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The human corpus luteum
902
AMERIC:AN
Wodon, J. L.: frang.
JOURNAL
OF
The Menopause
de gyn@c.
et d ‘ok&.
OBSTETRICS
and the Biological 29:
927,
AND
GYNECOLOGY
Diagnosis
of Pregnancy,
During the menopause, whether spontaneous or artificially times finds in the urine a substance which is capable of hemorrhages in the rabbit, in spite of the absence of pregnancy. ditions the L4schheim-Zondck test presents the same possibility Friedman test. Since the substance which is responsible for rhages in weaker than it is during normal pregnancy, an error may be avoided by simultaneously injecting t,wo animals, one other with 5 C.C. of urine. A diagnosis of pregnancy should both rabbits show a positive reaction.
produced, one someproducing follicular Under such conof error as the the follicular hemorin biologic diagnosis with 15 c’.c. and the not be made unless J.
Pratt,
J. P.: The Human
Pratt reviews first its history, ology, chemistry,
Rev.
1934.
Corpus Luteum,
P.
GREENHILL
Arch. Path. 19: 380 and 545, 1935.
the recorded studies of the human corpus luteum. He considers origin, macroscopic and microscopic structure, maturation, physiand pathology. His comments are as follows: The literature
on corpus luteum is voluminous with often no distinction made to indicate thl: species studied. It is difficult, therefore, to separate references to human beings from those of lower animals. In many instances no distinction is matle between cstrus and menstruation. However, animal experimentation has laid the foundation for interpretation of hunran problems. There is quite general agreement as to the anatomic structure of the corpus lutcum but, the concept of its function is still in transition. Accumulated knowledge of the past has been of value but th4: recent progress in chemistry epitomized hy the isolation of theeliu in pure orystalline form from many sources including the corpus luteum and the isolation of progestin from corpora lutea of some animals, marks the beginning of a new era. The discovery of the control of ovarian function by the anterior lobe of the hypophysis is important but it is unwise to predict that all disturbed functions of the gonads can be regulated by the administration of incretions of the anterior lobe. The physiologic function intrinsic within the gonads must account for some of the major phenomena of the reproductive cycle. With these new developments it is possible to hope that eventually a rational therapy will be developed. Many therapeutic ventures to prevent disturbances of nidation have been based on the assumption that the corpus luteum is essential to nidation. Until more evidence is atlduced to show that a specific hormone is provitled by the corpus lutcum which influences nidation, such therapy must he classed as empirical. Interpretation should bc critical so that progress may continue. W.
Fluhmann, C. F.: A New Procedure for the Demonstration of Women, Endocrinology 18: 705, 1934.
of Estrin
R.
HERBIX.
in the Blood
Fluhmann describes a biologic test for th e demonstration of estrin in the blood of women. The test depends on the injection of small amounts of untreated serums into spayed mice. A positive result is indicated by the production of a ‘ ‘ mucification ’ ’ of the vaginal mucosa. The method may be applied to quantitative studies, provided a sufficient number of test animals are employed. The examination of 80 specimens of blood stages of their menstrual cycles showed that
obtained from 46 women the maximal concentration
at different of estrin
AMERIC:AN
Wodon, J. L.: frang.
JOURNAL
OF
The Menopause
de gyn@c.
et d ‘ok&.
OBSTETRICS
and the Biological 29:
927,
AND
GYNECOLOGY
Diagnosis
of Pregnancy,
During the menopause, whether spontaneous or artificially times finds in the urine a substance which is capable of hemorrhages in the rabbit, in spite of the absence of pregnancy. ditions the L4schheim-Zondck test presents the same possibility Friedman test. Since the substance which is responsible for rhages in weaker than it is during normal pregnancy, an error may be avoided by simultaneously injecting t,wo animals, one other with 5 C.C. of urine. A diagnosis of pregnancy should both rabbits show a positive reaction.
produced, one someproducing follicular Under such conof error as the the follicular hemorin biologic diagnosis with 15 c’.c. and the not be made unless J.
Pratt,
J. P.: The Human
Pratt reviews first its history, ology, chemistry,
Rev.
1934.
Corpus Luteum,
P.
GREENHILL
Arch. Path. 19: 380 and 545, 1935.
the recorded studies of the human corpus luteum. He considers origin, macroscopic and microscopic structure, maturation, physiand pathology. His comments are as follows: The literature
on corpus luteum is voluminous with often no distinction made to indicate thl: species studied. It is difficult, therefore, to separate references to human beings from those of lower animals. In many instances no distinction is matle between cstrus and menstruation. However, animal experimentation has laid the foundation for interpretation of hunran problems. There is quite general agreement as to the anatomic structure of the corpus lutcum but, the concept of its function is still in transition. Accumulated knowledge of the past has been of value but th4: recent progress in chemistry epitomized hy the isolation of theeliu in pure orystalline form from many sources including the corpus luteum and the isolation of progestin from corpora lutea of some animals, marks the beginning of a new era. The discovery of the control of ovarian function by the anterior lobe of the hypophysis is important but it is unwise to predict that all disturbed functions of the gonads can be regulated by the administration of incretions of the anterior lobe. The physiologic function intrinsic within the gonads must account for some of the major phenomena of the reproductive cycle. With these new developments it is possible to hope that eventually a rational therapy will be developed. Many therapeutic ventures to prevent disturbances of nidation have been based on the assumption that the corpus luteum is essential to nidation. Until more evidence is atlduced to show that a specific hormone is provitled by the corpus lutcum which influences nidation, such therapy must he classed as empirical. Interpretation should bc critical so that progress may continue. W.
Fluhmann, C. F.: A New Procedure for the Demonstration of Women, Endocrinology 18: 705, 1934.
of Estrin
R.
HERBIX.
in the Blood
Fluhmann describes a biologic test for th e demonstration of estrin in the blood of women. The test depends on the injection of small amounts of untreated serums into spayed mice. A positive result is indicated by the production of a ‘ ‘ mucification ’ ’ of the vaginal mucosa. The method may be applied to quantitative studies, provided a sufficient number of test animals are employed. The examination of 80 specimens of blood stages of their menstrual cycles showed that
obtained from 46 women the maximal concentration
at different of estrin