- Email: [email protected]
The General Factor of Personality (GFP) correlated with intelligence and grades in a university classroom setting
Abstracts
The General Factor of Personality (GFP) correlated with intelligence and grades in a university classroom setting J.A. Schermer, M.G. Rothstein, S.V. Paunonen, G.A. King An analysis of the correlations between the General Factor of Personality (GFP), measured intelligence, grades, and classroom participation was examined in a sample of Master of Business Administration students. The GFP extracted was found to have the largest loadings from the Openness to Experience and Extraversion factors. The GFP was found to correlate significantly with class participation and verbal intelligence. A significant negative correlation was found between the GFP and quantitative intelligence. The GFP did not correlate significantly with grades. The results support the suggestion of the GFP reflecting a social interaction dimension of individual differences.
513
their factors were only moderately related. Consequently, the medium of assessment can be conceptualized as a method factor on either the side of computerized indicators or paper and pencil measures. Results also confirmed that mental speed was related with WMC and Gf as a function of the WMC affordance in the speed task. Finally, RT modeling was applied to the pc speed data. An exGaussian decomposition showed that neither the mean nor the variability of the normal distribution, but only the exponential tau parameter was related with WMC and Gf. This suggests the relationship is driven by slow RT values and can be reconciled with the worst performance rule or cognitive lapses. Additionally, a diffusion model was fit to the data which yields parameters with a more straight-forward psychological interpretation. This revealed that the relationships with WMC and Gf were accounted for in terms of individual differences in drift rate, indicating efficiency of evidence sampling is the crucial factor.
doi:10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.289 doi:10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.291
Assessment of risk taking in poly-substance abusing offenders F. Schmitz, O. Wilhelm This presentation is concerned with the assessment of individual differences in risk taking and its determinants in a sample of incarcerated formerly poly-drug abusing offenders (n=48) and controls (n=70). Following an RST perspective, behavioural approach and inhibition as well as sensation seeking were assessed as motivational traits. Working memory capacity and a short measure of fluid intelligence were included as markers of cognitive ability. Three commonly used risk-taking tasks completed the battery: a version of the Iowa gambling task, a balloon analogue risk task, and an information sampling task. For each task, different scores were computed that are considered as capturing different facets of risk taking. Additionally, formal models were fit to the behavioural data, yielding parameters that were proposed to index underlying processes. It was found that RST measures clearly distinguish between groups. This was found as well for some of the behavioural markers, depending on the actual task and its derived scores. A discussion of risk-taking measures for the assessment of individual differences will be offered and recommendations will be given. This will comprise additional data sets and take into account the relationships of scores in the nomological network, their psychometric properties and results obtained in simulation studies, and finally, which scores distinguish groups that can be expected to differ in risk-taking behaviour.
Emotional intelligence and coping as predictors of acculturation styles P.G. Schmitz, F. Schmitz Acculturative behavior and acculturation outcome are influenced by socio-cultural, situational as well as personality factors. According to Berry (1997) four acculturation styles can be distinguished: Integration, assimilation, separation, and marginalization. In the last decade, research has contributed to a better understanding how basic personality dimensions are related with acculturation (e.g., Schmitz & Berry, 2011). More recently, emotional intelligence and coping styles were shown to be predictors of individual differences in acculturative behavior. In this contribution, empirical findings from migrant samples (N = 602) will be reported. Emotional intelligence (EI) was assessed by the TMMS (Salovey, et al., 1995; Fernández Berrocal, et al., 2004), additionally the Toronto alexithymia scale (Parker, Bagby, Taylor, Endler, & Schmitz, 1993) was included as an inverse marker. EI dimensions were shown to predict which acculturation style is chosen in particular situations. Further, coping styles as assessed by the CISS (Endler et al., 1993) were shown to be related with EI and acculturation styles. Finally, relationships of Endler’s trait anxiety dimensions and perceived situational threat variables (Endler, et al., 1991, 1996), such as social evaluation anxiety, ambiguous threat anxiety, and social separation anxiety on the one side and acculturation styles on the other side will be summarized.
doi:10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.290 doi:10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.292
Mental speed: Structure and correlates F. Schmitz, O. Wilhelm Results from two multivariate studies (n=120 and n=220) will be reported in which participants completed paper-and-pencil (pp) and computerized (pc) clerical speed tasks. These included search, comparison, and substitution tasks with different stimulus materials. The battery was completed by measures of working memory capacity (WMC) and fluid intelligence (Gf). SEM analyses confirmed that mental speed is best described as a hierarchical construct with a general factor and nested factors capturing specific affordances of the administered tasks. Despite excellent fit of the pp and pc models,
Virtual Twins: Individual Differences and Evolutionary Perspectives N.L. Segal, N.P. Li, J.L. Graham, S.A. Miller, S.A. McGuire Virtual twins (VTs) are same-age, unrelated siblings reared together since infancy. They include adoptive-adoptive and biological-adoptive pairs. VTs replicate the rearing situation of twins, but without the genetic link, offering opportunities to directly assess shared environmental effects on behavioral traits. VTs also allow unique tests of evolutionary-based hypotheses concerning family relations. The research advantage of VTs vs. ordinary adoptive siblings is that VT pair members simultaneously share many life
The General Factor of Personality (GFP) correlated with intelligence and grades in a university classroom setting J.A. Schermer, M.G. Rothstein, S.V. Paunonen, G.A. King An analysis of the correlations between the General Factor of Personality (GFP), measured intelligence, grades, and classroom participation was examined in a sample of Master of Business Administration students. The GFP extracted was found to have the largest loadings from the Openness to Experience and Extraversion factors. The GFP was found to correlate significantly with class participation and verbal intelligence. A significant negative correlation was found between the GFP and quantitative intelligence. The GFP did not correlate significantly with grades. The results support the suggestion of the GFP reflecting a social interaction dimension of individual differences.
