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The genus Jafneadelphus in Argentina
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gave identical results. With these provisos, there were, however, striking morphological differences between cultures grown on the various media. With calcium chloride the outer parts of the colony became much denser as the cultures matured, with the development of numerous short branches. Such mycelium bore very numerous oogonia. With calcium nitrate or glycerophosphate there were long unbranched hyphae which formed a felt over the upper surface of the colony. Fewer oogonia were produced than with CaCI 2 • With sodium chloride the branches were short and contorted; there were a few normal oogonia and many swellings suggesting abnormal oogonia. With sodium nitrate or glycerophosphate there were some long unbranched hyphae but not to the extent found with the calcium salt. All cultures grown without calcium, including those on basal medium itself, had a very granular texture, with dense 'nodules' formed by branching of the hyphae without much subsequent elongation of the branches. (These nodules were also formed on media with CaCl 2 but without cholesterol.) These results indicate (I) that calcium has a role in oospore maturation not fulfilled by sodium or other medium components; (2) that the pattern of hyphal branching and elongation is affected by the nutrient balance to which calcium and chloride ions make characteristic contributions; formation of numerous oogonia is dependent on this pattern. When agar media were used the addition of calcium chloride was found to have no significant effect on the number of oospores formed ; presumably the calcium requirement is met from the agar itself. REFERENCES
M. E. (1959). The nu trition of Phytophthora fragariae. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 42, 193- 200. ERWIN, D. C. (1968). The effect of calcium on mycelial growth of Phytophthora megasperma and P. cinnamomi. Mycologia 60, I I 12-1 116. HENDRIX,]. W. & GUTTMAN, 8.-M. (1970). Sterol or calcium requirement by Phytophthora parasitica var, nicotianae for growth on nitrate nitrogen. Mycologia 62, I95-IgB. LENNY,]. F. & KLEMMER, H. W. (1966). Fa ctors controlling sexual reproduction and growth in Pythium graminicola, Nature (London) 2og, 1365-6. YA NG, C. Y-D. & MITCHELL, ]. E. (1965) ' Cation effect on reproduction in Pythium spp . Phytopathology 55, I 127- I 13 r ,
DAVlES,
THE GENUS JAFNEADELPHUS IN ARGENTINA J. GAMUNDI Instituto Spegaerini, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales J Museo, La Plata, Argentina IRMA
Two species of ]afneadelphus have been recorded for Argentina, namely ] . argentinus and J. echinatus sp.nov. Some taxonomical and nomenclatural comments are made on the former , and the latter is described and illustrated. Trans. Br. mycol. Soc. 58 (I) , (1972). Printed in Great Britain
Notes and Brief Articles
173
