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The liver-related egg envelope formation in fish, oryzias latipes
500
501
COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON THE FINE STRUCTURES OF THE SPERMATOZOON OF THE GRASS CARP, SINGUO RED CARP AND THE CATFISH.
The fine structures of the spermatozoon of the Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus), Singuo red carp (Cyprinus earpio var.) and the Catfish (Clarias lazera) were studied based on the transmission electron microscopy. The same fine structures are: i) A mature spermatozoon consists of the head and the tail, the neck is not distinct. 2) No acrosome is differentiated. 3) The structure of the axial filament of the tail reveals a "9+2" pattern. The dissimilar fine structures are: i) The head of the spermatozoon of the Grass carp and Singuo red carp is fully occupied by the nucleus but in the Catfish, cytoplasm is richly behind the nucleus. 2) The tail of the Grass carp and Singuo red carp contains the middle piece, the main piece and the end piece but in the Catfish only has the end piece. 3) The fibrious saccus lying in the middle piece of the tail of the spermatozoon of the Grass carp and Singuo red carp is obvious, but is lacking in the Catfish. Discussions in the variation of the fine structures of the spermatozoon are also given in brief.
GENETIC DISSECTION OF SPERMATOGENESIS IN DROSOPHILA HYDEI J.H.P. Hackstein, H. Beck I) , W. Henni~( R. ~ e ~ H - ? . Kremer, H. Zacharias ~j Dept.Mol.Dev.Genetics,Catholic University of NiJmegen, Toernooiveld, NL-6525 ED NiJmegen, The Netherlands I) present address:Cosmital SA,CH-1723 Marly/ Switzerland 2) Dept.Zoology, University of Kiel, D-2300 Kiel/F.R.G. We screened more than 16,000 chromosomes of Drosophila hydei for mutations leading to male sterility. 365 male sterile mutations on the chromosomes i, 2, 3 and 4 were analysed cytologically and classified according to their morphological phenotypes. The development of the primary spermatocyte nucleus and male meiosis is controlled by a number of non-allelic genes. Modification or absence of the Y-chromosomal lampbrush-loops does not necessarily interfere with the stage specific shaping of the nuclear membrane or the performance of male meiosis. Postmeiotically, the differentiation of the spermatid nucleus, the nebenkern, and the flagellum can be decoupled by male sterile mutations. Thus, after the modification or even the absence of one component of the spermatide, the other organelles can continue their development.
502
503
Guanghua, L. Jiangxi University, 17 East Nanj ing Road Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
THE LIVER-RELATED EGG ENVELOPE T I O N IN F I S H , O R Y Z I A S L A T I P E S . T.S. Hamazaki, I. Yamagami, Life Sci. Univ., Tokyo, JAPAN
Iuchi Inst.,
DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION OF HEAT SHOCK PROTEINS IN ~ L E AND FEMALE LOGGERHEAD TURTLE EMBRYOS, DURING THE SEX-DETERMINING PERIOD. Earry, J.L.,Williams, K.L. and Briscoe, D.A.
FORMA-
and K. Sophia
Sex determination in the loggerhead turtle is controlled by incubation temperature during embryonic development. Morphometric analysis reveals different growth patterns for the urinogenital system, during the sex-determining period, for embryos developing at the male:(26°C) or female-(32°C) determining temperatures. During this period of temperature-dependent growth, heat-shock protein expression was studied in urinogenital tissue from developing male and female embryos. While no sex differences in the developmental expression of hsp70 are observed during the temperature-sensitive period, the results for hsp90 are very interesting. Two proteins bands (Mr; 42kD and 48kd), recognised by monoclonal antibody AC88 (Dr.D. Toft, Mayo Clinic, Minnesota, USA) to hsp90, are differentially expressed in male and female urinogenital tissues within the sex-determining period. Further, the stages at which these two proteins are present/ absent on SDS-gels correlate with the developmental stages where growth differences are observed. It is now possible to distinguish between potential male and female embryos at a very early stage of development, preceding a final commitment to sexual differentiation.
A liver-derived glycoprotein, which is i m m u n o r e a c t i v e with anti-egg envelope glycoprotein antibody, is present only in t h e s p a w n i n g female fish, Oryzias latipes, under natural conditions. This spawning femalespecific (SF) substance is distinct from vitellogenin (precursor of egg yolk proteins) but closely resembles a major glycoprotein component, ZI-3, of the inner layer of the ovarian egg (vitelline) envelope with respect to some biochemical and im~ochemical characteristics. The ['=~I]SF substance, injected into the abdominal cavity of the spawning female fish, was rapidly transported by the blood circulation into the ovary and specifically incorporated into the inn e r l a y e r of t h e e g g e n v e l o p e of the growing oocytes. The results indicate that the liver-derived S F s u b s t a n c e is a precursor of the major component, Z I - 3 , of t h e i n n e r layer of the egg e n v e l o p e in t h e f i s h .
