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THE LITERATURE OF BLOOD TRANSFUSION
40 of the necessaries of life will not keep pace with the growth of the population so that there is a prospect of a steady deterioration in the state of nutrition of the people." Does evolution really demand this high natality and the high mortality to which it must On another page of our present apparently lead issue is set out Sir John Megaw’s own answer to this question. In India, he says, a comprehensive food policy is needed to save that country from a relapse into barbarism. Educated Indian opinion already recognises this and he is hopeful of the success of a concerted national movement. NEW YEAR HONOURS
THE decorations and dignities conferred by the King this New Year are few compared with those granted in last year’s list of Birthday honours,
which commemorated the Silver Jubilee. Of the five new knighthoods, Dr. Knuthsen’s is a promotion in the Royal Victorian Order, two are given for services in India, and two go to surgeons of high distinction, Prof. Wilkie of Edinburgh, and Mr. Devine of Melbourne. Outside the straiter bounds of medicine we are glad to note that the list of new knights includes the name of Prof. Arthur Harden, F.R.S., biochemist and Nobel prizeman, while others closely associated with medical activities are Mr. Percival Hartley, D.Sc., director of the Department of Biological Standards, Mr. J. F. Marshall, director of the British Mosquito Control Institute at Hayling Island, and Miss Olga Nethersole, founder of the People’s League of Health, all of whom are created C.B.E. Sir Gomer Berry, who receives a peerage, has been for many years an open-handed supporter of hospitals and the medical efforts associated with them. To these and to all whose names are set out on p. 60 we offer congratulations.
and it is difficult to see how its plan could be Its general accuracy can only be properly assessed by use, but it seems possible that the index of names could be made fuller ; for example, one name which appears six times in the bibliography is only given two entries in the index. The compilation of the list is still proceeding, and a supplement will be published when sufficient material has accumulated. Suggestions will be welcomed by the Institute for Blood Transfusion in Leningrad.
be,
improved.
THE second International Congress of Microbiology will be held in London from July 25th to August lst under the presidency of Prof. J. C. G. Ledingham, F.R.S. The congress will have its headquarters at University College, and its meetings have been arranged under the following sections: general biology of micro-organisms(president, Prof. viruses and virus E. Gotschlich, Heidelberg) ; diseases in animals and plants (Prof. R. Doerr, Basle); bacteria and fungi in relation to disease in man, animals, and plants (Mr. E. J. Butler, F.R.S., London, and Prof. H. Zinsser, Boston) ; economic bacteriology, soil, dairying, and industrial microbiology (Prof. R. E. Buchanan, Iowa); medical, veterinary, and agricultural zoology and parasitology (Prof. E. Brumpt, Paris) ; serology and immunochemistry (Prof. K. Landsteiner, New York); microbiological chemistry and specific immunisation in the control of human and animal disease (Prof. W. H. Park, New York). The hon. general secretary for the congress is Dr. R. St. John Brooks, Lister Institute of Preventive Medicine, Chelsea Bridgeroad, London, S.W. 1.
INFECTIOUS DISEASE
THE LITERATURE OF BLOOD TRANSFUSION IN ENGLAND
FIFTEEN years ago a bibliography of blood transfusion would have consisted of one to two hundred entries dealing chiefly with the early experiments on the technique. Since 1920 the subject has grown and its ramifications are still spreading enormously as the difficult subject of blood groups and reactions is slowly unravelled, and as the indications for transfusion increase. A bibliography of the whole field has now been compiled by Dr. E. Koenig1 in Russia, and although this only covers the period 1900-33 the number of entries runs to 4323. It is improbable that even so it is complete, but it is comprehensive enough to be extremely valuable to everyone working on any aspect of the problem. The bibliography has been compiled by the Scientific Research Institute for Blood Transfusion in Leningrad and is published conjointly by the Institute and the 17 estni7c Chir,crguii.. The titles of the Russian, German, English, French, and Italian papers are printed in the original languages, and there are in addition German translations of the titles from Czech,
Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Georgian, Hungarian, Japanese, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Rumanian, Serbian, Spanish, Swedish, Ukrainian, and WhiteRussian sources. The whole subject has been divided into 22 sections and 77 subsections, the headings of the sections being printed in the first five languages mentioned. The book is therefore a
model of what
an
international
bibliography
should
1 International Bibliography on the Problems of Blood Transfusion and the Theory of Blood Groups, 1900-1933. By Dr. E. Koenig. 1935. Leningrad : Vestnik Chirurguii. Pp. 226. R.12 k.50.