513
their factors were only moderately related. Consequently, the medium of assessment can be conceptualized as a method factor on either the side of computerized indicators or paper and pencil measures. Results also confirmed that mental speed was related with WMC and Gf as a function of the WMC affordance in the speed task. Finally, RT modeling was applied to the pc speed data. An exGaussian decomposition showed that neither the mean nor the variability of the normal distribution, but only the exponential tau parameter was related with WMC and Gf. This suggests the relationship is driven by slow RT values and can be reconciled with the worst performance rule or cognitive lapses. Additionally, a diffusion model was fit to the data which yields parameters with a more straight-forward psychological interpretation. This revealed that the relationships with WMC and Gf were accounted for in terms of individual differences in drift rate, indicating efficiency of evidence sampling is the crucial factor.
doi:10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.289 doi:10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.291
Assessment of risk taking in poly-substance abusing offenders F. Schmitz, O. Wilhelm This presentation is concerned with the assessment of individual differences in risk taking and its determinants in a sample of incarcerated formerly poly-drug abusing offenders (n=48) and controls (n=70). Following an RST perspective, behavioural approach and inhibition as well as sensation seeking were assessed as motivational traits. Working memory capacity and a short measure of fluid intelligence were included as markers of cognitive ability. Three commonly used risk-taking tasks completed the battery: a version of the Iowa gambling task, a balloon analogue risk task, and an information sampling task. For each task, different scores were computed that are considered as capturing different facets of risk taking. Additionally, formal models were fit to the behavioural data, yielding parameters that were proposed to index underlying processes. It was found that RST measures clearly distinguish between groups. This was found as well for some of the behavioural markers, depending on the actual task and its derived scores. A discussion of risk-taking measures for the assessment of individual differences will be offered and recommendations will be given. This will comprise additional data sets and take into account the relationships of scores in the nomological network, their psychometric properties and results obtained in simulation studies, and finally, which scores distinguish groups that can be expected to differ in risk-taking behaviour.
Emotional intelligence and coping as predictors of acculturation styles P.G. Schmitz, F. Schmitz Acculturative behavior and acculturation outcome are influenced by socio-cultural, situational as well as personality factors. According to Berry (1997) four acculturation styles can be distinguished: Integration, assimilation, separation, and marginalization. In the last decade, research has contributed to a better understanding how basic personality dimensions are related with acculturation (e.g., Schmitz & Berry, 2011). More recently, emotional intelligence and coping styles were shown to be predictors of individual differences in acculturative behavior. In this contribution, empirical findings from migrant samples (N = 602) will be reported. Emotional intelligence (EI) was assessed by the TMMS (Salovey, et al., 1995; Fernández Berrocal, et al., 2004), additionally the Toronto alexithymia scale (Parker, Bagby, Taylor, Endler, & Schmitz, 1993) was included as an inverse marker. EI dimensions were shown to predict which acculturation style is chosen in particular situations. Further, coping styles as assessed by the CISS (Endler et al., 1993) were shown to be related with EI and acculturation styles. Finally, relationships of Endler’s trait anxiety dimensions and perceived situational threat variables (Endler, et al., 1991, 1996), such as social evaluation anxiety, ambiguous threat anxiety, and social separation anxiety on the one side and acculturation styles on the other side will be summarized.
doi:10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.290 doi:10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.292
Mental speed: Structure and correlates F. Schmitz, O. Wilhelm Results from two multivariate studies (n=120 and n=220) will be reported in which participants completed paper-and-pencil (pp) and computerized (pc) clerical speed tasks. These included search, comparison, and substitution tasks with different stimulus materials. The battery was completed by measures of working memory capacity (WMC) and fluid intelligence (Gf). SEM analyses confirmed that mental speed is best described as a hierarchical construct with a general factor and nested factors capturing specific affordances of the administered tasks. Despite excellent fit of the pp and pc models,
Virtual Twins: Individual Differences and Evolutionary Perspectives N.L. Segal, N.P. Li, J.L. Graham, S.A. Miller, S.A. McGuire Virtual twins (VTs) are same-age, unrelated siblings reared together since infancy. They include adoptive-adoptive and biological-adoptive pairs. VTs replicate the rearing situation of twins, but without the genetic link, offering opportunities to directly assess shared environmental effects on behavioral traits. VTs also allow unique tests of evolutionary-based hypotheses concerning family relations. The research advantage of VTs vs. ordinary adoptive siblings is that VT pair members simultaneously share many life