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THE FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF CRIMINAL ANTHROPOLOGY.
628
right to protect the infants and for the sake lunatic asylum of Nubertusburg, Leipzig, "On Criminal of the infants to see that the mothers did not work too soon Psychiatry"; of Dr. Paul Aubry of St. Brieuc, "On the after confinement. Dr. Moutier urged that the protection Influence of the Press on Criminality"; of M. Ignace of mothers was also a question of national defence. France Zakrewsky, Senator at St. Petersburg, "On the Relations of ’had to watch over the health of its future soldiers. The four Anthropology to Law"; of Professor B. Alimena, of the weeks’ delay should, under medical advice, be prolonged University of Naples,I I On the Relation between Hereditary when necessary. Whether at the public cost or otherwise no Disposition and the Domestic Circle for the Provocation of Tendencies to Crime" ; of M. Dimitri Drill, of the St. means should be spared so as to assure the health of both mother and child. Many of his patients were mothers who Petersburg bar, ° ° On the Foundations and the Object of had returned to work too soon. In reality mothers ought Penal Responsibility"; of M. Tarde, Statistician to the ’to rest before and after their confinements and should only Ministry of Justice at Paris, ° ° On Professional Criminality"; be allowed to resume work when a medical examination had of Dr. J. Offner of Vienna, " On the Influence of Positive shown that there was no uterine lesion. It might not be Right on Punishable Acts"; of M. Bertillon, Chef du Service possible to establish at present such ideal measures by law, de 1’Identite Judiciaire at Paris, "On the Results obtained particularly as factory inspectors are for the most part by Anthropometry as regards Crime, and What are the Lacunes functionaries and not medical men.’ Nevertheless, the State to be filled up?"; of the Abb6 M. de Baets and Dr. G. de should not hesitate to do what was practical in this Baets of Ghent, "On the Education of the Children of direction. Criminals " ; and of Dr. Gilbert Ballet, physician to the St. Ultimately, and after a debate which lasted through Antoine Hospital at Paris, and Dr. J. Roubinovitch, bead of several sittings, the Society of Public Medicine carried the the Clinique of Mental Maladies in the Faculty of Medicine " at Paris, "Sur les Persecutes Processifs." following resolution by 25 against 14 votes :be The address will delivered " That the public powers, following the example of other States and by M. Lachenal, opening acting in the interest of the nation, as well as of humanity in general, President of the Swiss Confederation, followed by M. should seek to protect women at the time of confinement, and forbid Counsellor of State, and M. Turrettini, President of their undertaking industrial work during the four weeks following Richard, the Administrative Council, on Monday morning, the 24th their accouchement." A second resolution, worded as below, was carried unani- inst., at 10 in the Aula Magna of the University, where for the remainder of the week the sittings will be held, mously :beginning at 9 A.M. and resuming at 2 P.M., with the or benefit Maternity funds, supported by employers by private societies and by subventions from the local authorities and from the exception of Thursday, when the Council of State and the State, should be created in all districts so as to aid women who are in Administrative Council will hold at 3 P.M. an afternoon .a necessitous condition at the time of their confinements." reception at the Ariana. A project of law based on these principles has now been Geneva, Aug. 23rd. II introduced in the French Parliament, so there is every reason to believe the above discussion will produce some practical ’results. THE SOUDAN CAMPAIGN.
.case, had the
"
___________
ALTHOUGH the
from the Nile
force has
expeditionary THE FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS of late had several points of military interest there is but OF CRIMINAL ANTHROPOLOGY. little of a medical nature to be chronicled. The state of the River Nile is now satisfactory for transport purposes, and all A SPECIAL (FROM CORRESPONDENT.) ANTHROPOLOGY, long denied the rights of scientific arrangements for an advance on Dongola have by this time so that we shall probably soon hear of its citizenship, has at length vindicated its claims to that been completed, taken place. The cholera outbreak in the Nile porhaving honour, and since its recognition some years ago by the tion of the expedition seems to have altogether ceased and British Association has come to be not the least attractive the health of the troops, considering the great heat to which section of that " corps 16gislatif" of science. In its they are exposed, is very satisfactory. From Suakin we application to practice, notably in its attempts to purge the learn, however, that a fatal case of cholera had occurred social organism of abnormal developments, it has enlisted amongstthe Indian camp followers. The temperature is enthusiastic votaries from all professions-the medical described as extremely hot at this station, and notwithparticularly ; while its claims to recast the education of the standing that it is garrisoned by Indian troops it is much young and to intervene between the law courts and their felt by them. Contracts have been made for the supply jurisdiction have aroused jealousies and antagonisms which of stores to these troops until the end of December, have rather stimulated than arrested its growth. One of which looks as if it were expected they would return the practical applications referred to is criminal anthro- to India during the winter. Telegraphic communication pology, strictly so-called-a department of applied science between Assouan and the frontier has been interrupted since which, year by year, is justifying its activity by ever- Sunday last, and there is, therefore, a comparative absence multiplying proofs of its value as an agent in healthy of news from the front. While the reports are quite satisfactory as regards an evolution, and which, as a glance at the official programme will testify, has