- Email: [email protected]
The impact of maternal singing on glucocorticoids, cytokines, anxiety, affect and mother–infant bonding
Abstracts / Psychoneuroendocrinology 83S (2017) 1–89
hormones being powerful determinants of behavioral states, sexbiased hormonal responses could potentially be one explanation for the sex difference in the incidence of PTSD. Fear generalization is characterized by excessive fear toward stimuli that have never been specifically associated with the traumatic event. Methods: To study fear generalization in the mouse, we paired specific tone presentations (Tone1) with mild foot-shocks, and, one day later, measured freezing responses to a neutral Tone2. Results: Female mice that were ovariectomized and implanted with estrogen pellets (OVX+E) delivering proestrous levels of estrogen, freeze significantly more to Tone2 compared to OVX+cholesterol controls. Conclusions: Fear generalization is modulated by estrogen and my talk will focus on our efforts to dissect the neurobiological mechanisms underlying this estrogen-dependent modulation. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.07.459 Adrenal insufficiency in rats after prolonged exposure to the predator cue: A new animal model of post-traumatic stress disorder Olga B. Tseilikman 1 , Maxim S. Lapshin 1 , Mariya V. Komelkova 1,8 , Marina V. Kondashevskaya 2 , Eliyahu V. Dremencov 3,4,1 , Eugenia B. Manukhina 5,6 , H. Fred Downey 6 , Svetlana S. Lazuko 7 , Olga P. Kuzhel 7 , Vadim E. Tseylikman 1,8,∗ , Denis A. Kozochkin 1 1
South Ural State University Biomedical School, Russian Federation 2 Federal State Budjetary Scientific Institution of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russian Federation 3 Institute of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Centre for Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia 4 Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia 5 Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russian Federation 6 Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, USA 7 Vitebsk State Medical University, Vitebsk, Belarus 8 South Ural State Medical University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation E-mail address: [email protected] (V.E. Tseylikman). Background: Animal models of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), based on rodents’ exposure to a predator cue, have demonstrated good validity. However, these models are usually based on a single exposure. The aim of our study was to validate a new PTSD model based on the prolonged rodents’ exposure to the predator cue. This model can prototype specific types of PTSD developments due to prolonged exposure to danger (e.g., warfare). Methods: Adult male Wistar rats were exposed to cat urine, once a day for 10 min, during ten consecutive days. Two weeks after the last exposure, animals’ weight, blood pressure, and anxious behavior were measured. The animals were then euthanized and plasma and tissue levels of stress hormones were assessed. Results: The rats exposed to the predator cue had a decreased adrenal gland weight and demonstrated an increased level of anxiety. Their systolic blood pressure was significantly lower than in controls. The concentration of corticosterone in plasma and in
83
the adrenal gland tissue was decreased. Plasma concentration of interleukin-1 in rats exposed to the predator cue was thirty times greater than in controls. In addition, rats exposed to the predator cue had signs of oxidative stress in brain, heart, adrenal gland and liver, and lipid dystrophy of the liver. Conclusion: Chronic exposure to life danger leads to severe brain, adrenal, cardiovascular, and liver oxidative stress-related pathologies. These pathologies are mediated, at least in part, by corticosterone and interleukin-1. Acknowledgements: This work was supported by Russian Scientific Found grant 17-15-013418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.07.460 Symposium 25: Singing, dancing, playing and listening for better health: Neurohumoral responses to musical activities Time: Saturday, 09/Sep/2017: 4:15 pm–5:45 pm Session Chair: Gunter Kreutz The impact of maternal singing on glucocorticoids, cytokines, anxiety, affect and mother–infant bonding Daisy Fancourt 1,2,∗ , Rosie Perkins 3 1
Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, United Kingdom 2 Psychobiology Group, Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, United Kingdom 3 Centre for Performance Science, Royal College of Music, United Kingdom E-mail address: [email protected] (D. Fancourt). Background: There has been growing research on the impact of maternal singing on infants, with data showing both reductions in behavioural anxiety and improvements in physiological measures. However, to date there has been little quantitative exploration of the impact of infant-directed singing on mothers. Methods: Two studies were conducted: a within-subject crossover design with 43 mothers (aged 28–45) with babies aged 3–14 months old, and a randomised controlled trial with 101 mothers (aged 22–47) with babies aged 1–9 months old. In both groups, sessions of mother–infant singing involving 10–12 mothers in a group were compared with a control condition involving chatting and playing with the babies. Participants completed psychological questionnaires (measuring affect, anxiety and mother–infant bonding) and gave saliva samples pre- and post-each activity to test for cortisol, cortisone, DHEA and a range of cytokines (IL-1, IL6, IL10 and IFN-␥). Results: Singing led to significantly greater increases in mother–infant bonding and positive affect than the control condition alongside significantly greater reductions in negative affect and anxiety. It also led to significantly greater reductions in cortisol, but not cortisone or DHEA. Singing also led to significantly greater decreases in IL-1 and IFN-␥ but not IL-6 or IL-10. Conclusions: Overall, however, this study demonstrates for the first time the psychobiological impact of infant-directed singing on mothers. It sheds light on our evolutionary understanding of the role of singing for mothers and their infants. Further research remains to be undertaken to explore the longer-term psychobiological effects of mother–infant singing on maternal health and wellbeing. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.07.461
