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The Korean deep seabed mining: legal and economic perspective
OLR (1985) 32 (12)
F. General
seabed technology transfer should be settled on the basis of realism and interdependence. Ocean Policy Dept., KORDI, Seoul, Korea. 85:7357 Ellis, Derek, 1985. Editorial. Environmental audits. Mar. Pollut. Bull., 16(5):171-172. Guidelines for auditors of environmental programs are presented. Three tasks are involved: auditing the credibility, comprehensiveness and relevance of an environmental program. The credibility audit is technical, the comprehensiveness audit concerns the scope of the program, and the relevance audit determines whether the data pertain to the expected impacts. One essential is that there be agreement beforehand between the auditor and the retaining agency on what is to be appraised. Other suggestions for making the audit an integral part of environmental quality control are offered. (wbg) 85:7358 Fitzgerald, E.A., 1985. Secretary of Interior v. CaliIornia: should continental shelf lease sales be subject to consistency review? Boston Coll. environ. Affairs Law Rev., 12(3):425-471. The background and events which preceded litigation over Lease Sale 53 are reviewed and judicial opinions rendered, including the January 11, 1984, Supreme Court decision, are examined. The Court's narrow interpretation of the 1972 CZMA's provision that federal activity 'directly affecting' coastal zones not conflict with state CZM programs is analyzed and two congressional bills aimed at reversing the Court's decision are discussed. St. John's Univ., Collegeville, MN, USA. (llt) 85:7359 Hong, S.-Y. and S.-Y. Yoo, 1984. The Korean deep seabed mining: legal and economic perspective. Bull. Korea Ocean Res. Dev. Inst., 6(1-2):57-64. (In Korean, English abstract.) Successful operation of the Preparatory Commission will ensure early enforcement of the Law of the Sea Treaty. The policy problem in this study is to find the best alternative for Korea to participate in the exploitation of deep seabed resources under the newly established LOS regime. Ocean Policy Dept., KORDI, Seoul, Korea. 85:7360 Slot, P.J., 1985. The international legal regime for navigation. Ocean Dev. int. Law, 15(I):89-98. Safety of life at sea and protection of an owner's vessel and cargo are the primary reasons for formulating navigation rules. Vessels traditionally
1057
have been subject to either flag state jurisdiction or coastal state jurisdiction. Rules were drawn up by the International Marine Organization and set forth in the 1974 SOLAS (Safety of Life at Sea) Convention and its 1978 Protocol, which considerably extended coastal state control. Sea lane designation and traffic schemes remain a major implementation issue for archipelagic states such as Indonesia. Europa Inst., Natl. Univ. of Leiden, Netherlands. (llt) 85:7361 Sullivan, W.L. Jr., 1985. Is there a [U.S.I national ocean policy? Ocean Dev. int. Law, 15(1):77-88. The proposed National Ocean Policy Commission has focused attention on the numerous laws, treaties, statements, and Presidential Proclamations which comprise U.S. national ocean policy. The lack of a single law or document has led critics to assert no policy exists, but the author suggests that difficulty in accommodating conflicting interests is the real problem, not lack of a policy. An articulation by the Commission of the U.S. position in respect to each Law of the Sea issue would clarify existing policy, and serve as a benchmark and starting point for future policy questions. NMFS, NOAA, Washington, DC, USA. (lit) 85:7362 Waldichuk, Michael, 1985. Viewpoint. Roberts Bank coal port, British Columbia: how did the environmental impact assessment fare? Mar. Pollut. Bull., 16(5): 179-185. This paper presents an analysis of Canada's Environmental Assessment Panel's projections on the Roberts Bank Expansion Project in light of recent impact studies of the coal port's expansion. The effect of the expansion has been small (relative to the impact of the original construction) and not all of the effects have been negative. For example, flourishing eelgrass serves as a prime habitat and food source for fish and avian wildlife. The expansion is unlikely to cause a substantial decline in the numbers of birds, fish and invertebrates that live there. Canada Dept. of Fish. and Oceans, West Vancouver, Canada. (wbg)
F310. Contemporary development of science (especially o c e a n o g r a p h y ) 85:7363 Idso, S.B., 1985. The search for global CO2 etc. 'greenhouse effects.' Environ. Conserv., 12(I):2935.