Rifai (1968) erected the genus JaJneadelphus as a segregate of JaJnea Korf (1960) based on the absence of excipular hairs, structure of external (ectal) excipulum and shape of ascospores. These criteria seem to be sound and there is a little doubt that JaJneadelphus can be accepted as a good genus. Until now the genus JaJneadelphus has been represented by four species: J. ferrugineus (PhilI. in Cooke) Rifai from Australia and Japan (the type species), J. calosporus Rifai and J. asperulus Rifai from Australia, J. argentinus Rifai from South America and J. amethystinus (PhilI.) Brumm. from Europe. In the course of my studies on the discomycetes of Tierra del Fuego, I was able to examine numerous collections of J. argentinus and found another undescribed species, which I here propose as new, Jafneadelphus echinatus sp.nov, (Fig. 1A) Apothecia cupulata, sessilia, mediocria (2-8 mm diametri), hymenio concavo, laevi, brunneo-violaceo, in sicco brunneo-fuligineo; margine lacerato crenatoque, inflexo; externa pruinosa, brunneo-rufescentia, in sicco brunneo-nigrescentia. Asci octospori, cylindracei, apice truncato iodo haud coerulescente, 345-385 X 19-24 /lm. Paraphyses pauciseptatae, ad apicem capitatae, 5·5-6·6/lm diam, brunneae. Ascosporae uniseriatae ellipsoideae, polis acutis, primum laeves biguttulatae, demum echinatae, parietibus stramineis, plerumque uniguttulatis, cum ornamento 27'5-30.8 x 17.6-18'7 /lm, absque ornamento 23'1-25'8 X 13'7-15'4 /lm; spinis rectis vel curvis, magnitudine variabili (1·6-4·4/lm longis) basibus polygonalibus non numquam coalescentibus, densis, Excipulum complexum e cortice et medulla constitutum. Cortex 215-350 /lm crassa, in toto brunnea; textura angularis, e cellulis elongato-polygonalis composita, axe majore ad superficiem excipuli perpendiculari, cellulis externis minoribus (13'5-40/lm longis) parietibus brunneis irregularitei incrassatis; medianis majoribus (32-75/lm longis) parietibus pallide brunneis; internis 13-18/lm longis, parietibus brunneis. Medulla 65-1 IO /lm crassa, textura intricata compacta vel epidermoidea, in toto pallide brunnea; hyphae e cellulis brevibus, pallide brunneis vel lutescentibus, articulatis, 1,6-2'7/lm diam constitutae. Subhymenium 45-65 /lm crassum, textura intricata densa, ex hyphis ascogenis constitutum. Habitat terricola. Holotypus in BAFC.
Apothecia cup-shaped, sessile, medium-sized, 2-8 mm diam; flesh firm; disc concave, smooth; hymenium purplish brown (Maerz & Paul pl. 56, I-H-12, 'vinaceus' of Saccardo) when fresh, when dry dark brown (Saccardo's 'fuligineus '); margin split and crenate, incurved; outer surface pruinose, dark brown with a tinge of red, dried blackish brown (Fig, I A). Asci 8-spored, cylindrical with a flat apex not blueing with Melzer's reagent, 345-385 x 19-24 usn. (Fig. 1E). Paraphyses simple, sparingly septate, filiform with a capitate apex of 5'5-6'6,um diam containing brown pigment (Fig, 1E), Ascospores uniseriate, ellipsoidal, with somewhat acute ends, at first smooth with two prominent guttules, later spiny, pale yellowish, usually containing a big guttule and turning brownish with Melzer's reagent; 27'5-30.8 x 17,6-18'7 ,urn with ornament; 23'125'8 x 13'7-15'4,um without ornament; spines straight or curved, variable in size (I '6-4'4,um high) with polygonal bases sometimes coalescent to Trans. Br. mycol. Soc. 58 (I), (1972). Printed in Great Britain
174
Transactions British Mycological Society 5mm
I
I
~
•
I"
B
c
\
I
E
~
G
Fig. I. Jafneadelphus echinatus sp.nov. (holotypus). A, Apothecium. B, Median section of an apothecium: h, hymenium; m, medulla; c, cortex. C, Detail ofB; sh, subhymenium. D, ascospores. E, ascus and paraphyses. F, detail of the medulla and inner cortex. G, Jafneadelphus argentinus (BAFC 21702) paraphyses.