AND WALES DURING THE WEEK ENDED
DEC.21ST, 1935
Notifications.-The following cases of infectious disease were notified during the week : Small-pox, 0 ; scarlet fever, 2522 ; diphtheria, 1216 ; enteric fever, 14 ; acute pneumonia (primary or influenzal), 1073 ; puerperal fever, 30 ; puerperal pyrexia, 107 ; cerebro-spinal fever, 17 ; acute poliomyelitis, 6 ; acute polio-encephalitis, 1 ; encephalitis lethargica, 10 ; dysentery, 48 ; ophthalmia neonatorum, 72. No case of cholera, plague, or typhus fever was notified during the week. The number of
County Council
in the Infectious Hospitals of the London Dec. 27th was 3590, which included : Scarlet
cases
on
fever, 1171 ; diphtheria, 1204; measles, 250 ; whoopingcough, 399 ; puerperal fever, 20 mothers (plus 15 babies) ; encephalitislethargica, 280 ; poliomyelitis, 3. At St. Margaret’s Hospital there were 14 babies (plus 2 mothers) with ophthalmia neonatorum.
Deaths.-In 121 great towns, including London, there was no death from small-pox. 4 (1) from enteric fever, 39 (4) from measles, 8 (0) from scarlet fever, 20 (6) from whooping-cough, 55 (9) from diphtheria, 39 (9) from diarrhoea and enteritis under two years, and 67 (8) from influenza. The figures in parentheses are those for London itself. Portsmouth, Manchester, and Grimsby each had 1 death from enteric fever. Liverpool reported 12 deaths from measles, Manchester 6, Bootle 3, Blackburn, St. Helens, and Stockton-onTees each 2. Liverpool also reported 5 deaths from whoopingcough. The deaths from diphtheria were reported from 30 great towns ; 5 from Birmingham, 4 from Huddersfield, 3 each from Bradford anti Sunderland. The mortality from influenza is scattered over 34 great towns, Manchester and Birmingham each reporting 6, Liverpool 5, Southampton 3, no other great town more than 2.
The number of stillbirths notified during the week was 254 (corresponding to a rate of 42 per 1000 total births), including 49 in London.
THE decorations and dignities conferred by the King this New Year are few compared with those granted in last year’s list of Birthday honours,
which commemorated the Silver Jubilee. Of the five new knighthoods, Dr. Knuthsen’s is a promotion in the Royal Victorian Order, two are given for services in India, and two go to surgeons of high distinction, Prof. Wilkie of Edinburgh, and Mr. Devine of Melbourne. Outside the straiter bounds of medicine we are glad to note that the list of new knights includes the name of Prof. Arthur Harden, F.R.S., biochemist and Nobel prizeman, while others closely associated with medical activities are Mr. Percival Hartley, D.Sc., director of the Department of Biological Standards, Mr. J. F. Marshall, director of the British Mosquito Control Institute at Hayling Island, and Miss Olga Nethersole, founder of the People’s League of Health, all of whom are created C.B.E. Sir Gomer Berry, who receives a peerage, has been for many years an open-handed supporter of hospitals and the medical efforts associated with them. To these and to all whose names are set out on p. 60 we offer congratulations.
and it is difficult to see how its plan could be Its general accuracy can only be properly assessed by use, but it seems possible that the index of names could be made fuller ; for example, one name which appears six times in the bibliography is only given two entries in the index. The compilation of the list is still proceeding, and a supplement will be published when sufficient material has accumulated. Suggestions will be welcomed by the Institute for Blood Transfusion in Leningrad.
be,
improved.