F. General
seabed technology transfer should be settled on the basis of realism and interdependence. Ocean Policy Dept., KORDI, Seoul, Korea. 85:7357 Ellis, Derek, 1985. Editorial. Environmental audits. Mar. Pollut. Bull., 16(5):171-172. Guidelines for auditors of environmental programs are presented. Three tasks are involved: auditing the credibility, comprehensiveness and relevance of an environmental program. The credibility audit is technical, the comprehensiveness audit concerns the scope of the program, and the relevance audit determines whether the data pertain to the expected impacts. One essential is that there be agreement beforehand between the auditor and the retaining agency on what is to be appraised. Other suggestions for making the audit an integral part of environmental quality control are offered. (wbg) 85:7358 Fitzgerald, E.A., 1985. Secretary of Interior v. CaliIornia: should continental shelf lease sales be subject to consistency review? Boston Coll. environ. Affairs Law Rev., 12(3):425-471. The background and events which preceded litigation over Lease Sale 53 are reviewed and judicial opinions rendered, including the January 11, 1984, Supreme Court decision, are examined. The Court's narrow interpretation of the 1972 CZMA's provision that federal activity 'directly affecting' coastal zones not conflict with state CZM programs is analyzed and two congressional bills aimed at reversing the Court's decision are discussed. St. John's Univ., Collegeville, MN, USA. (llt) 85:7359 Hong, S.-Y. and S.-Y. Yoo, 1984. The Korean deep seabed mining: legal and economic perspective. Bull. Korea Ocean Res. Dev. Inst., 6(1-2):57-64. (In Korean, English abstract.) Successful operation of the Preparatory Commission will ensure early enforcement of the Law of the Sea Treaty. The policy problem in this study is to find the best alternative for Korea to participate in the exploitation of deep seabed resources under the newly established LOS regime. Ocean Policy Dept., KORDI, Seoul, Korea. 85:7360 Slot, P.J., 1985. The international legal regime for navigation. Ocean Dev. int. Law, 15(I):89-98. Safety of life at sea and protection of an owner's vessel and cargo are the primary reasons for formulating navigation rules. Vessels traditionally
1057
have been subject to either flag state jurisdiction or coastal state jurisdiction. Rules were drawn up by the International Marine Organization and set forth in the 1974 SOLAS (Safety of Life at Sea) Convention and its 1978 Protocol, which considerably extended coastal state control. Sea lane designation and traffic schemes remain a major implementation issue for archipelagic states such as Indonesia. Europa Inst., Natl. Univ. of Leiden, Netherlands. (llt) 85:7361 Sullivan, W.L. Jr., 1985. Is there a [U.S.I national ocean policy? Ocean Dev. int. Law, 15(1):77-88. The proposed National Ocean Policy Commission has focused attention on the numerous laws, treaties, statements, and Presidential Proclamations which comprise U.S. national ocean policy. The lack of a single law or document has led critics to assert no policy exists, but the author suggests that difficulty in accommodating conflicting interests is the real problem, not lack of a policy. An articulation by the Commission of the U.S. position in respect to each Law of the Sea issue would clarify existing policy, and serve as a benchmark and starting point for future policy questions. NMFS, NOAA, Washington, DC, USA. (lit) 85:7362 Waldichuk, Michael, 1985. Viewpoint. Roberts Bank coal port, British Columbia: how did the environmental impact assessment fare? Mar. Pollut. Bull., 16(5): 179-185. This paper presents an analysis of Canada's Environmental Assessment Panel's projections on the Roberts Bank Expansion Project in light of recent impact studies of the coal port's expansion. The effect of the expansion has been small (relative to the impact of the original construction) and not all of the effects have been negative. For example, flourishing eelgrass serves as a prime habitat and food source for fish and avian wildlife. The expansion is unlikely to cause a substantial decline in the numbers of birds, fish and invertebrates that live there. Canada Dept. of Fish. and Oceans, West Vancouver, Canada. (wbg)
F310. Contemporary development of science (especially o c e a n o g r a p h y ) 85:7363 Idso, S.B., 1985. The search for global CO2 etc. 'greenhouse effects.' Environ. Conserv., 12(I):2935.