Trans. Br. mycol. Soc. 58 (I), (1972). Printedin Great Britain
Notes and Brief Articles
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form an outline of network, densely disposed, heavily stained by lactic blue (Fig. I D). Excipulum complex constituted of (a) cortex well-developed, 215-350 p,m thick, brownish in toto, of 'textura angularis ', composed of polygonal elongated cells, with the longer axis perpendicular to the surface, the outer small (13'5-40 p,m long.), with brown, irregularly thick walls, those of the median zone larger (32-75 p,m long) with yellowish brown walls, and those of the inner zone smaller (13-38 p,m long.), with pale brown walls (Fig. I, B, C, c); (b) medulla 65-IIO p,m thick, of compact 'textura intricata'to 'epidermoidea', brownish in toto, formed by light brownish to yellowish, short-celled, articulate hyphae (I '6-2'7 p,m diam) (Fig. I, B, C, m). Subhymenium 46-65 p,m thick, of compact 'textura intricata', formed by ascogenous hyphae staining intensely with lactic blue (Fig. I, C, sh). Habitat terricolous, on soil between mosses, in Nothofagus forest. Specimen examined. ARGENTINA: Tierra del Fuego, Lapataia; leg. R. Schuster et 1. Gamundi, 22. ii. 1961, BAFC 20856, HOLOTYPUS. Observations. This species is considered to belong to the genus ]afneadelphus because of its general aspect, excipular structure, asci not blueing in Melzer's reagent, brownish paraphyses and heavily ornamented ascospores with two guttules when young. The generic description (Rifai, 1968, p. 8 I) states that ascospores are 'tuberculated or warted'. In this case they are 'spiny', but of the same nature - that is, reacting intensely in lactic blue. The general agreement in other characters leads me to think it wiser to enlarge the generic concept to include this species, instead of creating a new genus based only on different ascospore ornamentation, since much emphasis is given in modern taxonomy to the excipular structure for defining genera. The purplish-brown hymenium and spiny ascospores sharply distinguish ]. echinatus from ]. argentinus, a species that colonizes the same habitat in Tierra del Fuego.
]AFNEADELPHUS ARGENT/NUS Rifai, Austr. Pezizales. Verhandelingen der K. nederlandsche akademie van ioetenschappen, Afd. Nat. 2, 57 (3), 89, 1968.
]afnea tasmanica (Massee) Gamundi var. singeri Gamundi, Darwiniana 13, 584, 1964.
This species deserves some taxonomic and nomenclatural comments. Taxonomic consideration. Before giving specific status to ]afneadelphus argentinus its author examined the collection BAFC 2 I 702 from Tierra del Fuego, not the type specimen of ]afnea tasmanica var. singeri which is BAFC 30032 from Nahuel Huapi. He stated 'this subcapitate character (in the paraphyses) has been correctly illustrated by Gamundi (1964) but the presence of septa on the paraphyses in erroneous; as in other species of ]afneadelphus I find that in the Argentinian collection studied the septation is confined to the basal part of the paraphyses '. In view of such Trans. Br, mycol. Soc. 58 (I), (1972). Printed in Great Britain
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a categoric statement I re-examined the collection BAFC 2 1702 as well as the type collection (BAFC 30032) finding that Rifai is partially mistaken: there are paraphyses with septa in the upper portion (as shown in Fig. I G) as well as in the lower part. Summing up, the character of 'paraphyses ad apicem non septatae ' given by Rifai in defining his genus is not constant and the generic description should be emended accordingly. The two collections examined are similar and allow me to confirm Rifai's synonymy of JaJneadelphus argentinus and JaJnea tasmanica var. singeri. Nomenclatural consideration. Assuming the acceptance of J. argentinas as a good species distinguishable from J.Jerrugineus by subcapitate paraphyses, ascospores with warts of irregular shape and size and cortical cells more loosely arranged in conical prominences, I must disagree with some of Rifai's nomenclatorial statements. He has the right, according with Art. 60 of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature, to select a new epithet for his new species, disregarding