hormones being powerful determinants of behavioral states, sexbiased hormonal responses could potentially be one explanation for the sex difference in the incidence of PTSD. Fear generalization is characterized by excessive fear toward stimuli that have never been specifically associated with the traumatic event. Methods: To study fear generalization in the mouse, we paired specific tone presentations (Tone1) with mild foot-shocks, and, one day later, measured freezing responses to a neutral Tone2. Results: Female mice that were ovariectomized and implanted with estrogen pellets (OVX+E) delivering proestrous levels of estrogen, freeze significantly more to Tone2 compared to OVX+cholesterol controls. Conclusions: Fear generalization is modulated by estrogen and my talk will focus on our efforts to dissect the neurobiological mechanisms underlying this estrogen-dependent modulation. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.07.459 Adrenal insufficiency in rats after prolonged exposure to the predator cue: A new animal model of post-traumatic stress disorder Olga B. Tseilikman 1 , Maxim S. Lapshin 1 , Mariya V. Komelkova 1,8 , Marina V. Kondashevskaya 2 , Eliyahu V. Dremencov 3,4,1 , Eugenia B. Manukhina 5,6 , H. Fred Downey 6 , Svetlana S. Lazuko 7 , Olga P. Kuzhel 7 , Vadim E. Tseylikman 1,8,∗ , Denis A. Kozochkin 1 1
South Ural State University Biomedical School, Russian Federation 2 Federal State Budjetary Scientific Institution of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russian Federation 3 Institute of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Centre for Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia 4 Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia 5 Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russian Federation 6 Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, USA 7 Vitebsk State Medical University, Vitebsk, Belarus 8 South Ural State Medical University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation E-mail address: [email protected] (V.E. Tseylikman). Background: Animal models of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), based on rodents’ exposure to a predator cue, have demonstrated good validity. However, these models are usually based on a single exposure. The aim of our study was to validate a new PTSD model based on the prolonged rodents’ exposure to the predator cue. This model can prototype specific types of PTSD developments due to prolonged exposure to danger (e.g., warfare). Methods: Adult male Wistar rats were exposed to cat urine, once a day for 10 min, during ten consecutive days. Two weeks after the last exposure, animals’ weight, blood pressure, and anxious behavior were measured. The animals were then euthanized and plasma and tissue levels of stress hormones were assessed. Results: The rats exposed to the predator cue had a decreased adrenal gland weight and demonstrated an increased level of anxiety. Their systolic blood pressure was significantly lower than in controls. The concentration of corticosterone in plasma and in
83
the adrenal gland tissue was decreased. Plasma concentration of interleukin-1 in rats exposed to the predator cue was thirty times greater than in controls. In addition, rats exposed to the predator cue had signs of oxidative stress in brain, heart, adrenal gland and liver, and lipid dystrophy of the liver. Conclusion: Chronic exposure to life danger leads to severe brain, adrenal, cardiovascular, and liver oxidative stress-related pathologies. These pathologies are mediated, at least in part, by corticosterone and interleukin-1. Acknowledgements: This work was supported by Russian Scientific Found grant 17-15-013418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.07.460 Symposium 25: Singing, dancing, playing and listening for better health: Neurohumoral responses to musical activities Time: Saturday, 09/Sep/2017: 4:15 pm–5:45 pm Session Chair: Gunter Kreutz The impact of maternal singing on glucocorticoids, cytokines, anxiety, affect and mother–infant bonding Daisy Fancourt 1,2,∗ , Rosie Perkins 3 1
Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, United Kingdom 2 Psychobiology Group, Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, United Kingdom 3 Centre for Performance Science, Royal College of Music, United Kingdom E-mail address: [email protected] (D. Fancourt). Background: There has been growing research on the impact of maternal singing on infants, with data showing both reductions in behavioural anxiety and improvements in physiological measures. However, to date there has been little quantitative exploration of the impact of infant-directed singing on mothers. Methods: Two studies were conducted: a within-subject crossover design with 43 mothers (aged 28–45) with babies aged 3–14 months old, and a randomised controlled trial with 101 mothers (aged 22–47) with babies aged 1–9 months old. In both groups, sessions of mother–infant singing involving 10–12 mothers in a group were compared with a control condition involving chatting and playing with the babies. Participants completed psychological questionnaires (measuring affect, anxiety and mother–infant bonding) and gave saliva samples pre- and post-each activity to test for cortisol, cortisone, DHEA and a range of cytokines (IL-1, IL6, IL10 and IFN-␥). Results: Singing led to significantly greater increases in mother–infant bonding and positive affect than the control condition alongside significantly greater reductions in negative affect and anxiety. It also led to significantly greater reductions in cortisol, but not cortisone or DHEA. Singing also led to significantly greater decreases in IL-1 and IFN-␥ but not IL-6 or IL-10. Conclusions: Overall, however, this study demonstrates for the first time the psychobiological impact of infant-directed singing on mothers. It sheds light on our evolutionary understanding of the role of singing for mothers and their infants. Further research remains to be undertaken to explore the longer-term psychobiological effects of mother–infant singing on maternal health and wellbeing. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.07.461