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The landscape of immuno-oncology clinical trials in China
abstracts 1293P
Annals of Oncology
The landscape of immuno-oncology clinical trials in China
Disclosure: All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
D. Wu, H. Huang, N. Li, S. Wang, H. Fang, Y. Yu, Y. Bai, B. Xu, Y. Sun Department of Clinical Trials Center, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/annonc/article-abstract/30/Supplement_5/mdz253.118/5577937 by guest on 26 October 2019
Background: A bran-new landscape of immuno-oncology (IO) is arising in China rapidly, with IO development a hotspot in biopharmaceutical industries. Moreover, a paucity of data on the panorama of IO clinical trials in China inspired us to present the systemic analysis for stakeholders in this field. Methods: Based on the Platform for Registry and Publicity of Drug Clinical Trials, a national authoritative database by China Food and Drug Administration, the trials for IO agents issued from 2013 to 2018 were explored using newly developed agents (by six types of mechanism and targets) and the number of initiated trials as key indicators. The clinical development stages of all agents were presented by targets. In addition, time trends in annually initiated trials and cumulative indication distribution were investigated. Results: There were 62 IO agents and 230 initiated trials in China from 2013 to 2018, with 46 (74.2%) agents and 154 (67.0%) trials from domestic firms. The 62 agents modulated 18 targets focusing on PD-1 (17, 27.4%), PD-L1 (12, 19.4%) and unspecified tumor-associated antigens (5, 8.1%). Only 8 agents of cell therapy were ever developed for registration purpose. PD-1/L1 targets were most extensively investigated with a total of 180 (78.3%) trials and 4 agents approved. The annual number of trials showed an upward trend, and the sharp increase for trials of T-cell targeted immuno-modulators was seen with an average growth rate of 199.1% since 2016. In terms of cancer types, solid tumor (56, 24.3%), non-small cell lung cancer (45, 19.6%) and hepatocellular cancer (20, 8.7%) were the most common. Only 14 (6.1%) trials applied a biomarker enrichment strategy.
Table: 1293P The landscape of immuno-oncology targets in clinical development in China since 2013 Types
Targets
T-cell targeted PD-1 PD-L1 immunomodulator CTLA-4 IDO1/TDO IDO1 CD137 LAG3 OX40 PD-1/CTLA-4 PD-L1/CTLA-4 PD-L1/ TGF-bRII Other immuno- Unspecified modulator CD47 MUC1 Cancer vaccine TLR EGF MUC1 Cell Therapy Unspecified CD19 BCMA Oncolytic virus GM-CSFR CD3-targeted CD19 HER2 bispecific mAb
Agents N ¼ 62 (%) Total
Phase I Phase ApprovII/III ed
17 (27.4) 12 (19.4) 3 (4.8) 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
6 5 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 2 1 1 4 (6.5) 3 (4.8) 1 4 (6.5) 1 1
7 7 2
1 1 1 2 1 1 2 3 1 1 1
2 1 3
4
Trials N ¼ 230 (%)
129 (56.1) 51 (22.2) 11 (4.8) 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 (2.2) 1 1 2 1 1 4 (1.7) 3 (1.3) 1 9 (3.9) 1 1
Conclusions: Though a gap exists in the number of agents and targets between China and the global pipeline, the rising capability of IO has been achieved in China recently. Efforts should be further made in novel targets, cell therapy for registration purpose, Chinese unique cancers and new trial designs. Legal entity responsible for the study: National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. Funding: Has not received any funding.
v526 | Immunotherapy of Cancer
Volume 30 | Supplement 5 | October 2019
Annals of Oncology
The landscape of immuno-oncology clinical trials in China
Disclosure: All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
D. Wu, H. Huang, N. Li, S. Wang, H. Fang, Y. Yu, Y. Bai, B. Xu, Y. Sun Department of Clinical Trials Center, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/annonc/article-abstract/30/Supplement_5/mdz253.118/5577937 by guest on 26 October 2019
Background: A bran-new landscape of immuno-oncology (IO) is arising in China rapidly, with IO development a hotspot in biopharmaceutical industries. Moreover, a paucity of data on the panorama of IO clinical trials in China inspired us to present the systemic analysis for stakeholders in this field. Methods: Based on the Platform for Registry and Publicity of Drug Clinical Trials, a national authoritative database by China Food and Drug Administration, the trials for IO agents issued from 2013 to 2018 were explored using newly developed agents (by six types of mechanism and targets) and the number of initiated trials as key indicators. The clinical development stages of all agents were presented by targets. In addition, time trends in annually initiated trials and cumulative indication distribution were investigated. Results: There were 62 IO agents and 230 initiated trials in China from 2013 to 2018, with 46 (74.2%) agents and 154 (67.0%) trials from domestic firms. The 62 agents modulated 18 targets focusing on PD-1 (17, 27.4%), PD-L1 (12, 19.4%) and unspecified tumor-associated antigens (5, 8.1%). Only 8 agents of cell therapy were ever developed for registration purpose. PD-1/L1 targets were most extensively investigated with a total of 180 (78.3%) trials and 4 agents approved. The annual number of trials showed an upward trend, and the sharp increase for trials of T-cell targeted immuno-modulators was seen with an average growth rate of 199.1% since 2016. In terms of cancer types, solid tumor (56, 24.3%), non-small cell lung cancer (45, 19.6%) and hepatocellular cancer (20, 8.7%) were the most common. Only 14 (6.1%) trials applied a biomarker enrichment strategy.
Table: 1293P The landscape of immuno-oncology targets in clinical development in China since 2013 Types
Targets
T-cell targeted PD-1 PD-L1 immunomodulator CTLA-4 IDO1/TDO IDO1 CD137 LAG3 OX40 PD-1/CTLA-4 PD-L1/CTLA-4 PD-L1/ TGF-bRII Other immuno- Unspecified modulator CD47 MUC1 Cancer vaccine TLR EGF MUC1 Cell Therapy Unspecified CD19 BCMA Oncolytic virus GM-CSFR CD3-targeted CD19 HER2 bispecific mAb
Agents N ¼ 62 (%) Total
Phase I Phase ApprovII/III ed
17 (27.4) 12 (19.4) 3 (4.8) 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
6 5 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 2 1 1 4 (6.5) 3 (4.8) 1 4 (6.5) 1 1
7 7 2
1 1 1 2 1 1 2 3 1 1 1
2 1 3
4
Trials N ¼ 230 (%)
129 (56.1) 51 (22.2) 11 (4.8) 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 (2.2) 1 1 2 1 1 4 (1.7) 3 (1.3) 1 9 (3.9) 1 1
Conclusions: Though a gap exists in the number of agents and targets between China and the global pipeline, the rising capability of IO has been achieved in China recently. Efforts should be further made in novel targets, cell therapy for registration purpose, Chinese unique cancers and new trial designs. Legal entity responsible for the study: National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. Funding: Has not received any funding.
v526 | Immunotherapy of Cancer
Volume 30 | Supplement 5 | October 2019