the name of the variety (singeri) already published, but his justification can be disputed. On page 89 Rifai says: 'Aleurina tasmanica Massee (June 1898) was probably described before the name Aleurina (Sacc.) Sacco (1898) was definitely published as a genus. In transferring this species to the genus JaJnea no reference was made by Gamundi (1964) to the publication where Aleurina tasmanica was definitely published (Saccardo, Ig02) and for this reason under the current International Code of Botanical Nomenclature the combination proposed by Gamundi and the new variety described by her rnay have not been validly published. Since Massee's (I 8g8) species is a later synonym of Jafneadelphus ferrugineus there is no need to revalidate the combination proposed by Gamundi ... .' Firstly, there is no evidence that Aleurina tasmanica Massee (I8g8) was described before Aleurina Sacco (subgenus of Phaeopezia) (1884) was elevated to generic level by Saccardo (I8g8). Secondly, even if the generic name Aleurina had not been validly published at the time Massee described the species, the epithet tasmanica would still be priorable according to Art. 68 of the current Code, and the correct reference for the species in question is Aleurina tasmanica Massee, Kew Bull. p. 131 (18g8). This name has been quoted by myself (1964, p. 586) as basionym ofJaJnea tasmanica (Massee) Gamundi. Consequently, the var. singeri published with Latin diagnosis, detailed description and illustration is in accordance with the Code and I see no reason for rejecting the name' as nomen non rite publicatum ?' as did Rifai. Specimens examined. ARGENTINA: Rio Negro, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, Lake Frias, road to Paso de las Nubes, leg. C. Pujals and 1. Gamundi, 24. iv. Ig58, BAFC 20247, on wood; Lake Gutierrez, Pilmayquen river, leg. C.P. and LG., 28. iv. 1958, BAFC 2°322, on soil; Lake Gutierrez, ibid, BAFC 20332, on soil between mosses; Lake Moreno, leg. LG., 9. ii. 1958, BAFC 20043, on soil along a stream. Neuquen: Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, road from Lake Correntoso to Lake Espejo, leg. LG., I I. ii. 1958, BAFC 20032 (holotypus of JaJnea tasmanica var . singeri). Tierra del Fuego: Ushuaia, leg. R. Schuster and LG., 17. ii. Ig61, BAFC 21047, on rich soil between mosses and hepatics; Ushuaia Trans. Br. mycol. Soc. 58 (I ), (1972). Printed in Great Britain
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outskirts, Rio Grande, leg. M. E. Ranalli and I.G., 18. i. 1964, BAFC 2 I 702 (holotypus of Jafneadelphus argentinus) on soil along a stream, on Nothofagus pumilio forest; Lake Fagnano, leg. G. Hassel de Menedez-Lfl., 10. ii. 1965, PLS 33456, on fallen twig; Tierra Mayor, S. slope of Sierra Alvear, leg. G. H. de M. and I.-G., 22. ii. 1961, LPS 33459; Lake Roca, leg. R.S. and I.G., 22. ii. 1961, BAFC 20887, on soil; Lake Escondido E, Cerro Garibaldi, leg. R.S. and I.G., 26. ii. 1961, BAFC 20935, on fallen twig; Lake Escondido E., leg. R.S. and I.G., 25. ii. 1961, BAFC 20910, on bare soil. I am most grateful to Dr R. Singer for his help on nomenclatural problems, and to Drs R. W. G. Dennis and D. M. Dring who read the manuscript and made valuable suggestions. Thanks are also due to Dr A. L. Cabrera for help with Latin diagnosis. REFERENCES
BRUMMELEN,]. VAN (1969). Studies on discomycetes: III. Persoonia 5, 225-231. COOKE, M. C. (1888). Australian fungi. Grevillea 8, 54-68. GAMUNDf, I. G. (1964). Discomycetes Operculados de Nahuel Huapi, Argentina. Darwiniana 13, 568-606. KORF, R. P. (1960). Jajnea, a new genus of the Pezizaceae. Nagaoa 7, 1-8. MAERZ, A. & PAUL, M. R. (1930). A dictionary of color. rst ed. New York. MASSEE, G. (1898). DCIX, fungi exotici, I. Kew Bulletin pp. 113-136. RIFAI, M. A. (1968). The Australasian Pezizalcs in the Herbarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Afd. Natuurkunde, 2, 57 (3), 1-295. SACCARDO, P. A. (1884). Conspectus generum discomycetum hucusque cognitorum. Botanisches Zentralblatt 18, 2 I 3-220, 247-256. SACCARDO, P. A. (18g8). Tabulae comparativae generumjungorum omnium. Patavii. SACCARDO, P. A. & SYDOW, P. (1902). Syllogejungorum hucusque cognitorum, 16. Patavii.