S153
501
COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON THE FINE STRUCTURES OF THE SPERMATOZOON OF THE GRASS CARP, SINGUO RED CARP AND THE CATFISH.
The fine structures of the spermatozoon of the Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus), Singuo red carp (Cyprinus earpio var.) and the Catfish (Clarias lazera) were studied based on the transmission electron microscopy. The same fine structures are: i) A mature spermatozoon consists of the head and the tail, the neck is not distinct. 2) No acrosome is differentiated. 3) The structure of the axial filament of the tail reveals a "9+2" pattern. The dissimilar fine structures are: i) The head of the spermatozoon of the Grass carp and Singuo red carp is fully occupied by the nucleus but in the Catfish, cytoplasm is richly behind the nucleus. 2) The tail of the Grass carp and Singuo red carp contains the middle piece, the main piece and the end piece but in the Catfish only has the end piece. 3) The fibrious saccus lying in the middle piece of the tail of the spermatozoon of the Grass carp and Singuo red carp is obvious, but is lacking in the Catfish. Discussions in the variation of the fine structures of the spermatozoon are also given in brief.
GENETIC DISSECTION OF SPERMATOGENESIS IN DROSOPHILA HYDEI J.H.P. Hackstein, H. Beck I) , W. Henni~( R. ~ e ~ H - ? . Kremer, H. Zacharias ~j Dept.Mol.Dev.Genetics,Catholic University of NiJmegen, Toernooiveld, NL-6525 ED NiJmegen, The Netherlands I) present address:Cosmital SA,CH-1723 Marly/ Switzerland 2) Dept.Zoology, University of Kiel, D-2300 Kiel/F.R.G. We screened more than 16,000 chromosomes of Drosophila hydei for mutations leading to male sterility. 365 male sterile mutations on the chromosomes i, 2, 3 and 4 were analysed cytologically and classified according to their morphological phenotypes. The development of the primary spermatocyte nucleus and male meiosis is controlled by a number of non-allelic genes. Modification or absence of the Y-chromosomal lampbrush-loops does not necessarily interfere with the stage specific shaping of the nuclear membrane or the performance of male meiosis. Postmeiotically, the differentiation of the spermatid nucleus, the nebenkern, and the flagellum can be decoupled by male sterile mutations. Thus, after the modification or even the absence of one component of the spermatide, the other organelles can continue their development.
502
503
Guanghua, L. Jiangxi University, 17 East Nanj ing Road Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
THE LIVER-RELATED EGG ENVELOPE T I O N IN F I S H , O R Y Z I A S L A T I P E S . T.S. Hamazaki, I. Yamagami, Life Sci. Univ., Tokyo, JAPAN
Iuchi Inst.,
DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION OF HEAT SHOCK PROTEINS IN ~ L E AND FEMALE LOGGERHEAD TURTLE EMBRYOS, DURING THE SEX-DETERMINING PERIOD. Earry, J.L.,Williams, K.L. and Briscoe, D.A.
FORMA-
and K. Sophia
Sex determination in the loggerhead turtle is controlled by incubation temperature during embryonic development. Morphometric analysis reveals different growth patterns for the urinogenital system, during the sex-determining period, for embryos developing at the male:(26°C) or female-(32°C) determining temperatures. During this period of temperature-dependent growth, heat-shock protein expression was studied in urinogenital tissue from developing male and female embryos. While no sex differences in the developmental expression of hsp70 are observed during the temperature-sensitive period, the results for hsp90 are very interesting. Two proteins bands (Mr; 42kD and 48kd), recognised by monoclonal antibody AC88 (Dr.D. Toft, Mayo Clinic, Minnesota, USA) to hsp90, are differentially expressed in male and female urinogenital tissues within the sex-determining period. Further, the stages at which these two proteins are present/ absent on SDS-gels correlate with the developmental stages where growth differences are observed. It is now possible to distinguish between potential male and female embryos at a very early stage of development, preceding a final commitment to sexual differentiation.
A liver-derived glycoprotein, which is i m m u n o r e a c t i v e with anti-egg envelope glycoprotein antibody, is present only in t h e s p a w n i n g female fish, Oryzias latipes, under natural conditions. This spawning femalespecific (SF) substance is distinct from vitellogenin (precursor of egg yolk proteins) but closely resembles a major glycoprotein component, ZI-3, of the inner layer of the ovarian egg (vitelline) envelope with respect to some biochemical and im~ochemical characteristics. The ['=~I]SF substance, injected into the abdominal cavity of the spawning female fish, was rapidly transported by the blood circulation into the ovary and specifically incorporated into the inn e r l a y e r of t h e e g g e n v e l o p e of the growing oocytes. The results indicate that the liver-derived S F s u b s t a n c e is a precursor of the major component, Z I - 3 , of t h e i n n e r layer of the egg e n v e l o p e in t h e f i s h .
S153