THE second International Congress of Microbiology will be held in London from July 25th to August lst under the presidency of Prof. J. C. G. Ledingham, F.R.S. The congress will have its headquarters at University College, and its meetings have been arranged under the following sections: general biology of micro-organisms(president, Prof. viruses and virus E. Gotschlich, Heidelberg) ; diseases in animals and plants (Prof. R. Doerr, Basle); bacteria and fungi in relation to disease in man, animals, and plants (Mr. E. J. Butler, F.R.S., London, and Prof. H. Zinsser, Boston) ; economic bacteriology, soil, dairying, and industrial microbiology (Prof. R. E. Buchanan, Iowa); medical, veterinary, and agricultural zoology and parasitology (Prof. E. Brumpt, Paris) ; serology and immunochemistry (Prof. K. Landsteiner, New York); microbiological chemistry and specific immunisation in the control of human and animal disease (Prof. W. H. Park, New York). The hon. general secretary for the congress is Dr. R. St. John Brooks, Lister Institute of Preventive Medicine, Chelsea Bridgeroad, London, S.W. 1.
INFECTIOUS DISEASE
THE LITERATURE OF BLOOD TRANSFUSION IN ENGLAND
FIFTEEN years ago a bibliography of blood transfusion would have consisted of one to two hundred entries dealing chiefly with the early experiments on the technique. Since 1920 the subject has grown and its ramifications are still spreading enormously as the difficult subject of blood groups and reactions is slowly unravelled, and as the indications for transfusion increase. A bibliography of the whole field has now been compiled by Dr. E. Koenig1 in Russia, and although this only covers the period 1900-33 the number of entries runs to 4323. It is improbable that even so it is complete, but it is comprehensive enough to be extremely valuable to everyone working on any aspect of the problem. The bibliography has been compiled by the Scientific Research Institute for Blood Transfusion in Leningrad and is published conjointly by the Institute and the 17 estni7c Chir,crguii.. The titles of the Russian, German, English, French, and Italian papers are printed in the original languages, and there are in addition German translations of the titles from Czech,
Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Georgian, Hungarian, Japanese, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Rumanian, Serbian, Spanish, Swedish, Ukrainian, and WhiteRussian sources. The whole subject has been divided into 22 sections and 77 subsections, the headings of the sections being printed in the first five languages mentioned. The book is therefore a
model of what
an
international
bibliography
should
1 International Bibliography on the Problems of Blood Transfusion and the Theory of Blood Groups, 1900-1933. By Dr. E. Koenig. 1935. Leningrad : Vestnik Chirurguii. Pp. 226. R.12 k.50.
AND WALES DURING THE WEEK ENDED
DEC.21ST, 1935
Notifications.-The following cases of infectious disease were notified during the week : Small-pox, 0 ; scarlet fever, 2522 ; diphtheria, 1216 ; enteric fever, 14 ; acute pneumonia (primary or influenzal), 1073 ; puerperal fever, 30 ; puerperal pyrexia, 107 ; cerebro-spinal fever, 17 ; acute poliomyelitis, 6 ; acute polio-encephalitis, 1 ; encephalitis lethargica, 10 ; dysentery, 48 ; ophthalmia neonatorum, 72. No case of cholera, plague, or typhus fever was notified during the week. The number of
County Council
in the Infectious Hospitals of the London Dec. 27th was 3590, which included : Scarlet
cases
on
fever, 1171 ; diphtheria, 1204; measles, 250 ; whoopingcough, 399 ; puerperal fever, 20 mothers (plus 15 babies) ; encephalitislethargica, 280 ; poliomyelitis, 3. At St. Margaret’s Hospital there were 14 babies (plus 2 mothers) with ophthalmia neonatorum.
Deaths.-In 121 great towns, including London, there was no death from small-pox. 4 (1) from enteric fever, 39 (4) from measles, 8 (0) from scarlet fever, 20 (6) from whooping-cough, 55 (9) from diphtheria, 39 (9) from diarrhoea and enteritis under two years, and 67 (8) from influenza. The figures in parentheses are those for London itself. Portsmouth, Manchester, and Grimsby each had 1 death from enteric fever. Liverpool reported 12 deaths from measles, Manchester 6, Bootle 3, Blackburn, St. Helens, and Stockton-onTees each 2. Liverpool also reported 5 deaths from whoopingcough. The deaths from diphtheria were reported from 30 great towns ; 5 from Birmingham, 4 from Huddersfield, 3 each from Bradford anti Sunderland. The mortality from influenza is scattered over 34 great towns, Manchester and Birmingham each reporting 6, Liverpool 5, Southampton 3, no other great town more than 2.
The number of stillbirths notified during the week was 254 (corresponding to a rate of 42 per 1000 total births), including 49 in London.