Trans. Br. mycol. Soc. 58 (I), (1972). Printed in Great Britain
Transactions British Mycological Society
gave identical results. With these provisos, there were, however, striking morphological differences between cultures grown on the various media. With calcium chloride the outer parts of the colony became much denser as the cultures matured, with the development of numerous short branches. Such mycelium bore very numerous oogonia. With calcium nitrate or glycerophosphate there were long unbranched hyphae which formed a felt over the upper surface of the colony. Fewer oogonia were produced than with CaCI 2 • With sodium chloride the branches were short and contorted; there were a few normal oogonia and many swellings suggesting abnormal oogonia. With sodium nitrate or glycerophosphate there were some long unbranched hyphae but not to the extent found with the calcium salt. All cultures grown without calcium, including those on basal medium itself, had a very granular texture, with dense 'nodules' formed by branching of the hyphae without much subsequent elongation of the branches. (These nodules were also formed on media with CaCl 2 but without cholesterol.) These results indicate (I) that calcium has a role in oospore maturation not fulfilled by sodium or other medium components; (2) that the pattern of hyphal branching and elongation is affected by the nutrient balance to which calcium and chloride ions make characteristic contributions; formation of numerous oogonia is dependent on this pattern. When agar media were used the addition of calcium chloride was found to have no significant effect on the number of oospores formed ; presumably the calcium requirement is met from the agar itself. REFERENCES
M. E. (1959). The nu trition of Phytophthora fragariae. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 42, 193- 200. ERWIN, D. C. (1968). The effect of calcium on mycelial growth of Phytophthora megasperma and P. cinnamomi. Mycologia 60, I I 12-1 116. HENDRIX,]. W. & GUTTMAN, 8.-M. (1970). Sterol or calcium requirement by Phytophthora parasitica var, nicotianae for growth on nitrate nitrogen. Mycologia 62, I95-IgB. LENNY,]. F. & KLEMMER, H. W. (1966). Fa ctors controlling sexual reproduction and growth in Pythium graminicola, Nature (London) 2og, 1365-6. YA NG, C. Y-D. & MITCHELL, ]. E. (1965) ' Cation effect on reproduction in Pythium spp . Phytopathology 55, I 127- I 13 r ,
DAVlES,
THE GENUS JAFNEADELPHUS IN ARGENTINA J. GAMUNDI Instituto Spegaerini, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales J Museo, La Plata, Argentina IRMA
Two species of ]afneadelphus have been recorded for Argentina, namely ] . argentinus and J. echinatus sp.nov. Some taxonomical and nomenclatural comments are made on the former , and the latter is described and illustrated. Trans. Br. mycol. Soc. 58 (I) , (1972). Printed in Great Britain
Notes and Brief Articles
173