on no previous occasion more peremptorily absence of cholera in the Nile expeditionary force the advanced its claims to speak and act with authority than on epidemic still continues elsewhere in Egypt. According to this its Fourth International Congress which will open to- the cholera returns issued at Cairo on the 25th inst. there ,morrow in Geneva. were throughout Egypt 539’fresh cases and 484 deaths on The various Governments which will be officially repre- Friday, Saturday, Sunday, and Monday last. At Girgeh, sented at the sittings are those of Great Britain, Austria- Keneh, and in the provinces there were 213 deaths, in Cairo Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium, Denmark, 3, in Alexandria 15, in Port Said 4, in Ismailia 3, in Suez 1, Portugal, Roumania, the Argentine Republic, and Japan; and in Suakin 1. while the delegates are very numerous from the chief cities, the universities, and the learned bodies, not only of Europe, but of nearly every civilised Power. The agenda paper now THE ROYAL HALIFAX INFIRMARY. ’before me is rich beyond precedent, and though the sittings will not close till Saturday, the 29th inst., the communicaTHE new Royal Halifax Infirmary, which was opened on tions already announced for discussion will have to undergo the "thinning process"if those of capital importance are July 25th by the Duke and Duchess of York, has replaced to have their due share of attention. To glean from the the old building, which came into use in 1838 and for a crowded list of these I may call attention to the papers of Mr. number of years has been quite inadequate for the accommoFrancis Galton. F.R.S., " On Digital Imprints"; of Professor dation of the patients and nursing staff. In 1889 it was news
-
Xavier Francotte of Liege, ’’ On Alcoholic Somnambulism from the Medico-legal Point of View" ; of M. F. Thiry, Professor determined not to rebuild on the old site but to erect of Criminal Law in the same seat of learning, " On the Appli- single-storey pavilions on a large area of ground (over cations, Administrative and Legal, of Criminal Anthropology"; thirteen acres) on the outskirts of the town, and of Dr. Malarewski, Director of the Medico-Pedagogic Institute in June, 1893, the foundation-stone was laid. The walls are "cavity"walls and have damp courses of St. Petersburg, " On the Modes of Preventing the Evolution of Criminality"; of Dr. Nacke, physician to the throughout, and the whole of the buildings, except two floors
outer
right to protect the infants and for the sake lunatic asylum of Nubertusburg, Leipzig, "On Criminal of the infants to see that the mothers did not work too soon Psychiatry"; of Dr. Paul Aubry of St. Brieuc, "On the after confinement. Dr. Moutier urged that the protection Influence of the Press on Criminality"; of M. Ignace of mothers was also a question of national defence. France Zakrewsky, Senator at St. Petersburg, "On the Relations of ’had to watch over the health of its future soldiers. The four Anthropology to Law"; of Professor B. Alimena, of the weeks’ delay should, under medical advice, be prolonged University of Naples,I I On the Relation between Hereditary when necessary. Whether at the public cost or otherwise no Disposition and the Domestic Circle for the Provocation of Tendencies to Crime" ; of M. Dimitri Drill, of the St. means should be spared so as to assure the health of both mother and child. Many of his patients were mothers who Petersburg bar, ° ° On the Foundations and the Object of had returned to work too soon. In reality mothers ought Penal Responsibility"; of M. Tarde, Statistician to the ’to rest before and after their confinements and should only Ministry of Justice at Paris, ° ° On Professional Criminality"; be allowed to resume work when a medical examination had of Dr. J. Offner of Vienna, " On the Influence of Positive shown that there was no uterine lesion. It might not be Right on Punishable Acts"; of M. Bertillon, Chef du Service possible to establish at present such ideal measures by law, de 1’Identite Judiciaire at Paris, "On the Results obtained particularly as factory inspectors are for the most part by Anthropometry as regards Crime, and What are the Lacunes functionaries and not medical men.’ Nevertheless, the State to be filled up?"; of the Abb6 M. de Baets and Dr. G. de should not hesitate to do what was practical in this Baets of Ghent, "On the Education of the Children of direction. Criminals " ; and of Dr. Gilbert Ballet, physician to the St. Ultimately, and after a debate which lasted through Antoine Hospital at Paris, and Dr. J. Roubinovitch, bead of several sittings, the Society of Public Medicine carried the the Clinique of Mental Maladies in the Faculty of Medicine " at Paris, "Sur les Persecutes Processifs." following resolution by 25 against 14 votes :be The address will delivered " That the public powers, following the example of other States and by M. Lachenal, opening acting in the interest of the nation, as well as of humanity in general, President of the Swiss Confederation, followed by M. should seek to protect women at the time of confinement, and forbid Counsellor of State, and M. Turrettini, President of their undertaking industrial work during the four weeks following Richard, the Administrative Council, on Monday morning, the 24th their accouchement." A second resolution, worded as below, was carried unani- inst., at 10 in the Aula Magna of the University, where for the remainder of the week the sittings will be held, mously :beginning at 9 A.M. and resuming at 2 P.M., with the or benefit Maternity funds, supported by employers by private societies and by subventions from the local authorities and from the exception of Thursday, when the Council of State and the State, should be created in all districts so as to aid women who are in Administrative Council will hold at 3 P.M. an afternoon .a necessitous condition at the time of their confinements." reception at the Ariana. A project of law based on these principles has now been Geneva, Aug. 23rd. II introduced in the French Parliament, so there is every reason to believe the above discussion will produce some practical ’results. THE SOUDAN CAMPAIGN.
