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The heart as a surgical organ, with special reference to development of a new blood supply by operation
ABSTRACTS
Lederer, Emil: the Method. Arch.
f. exper.
Studies of the Capillary Circulation. Part I. Basic PrinciplesPart II. The Action of Different Drugs Upon the Circulation. Path.
u. Pharmakol.
182:
1S2 and
36.1, 1936.
Part I. Studies of the nail beds of twelve children by means of a capillary microscope were made, each on ten or eleven different days. A length of capillary loop 0.4 mm. long was measured out with a micrometer, and the passage of a red blood cell through the capillary was timed by holding down a button connected to a chronometer during its passage. For traversing the 0.4 mm. of capillary from 1.6 to 2.4 sec. were required. Variations in the same child from day to day under similar conditions and at similar times were from 0.3 to 0.S sec. Part II. The author then proceeded to study the effect of various drugs. Thyroxin, acetplcholin hydrate, and padutin (a muscle extract) were usually followed by a widening of the capillaries, the appearance of new loops, and an increase in rate of flow, frequently to a point where it was too swift to be timed. It is interesting to note that this occurred in fifteen to thirty minutes after sobcut,aneous injection of thyroxin in nine of the twelve children. (As is well known, the basal metabolic rate of tissue does not change until much later.) Adrenalin, atropin, and pitressin all slowed tile capillary stream, often to the point of complete cessation of flow, and caused disappearanae of many capillary loops. J.
Faber, B., and Kjaergaard, Hearts. Brit. J. Radio].
II.:
X-ray
Kymograms
of Normal
M.
S.
and Pathological
9: 335, 1936.
This paper is one of the many which during the last few years have appeared in the European literature as evidence of the wide acceptance which this method of examination is gaining. It comes from the Provincial Hospital of Aarhus, Denmark, and is the report of 1,700 cases which have been analyzed by the authors. They find x-ray kymography particularly useful in the examination of mitral hearts. They emphasize the importance of hardness of the wall of the aorta in interfering with aortic movements, also in syphilitic aortitis which thus may become difficult to distinguish from arteriosclerot,ic aortitis by this method. They also emphasize the value of this method in differentiating between aneurysm and mediastinal tumor. They have never found a ( ‘ Type 2 ” shadow (that is the type in which the waves at the base of the heart are more powerful than those in the apex area) in young persons with normal hearts. This they, therefore, consider evidence of pathology though it need not necessarily represent definite anatomical change in the ventricle of the heart. They have seen it especially in corormry scIerosis and after coronary thrombosis. The paper closes with the remark that they believe that kymography is the future method of x-ray examination of the heart. J. J.
Beck, Claude S.: The Heart as a Surgical Organ, With Special Reference to Development of a New Blood Supply by Operation. Ohio State M. J. 32: 113, 193G. A brief
&sumir
of
surgical procedures useful for the care of heart The author then proceeds to explain the basis treatment of coronary sclerosis by implantation of pectile muscle grafts of the heart. He describes the experimental development of the operation and then on four patients. He believes the experimental results on animals and those obtained patients indicate that coronary sclerosis may be treated satisfactorily
wounds is presented.
disease and for surgical to the wall of animals in the four by such an
operation. H. McC.
Lederer, Emil: the Method. Arch.
f. exper.
Studies of the Capillary Circulation. Part I. Basic PrinciplesPart II. The Action of Different Drugs Upon the Circulation. Path.
u. Pharmakol.
182:
1S2 and
36.1, 1936.
Part I. Studies of the nail beds of twelve children by means of a capillary microscope were made, each on ten or eleven different days. A length of capillary loop 0.4 mm. long was measured out with a micrometer, and the passage of a red blood cell through the capillary was timed by holding down a button connected to a chronometer during its passage. For traversing the 0.4 mm. of capillary from 1.6 to 2.4 sec. were required. Variations in the same child from day to day under similar conditions and at similar times were from 0.3 to 0.S sec. Part II. The author then proceeded to study the effect of various drugs. Thyroxin, acetplcholin hydrate, and padutin (a muscle extract) were usually followed by a widening of the capillaries, the appearance of new loops, and an increase in rate of flow, frequently to a point where it was too swift to be timed. It is interesting to note that this occurred in fifteen to thirty minutes after sobcut,aneous injection of thyroxin in nine of the twelve children. (As is well known, the basal metabolic rate of tissue does not change until much later.) Adrenalin, atropin, and pitressin all slowed tile capillary stream, often to the point of complete cessation of flow, and caused disappearanae of many capillary loops. J.
Faber, B., and Kjaergaard, Hearts. Brit. J. Radio].
II.:
X-ray
Kymograms
of Normal
M.
S.
and Pathological
9: 335, 1936.
This paper is one of the many which during the last few years have appeared in the European literature as evidence of the wide acceptance which this method of examination is gaining. It comes from the Provincial Hospital of Aarhus, Denmark, and is the report of 1,700 cases which have been analyzed by the authors. They find x-ray kymography particularly useful in the examination of mitral hearts. They emphasize the importance of hardness of the wall of the aorta in interfering with aortic movements, also in syphilitic aortitis which thus may become difficult to distinguish from arteriosclerot,ic aortitis by this method. They also emphasize the value of this method in differentiating between aneurysm and mediastinal tumor. They have never found a ( ‘ Type 2 ” shadow (that is the type in which the waves at the base of the heart are more powerful than those in the apex area) in young persons with normal hearts. This they, therefore, consider evidence of pathology though it need not necessarily represent definite anatomical change in the ventricle of the heart. They have seen it especially in corormry scIerosis and after coronary thrombosis. The paper closes with the remark that they believe that kymography is the future method of x-ray examination of the heart. J. J.
Beck, Claude S.: The Heart as a Surgical Organ, With Special Reference to Development of a New Blood Supply by Operation. Ohio State M. J. 32: 113, 193G. A brief
&sumir
of
surgical procedures useful for the care of heart The author then proceeds to explain the basis treatment of coronary sclerosis by implantation of pectile muscle grafts of the heart. He describes the experimental development of the operation and then on four patients. He believes the experimental results on animals and those obtained patients indicate that coronary sclerosis may be treated satisfactorily
wounds is presented.
disease and for surgical to the wall of animals in the four by such an
operation. H. McC.