Rifai (1968) erected the genus JaJneadelphus as a segregate of JaJnea Korf (1960) based on the absence of excipular hairs, structure of external (ectal) excipulum and shape of ascospores. These criteria seem to be sound and there is a little doubt that JaJneadelphus can be accepted as a good genus. Until now the genus JaJneadelphus has been represented by four species: J. ferrugineus (PhilI. in Cooke) Rifai from Australia and Japan (the type species), J. calosporus Rifai and J. asperulus Rifai from Australia, J. argentinus Rifai from South America and J. amethystinus (PhilI.) Brumm. from Europe. In the course of my studies on the discomycetes of Tierra del Fuego, I was able to examine numerous collections of J. argentinus and found another undescribed species, which I here propose as new, Jafneadelphus echinatus sp.nov, (Fig. 1A) Apothecia cupulata, sessilia, mediocria (2-8 mm diametri), hymenio concavo, laevi, brunneo-violaceo, in sicco brunneo-fuligineo; margine lacerato crenatoque, inflexo; externa pruinosa, brunneo-rufescentia, in sicco brunneo-nigrescentia. Asci octospori, cylindracei, apice truncato iodo haud coerulescente, 345-385 X 19-24 /lm. Paraphyses pauciseptatae, ad apicem capitatae, 5·5-6·6/lm diam, brunneae. Ascosporae uniseriatae ellipsoideae, polis acutis, primum laeves biguttulatae, demum echinatae, parietibus stramineis, plerumque uniguttulatis, cum ornamento 27'5-30.8 x 17.6-18'7 /lm, absque ornamento 23'1-25'8 X 13'7-15'4 /lm; spinis rectis vel curvis, magnitudine variabili (1·6-4·4/lm longis) basibus polygonalibus non numquam coalescentibus, densis, Excipulum complexum e cortice et medulla constitutum. Cortex 215-350 /lm crassa, in toto brunnea; textura angularis, e cellulis elongato-polygonalis composita, axe majore ad superficiem excipuli perpendiculari, cellulis externis minoribus (13'5-40/lm longis) parietibus brunneis irregularitei incrassatis; medianis majoribus (32-75/lm longis) parietibus pallide brunneis; internis 13-18/lm longis, parietibus brunneis. Medulla 65-1 IO /lm crassa, textura intricata compacta vel epidermoidea, in toto pallide brunnea; hyphae e cellulis brevibus, pallide brunneis vel lutescentibus, articulatis, 1,6-2'7/lm diam constitutae. Subhymenium 45-65 /lm crassum, textura intricata densa, ex hyphis ascogenis constitutum. Habitat terricola. Holotypus in BAFC.
Apothecia cup-shaped, sessile, medium-sized, 2-8 mm diam; flesh firm; disc concave, smooth; hymenium purplish brown (Maerz & Paul pl. 56, I-H-12, 'vinaceus' of Saccardo) when fresh, when dry dark brown (Saccardo's 'fuligineus '); margin split and crenate, incurved; outer surface pruinose, dark brown with a tinge of red, dried blackish brown (Fig, I A). Asci 8-spored, cylindrical with a flat apex not blueing with Melzer's reagent, 345-385 x 19-24 usn. (Fig. 1E). Paraphyses simple, sparingly septate, filiform with a capitate apex of 5'5-6'6,um diam containing brown pigment (Fig, 1E), Ascospores uniseriate, ellipsoidal, with somewhat acute ends, at first smooth with two prominent guttules, later spiny, pale yellowish, usually containing a big guttule and turning brownish with Melzer's reagent; 27'5-30.8 x 17,6-18'7 ,urn with ornament; 23'125'8 x 13'7-15'4,um without ornament; spines straight or curved, variable in size (I '6-4'4,um high) with polygonal bases sometimes coalescent to Trans. Br. mycol. Soc. 58 (I), (1972). Printed in Great Britain
174
Transactions British Mycological Society 5mm
I
I
~
•
I"
B
c
\
I
E
~
G
Fig. I. Jafneadelphus echinatus sp.nov. (holotypus). A, Apothecium. B, Median section of an apothecium: h, hymenium; m, medulla; c, cortex. C, Detail ofB; sh, subhymenium. D, ascospores. E, ascus and paraphyses. F, detail of the medulla and inner cortex. G, Jafneadelphus argentinus (BAFC 21702) paraphyses.
