal
03/01030
Ono, T. and Shigehisa, T. Kagaku Kogoktr Ronhunshu, 2002, 28, (5). 652-655. (In Japanese) To reduce the product cost of CWM (Coal Water Mixture), CWM was produced using brown coal, that had been upgraded into oil. CWM produced from the upgraded Roy-Yang coal pulverized by the conventional wet ball mill method had a low coal particle content of 49%. To increase the coal content of CWM, the rounding method of 49%. To increase the coal content of CWM, the rounding method was applied, and the coal particle content of CWM was there by increased to 57%. Based on these results, it may be concluded that the rounding method is effective for reducing the product cost of CWM.
Research on application of surfactant to dewatering of fine clean coal
03/01031
Wu, Y. and Cai, Z. J&Y; Hungong, 2002, 19. (6). 318-320. (In Chinese) Dewatering of fine clean coal is the most difficult problem of the process of coking coal preparation. Applying auxiliary filtering agent to the filter cake to reduce the moisture content of filter cake is an efficient and economic way. This treatise interprets the research on application of surfactant as an auxiliary filtering agent for enhancing the dewatering of fine clean coal and with remarkable efficacy. The dewatering values of two different kinds of coal, in which sulfonate type surfactant is applied separate in laboratory tests, reached 4.90% and 5.96%. The optimized dewatering value of industrial practice in Datun Coal Preparation Plant reaches 6.08% by applying sulfate type surfactant.
03/01032 The chemical percolation devolatilization model applied to the devofatillzation of coal in high intensity acoustic fields Veras, C. A. G. c’t crl. Jorrrnul of‘r/r<’Brcrziliun Chrmitul Societr, 2002, 13, (3), 358-367. The chemical percolation devolatilization model (CPD) was extended for the prediction of drying and devolatilization of coal particles in high intensity acoustic fields found in Rijke tube reactors. The acoustic oscillations enhance the heat and mass transfer processes in the fuel bed as well as in the freeboard, above the grate. The results from simulations in a Rijke tube combustor showed an increase in the rate of water evaporation and thermal degradation of the particles. The devolatilization model, based on chemical percolation, applied in pulsating regime allowed the dynamic prediction on the yields of CO, CO*, CH4, HzO, other light gases as well as tar which are important on ignition and stabilization of flames. The model predicted the quantity and form of nitrogen containing species generated during devolatilization, for which knowledge is strategically indispensable for reducing pollutant emissions (NO,) in flames under acoustic excitation.
03/01033 The control of coal bed decollement-related sllcken6fdes on roof falls in North American Late Paleozoic coal basins Phillipson, S. E. Internrrrional Jorvmzl of’ Coal Geology. 2003. 53. (3). 181.-i95. Slickensides cause potentially hazardous ground conditions in underground coal mines. Investigations by the Mine Safety and Health Administration’s (MSHA) Roof Control Division indicate that many
So/id fuels (economics, business,
marketing,
policy)
slickensides represent bedding plane faults and drag folds that formed during coal bed decollement, a style of bedding plane faulting that occurs in shale units above coal seams. These slickensides formed in response to regional tectonic stresses, rather than by differential compaction, and strike parallel to local and regional fold axes and thrust faults. This paper relates some slickensides in the Appalachian, Illinois, Arkoma, and Black Warrior basins to the structural grain developed during the Late Pennsylvanian-Permian Alleghanian orogeny, provides descriptions of slickensides, and advocates geologic mapping as a predictive method for identifying adverse ground conditions associated with tectonically formed slickensides.
The fate of trace elements during several coal pretreatment processes
03/01034
Yan, R. et al. Energy & Fuels, 2002, 16, (5). 1160--1160. The influence of several coal pretreatment processes (i.e. chemical desulfurization, physical floating, and kaolin scrubbing) on the fate of trace elements (TEs) emissions, i.e. of As, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb, were investigated. The behaviour of these TEs during combustion of pretreated coals in a drop-tube furnace were studied with respect to combustion conditions and fuel types. Almost all the studied TEs are partly removed using chemical desulfurization, with the highest removal efficiency (up to 77%) observed for Pb. Coal physical floating eliminated 50%-60% of most TEs, together with nearly 90% of ash removal for Qingshan bituminous coal. The contents of Cd, Pb, Cu, Cr, and Ni in ashes are all decreased at certain extents (40-750/o) when burning kaolin-blended coals, with the highest removal efficiency (up to 75%) observed for Ni. However, beryllium (Be) cannot be eliminated by either physical flotation or kaolin scrubbing (i.e. addition of kaolin to entrain or remove trace elements within the added kaolin).
Transport, 03/01035
storage
Method for transporting coal blend for coke oven
Yamaguchi, K. el al. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 2002 265,954 (Cl. (In Japanese) C I OB57100) 18 Sep 2002, Appl. 2001/61.815. The method is carried out by arranging the dryer in the transporting passage for conveying coal blend to a coal towers. The blend comprises a high-swelling coal having high swelling pressure during carbonization and a low-swelling coal having low swelling pressure during carbonization. A water sprinkler is arranged between the dryer and the tower for spraying water on the low-swelling coal to have a desired water content, without spraying water on the high-swelling coal to reduce damage of the oven wall during pushing.
03/01036 System for continuously pulverizing, storing, and supplying coals to coal-gaslftcation furnaces Watabe, Y. and Nishida, T. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 2002 248,373 (Cl. B02C25/00), 3 Sep 2002, Appl. 2001/52,239. (In Japanese) The system enables continuously pulverizing coals, storing the pulverized coals, and supplying them to coal-gasification furnaces, and is constituted by a coal feeder, a pulverizer, a container for storing the pulverized coal, and a means for supplying the pulverized coal to high-pressured hoppers; wherein the amount of the coal discharged from the coal-supplying means is correct according to the stored coal amount, and then the correction is fed back to the coal-storage amount.
Economics, business, marketing, policy Economic assessment of life cycle analysis of coal production and use process
OS/O1037
B. Proceedings of the International Technicnl Coal Utilization & Fuel Systems, 2002, 1, (27), 17-30.
Conference
Jayanta,
on
Life cycle assessment is slowly becoming a must for almost all types of industries having the potential to remain in the natural cycle over a long time. In the era of heightened environmental awareness and public response the competitiveness will depend on the ability to reduce the burden of environmental life cycle costing by sharing the cost and benefits between the partners. In this paper such a case between a mine and a power plant is discussed.
Near-term potential for power generation from coal with zero atmoapherlc emlestons Anderson, R. E. et al. Proceedings of the International Technical 03/01036
Corzference on Coal Utilization & Fuel Systems,
Fuel and
2002.
Energy Abstracts
I.
(27). 5142.
July 2003
207