.case, had the
"
___________
ALTHOUGH the
from the Nile
force has
expeditionary THE FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS of late had several points of military interest there is but OF CRIMINAL ANTHROPOLOGY. little of a medical nature to be chronicled. The state of the River Nile is now satisfactory for transport purposes, and all A SPECIAL (FROM CORRESPONDENT.) ANTHROPOLOGY, long denied the rights of scientific arrangements for an advance on Dongola have by this time so that we shall probably soon hear of its citizenship, has at length vindicated its claims to that been completed, taken place. The cholera outbreak in the Nile porhaving honour, and since its recognition some years ago by the tion of the expedition seems to have altogether ceased and British Association has come to be not the least attractive the health of the troops, considering the great heat to which section of that " corps 16gislatif" of science. In its they are exposed, is very satisfactory. From Suakin we application to practice, notably in its attempts to purge the learn, however, that a fatal case of cholera had occurred social organism of abnormal developments, it has enlisted amongstthe Indian camp followers. The temperature is enthusiastic votaries from all professions-the medical described as extremely hot at this station, and notwithparticularly ; while its claims to recast the education of the standing that it is garrisoned by Indian troops it is much young and to intervene between the law courts and their felt by them. Contracts have been made for the supply jurisdiction have aroused jealousies and antagonisms which of stores to these troops until the end of December, have rather stimulated than arrested its growth. One of which looks as if it were expected they would return the practical applications referred to is criminal anthro- to India during the winter. Telegraphic communication pology, strictly so-called-a department of applied science between Assouan and the frontier has been interrupted since which, year by year, is justifying its activity by ever- Sunday last, and there is, therefore, a comparative absence multiplying proofs of its value as an agent in healthy of news from the front. While the reports are quite satisfactory as regards an evolution, and which, as a glance at the official programme will testify, has on no previous occasion more peremptorily absence of cholera in the Nile expeditionary force the advanced its claims to speak and act with authority than on epidemic still continues elsewhere in Egypt. According to this its Fourth International Congress which will open to- the cholera returns issued at Cairo on the 25th inst. there ,morrow in Geneva. were throughout Egypt 539’fresh cases and 484 deaths on The various Governments which will be officially repre- Friday, Saturday, Sunday, and Monday last. At Girgeh, sented at the sittings are those of Great Britain, Austria- Keneh, and in the provinces there were 213 deaths, in Cairo Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium, Denmark, 3, in Alexandria 15, in Port Said 4, in Ismailia 3, in Suez 1, Portugal, Roumania, the Argentine Republic, and Japan; and in Suakin 1. while the delegates are very numerous from the chief cities, the universities, and the learned bodies, not only of Europe, but of nearly every civilised Power. The agenda paper now THE ROYAL HALIFAX INFIRMARY. ’before me is rich beyond precedent, and though the sittings will not close till Saturday, the 29th inst., the communicaTHE new Royal Halifax Infirmary, which was opened on tions already announced for discussion will have to undergo the "thinning process"if those of capital importance are July 25th by the Duke and Duchess of York, has replaced to have their due share of attention. To glean from the the old building, which came into use in 1838 and for a crowded list of these I may call attention to the papers of Mr. number of years has been quite inadequate for the accommoFrancis Galton. F.R.S., " On Digital Imprints"; of Professor dation of the patients and nursing staff. In 1889 it was news
-
Xavier Francotte of Liege, ’’ On Alcoholic Somnambulism from the Medico-legal Point of View" ; of M. F. Thiry, Professor determined not to rebuild on the old site but to erect of Criminal Law in the same seat of learning, " On the Appli- single-storey pavilions on a large area of ground (over cations, Administrative and Legal, of Criminal Anthropology"; thirteen acres) on the outskirts of the town, and of Dr. Malarewski, Director of the Medico-Pedagogic Institute in June, 1893, the foundation-stone was laid. The walls are "cavity"walls and have damp courses of St. Petersburg, " On the Modes of Preventing the Evolution of Criminality"; of Dr. Nacke, physician to the throughout, and the whole of the buildings, except two floors
outer