Trans. Br. mycol. Soc. 58 (I), (1972). Printedin Great Britain
Notes and Brief Articles
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form an outline of network, densely disposed, heavily stained by lactic blue (Fig. I D). Excipulum complex constituted of (a) cortex well-developed, 215-350 p,m thick, brownish in toto, of 'textura angularis ', composed of polygonal elongated cells, with the longer axis perpendicular to the surface, the outer small (13'5-40 p,m long.), with brown, irregularly thick walls, those of the median zone larger (32-75 p,m long) with yellowish brown walls, and those of the inner zone smaller (13-38 p,m long.), with pale brown walls (Fig. I, B, C, c); (b) medulla 65-IIO p,m thick, of compact 'textura intricata'to 'epidermoidea', brownish in toto, formed by light brownish to yellowish, short-celled, articulate hyphae (I '6-2'7 p,m diam) (Fig. I, B, C, m). Subhymenium 46-65 p,m thick, of compact 'textura intricata', formed by ascogenous hyphae staining intensely with lactic blue (Fig. I, C, sh). Habitat terricolous, on soil between mosses, in Nothofagus forest. Specimen examined. ARGENTINA: Tierra del Fuego, Lapataia; leg. R. Schuster et 1. Gamundi, 22. ii. 1961, BAFC 20856, HOLOTYPUS. Observations. This species is considered to belong to the genus ]afneadelphus because of its general aspect, excipular structure, asci not blueing in Melzer's reagent, brownish paraphyses and heavily ornamented ascospores with two guttules when young. The generic description (Rifai, 1968, p. 8 I) states that ascospores are 'tuberculated or warted'. In this case they are 'spiny', but of the same nature - that is, reacting intensely in lactic blue. The general agreement in other characters leads me to think it wiser to enlarge the generic concept to include this species, instead of creating a new genus based only on different ascospore ornamentation, since much emphasis is given in modern taxonomy to the excipular structure for defining genera. The purplish-brown hymenium and spiny ascospores sharply distinguish ]. echinatus from ]. argentinus, a species that colonizes the same habitat in Tierra del Fuego.
]AFNEADELPHUS ARGENT/NUS Rifai, Austr. Pezizales. Verhandelingen der K. nederlandsche akademie van ioetenschappen, Afd. Nat. 2, 57 (3), 89, 1968.
]afnea tasmanica (Massee) Gamundi var. singeri Gamundi, Darwiniana 13, 584, 1964.
This species deserves some taxonomic and nomenclatural comments. Taxonomic consideration. Before giving specific status to ]afneadelphus argentinus its author examined the collection BAFC 2 I 702 from Tierra del Fuego, not the type specimen of ]afnea tasmanica var. singeri which is BAFC 30032 from Nahuel Huapi. He stated 'this subcapitate character (in the paraphyses) has been correctly illustrated by Gamundi (1964) but the presence of septa on the paraphyses in erroneous; as in other species of ]afneadelphus I find that in the Argentinian collection studied the septation is confined to the basal part of the paraphyses '. In view of such Trans. Br, mycol. Soc. 58 (I), (1972). Printed in Great Britain
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a categoric statement I re-examined the collection BAFC 2 1702 as well as the type collection (BAFC 30032) finding that Rifai is partially mistaken: there are paraphyses with septa in the upper portion (as shown in Fig. I G) as well as in the lower part. Summing up, the character of 'paraphyses ad apicem non septatae ' given by Rifai in defining his genus is not constant and the generic description should be emended accordingly. The two collections examined are similar and allow me to confirm Rifai's synonymy of JaJneadelphus argentinus and JaJnea tasmanica var. singeri. Nomenclatural consideration. Assuming the acceptance of J. argentinas as a good species distinguishable from J.Jerrugineus by subcapitate paraphyses, ascospores with warts of irregular shape and size and cortical cells more loosely arranged in conical prominences, I must disagree with some of Rifai's nomenclatorial statements. He has the right, according with Art. 60 of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature, to select a new epithet for his new species, disregarding the name of the variety (singeri) already published, but his justification can be disputed. On page 89 Rifai says: 'Aleurina tasmanica Massee (June 1898) was probably described before the name Aleurina (Sacc.) Sacco (1898) was definitely published as a genus. In transferring this species to the genus JaJnea no reference was made by Gamundi (1964) to the publication where Aleurina tasmanica was definitely published (Saccardo, Ig02) and for this reason under the current International Code of Botanical Nomenclature the combination proposed by Gamundi and the new variety described by her rnay have not been validly published. Since Massee's (I 8g8) species is a later synonym of Jafneadelphus ferrugineus there is no need to revalidate the combination proposed by Gamundi ... .' Firstly, there is no evidence that Aleurina tasmanica Massee (I8g8) was described before Aleurina Sacco (subgenus of Phaeopezia) (1884) was elevated to generic level by Saccardo (I8g8). Secondly, even if the generic name Aleurina had not been validly published at the time Massee described the species, the epithet tasmanica would still be priorable according to Art. 68 of the current Code, and the correct reference for the species in question is Aleurina tasmanica Massee, Kew Bull. p. 131 (18g8). This name has been quoted by myself (1964, p. 586) as basionym ofJaJnea tasmanica (Massee) Gamundi. Consequently, the var. singeri published with Latin diagnosis, detailed description and illustration is in accordance with the Code and I see no reason for rejecting the name' as nomen non rite publicatum ?' as did Rifai. Specimens examined. ARGENTINA: Rio Negro, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, Lake Frias, road to Paso de las Nubes, leg. C. Pujals and 1. Gamundi, 24. iv. Ig58, BAFC 20247, on wood; Lake Gutierrez, Pilmayquen river, leg. C.P. and LG., 28. iv. 1958, BAFC 2°322, on soil; Lake Gutierrez, ibid, BAFC 20332, on soil between mosses; Lake Moreno, leg. LG., 9. ii. 1958, BAFC 20043, on soil along a stream. Neuquen: Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, road from Lake Correntoso to Lake Espejo, leg. LG., I I. ii. 1958, BAFC 20032 (holotypus of JaJnea tasmanica var . singeri). Tierra del Fuego: Ushuaia, leg. R. Schuster and LG., 17. ii. Ig61, BAFC 21047, on rich soil between mosses and hepatics; Ushuaia Trans. Br. mycol. Soc. 58 (I ), (1972). Printed in Great Britain
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outskirts, Rio Grande, leg. M. E. Ranalli and I.G., 18. i. 1964, BAFC 2 I 702 (holotypus of Jafneadelphus argentinus) on soil along a stream, on Nothofagus pumilio forest; Lake Fagnano, leg. G. Hassel de Menedez-Lfl., 10. ii. 1965, PLS 33456, on fallen twig; Tierra Mayor, S. slope of Sierra Alvear, leg. G. H. de M. and I.-G., 22. ii. 1961, LPS 33459; Lake Roca, leg. R.S. and I.G., 22. ii. 1961, BAFC 20887, on soil; Lake Escondido E, Cerro Garibaldi, leg. R.S. and I.G., 26. ii. 1961, BAFC 20935, on fallen twig; Lake Escondido E., leg. R.S. and I.G., 25. ii. 1961, BAFC 20910, on bare soil. I am most grateful to Dr R. Singer for his help on nomenclatural problems, and to Drs R. W. G. Dennis and D. M. Dring who read the manuscript and made valuable suggestions. Thanks are also due to Dr A. L. Cabrera for help with Latin diagnosis. REFERENCES
BRUMMELEN,]. VAN (1969). Studies on discomycetes: III. Persoonia 5, 225-231. COOKE, M. C. (1888). Australian fungi. Grevillea 8, 54-68. GAMUNDf, I. G. (1964). Discomycetes Operculados de Nahuel Huapi, Argentina. Darwiniana 13, 568-606. KORF, R. P. (1960). Jajnea, a new genus of the Pezizaceae. Nagaoa 7, 1-8. MAERZ, A. & PAUL, M. R. (1930). A dictionary of color. rst ed. New York. MASSEE, G. (1898). DCIX, fungi exotici, I. Kew Bulletin pp. 113-136. RIFAI, M. A. (1968). The Australasian Pezizalcs in the Herbarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Afd. Natuurkunde, 2, 57 (3), 1-295. SACCARDO, P. A. (1884). Conspectus generum discomycetum hucusque cognitorum. Botanisches Zentralblatt 18, 2 I 3-220, 247-256. SACCARDO, P. A. (18g8). Tabulae comparativae generumjungorum omnium. Patavii. SACCARDO, P. A. & SYDOW, P. (1902). Syllogejungorum hucusque cognitorum, 16. Patavii.
Trans. Br. mycol. Soc. 58 (I), (1972). Printed in Great Britain