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THE LYMPHATICS OF THE URETERS.
CYCLING AND MOTOR-CARS.-CAMBRIDGE SCIENCE SCHOOLS.
1460
board the vessels was listened to with interest. All the patients showed increased appetite, greater interest was shown in papers, magazines, and games, while more cheerfulness and mental brightness seemed to During warm and pleasant weather the flaps of the tents were rolled up so that a free circulation of air was established, and the few patients The who remained in bed were practically out-of-doors. experiment of tent life for this class of the insane was, adds Several of the patients have Dr. Wright, an entire success. b3en closely observed since the breaking up of the oamp, and it was noted that some of them tended to relapse into their former habits. It is intended, says Dr. Wright, to open another camp during the summer of 1903, for the same class of patients as well as a camp for convalescent patients.
subject has again been studied by Dr. K. Sakata, in the Anatomical Institute of Breslau, and his conclusions are that no plexus of lymphatic vessels can be demonstrated by Gerola’s method of injection in the the submucous tissue of the mucous membrane or in ureter. Such a plexus is, however, to be found in the muscular tunic and in the adventitia, where the vessels The are larger and run parallel to the blood-vessels. efferentia are most conspicuous in the middle vasa portion of the ureter and pass to the lumbar glands which lie close to the aorta and vena cava inferior and to the mesial side of the common iliac artery. The lymphatics of the lower segment of the ureter terminate either in the hypogastric glands or anastomose with the lymphatics of the bladder. The lymphatics of the upper segment only occasionally end in the glands that lie at some distance at the side of the aorta ; in other instances they join the lymphatics of the kidney. The lymphatic vessels which establish a connexion between those of the bladder and those of the kidney do not take a direct course between these organs but either form afferent vessels running to glands or join the lymphatics of the ureter. Coloured drawings illustrating the above statements accompany the text which is to be fonnd in the number of the Arakiv Ar Anatornie und Pltysiologie of Professors His and Engelmann for March, 1903.
prevail.
CYCLING ALTHOUGH
cycling is
distinct evidence,
we
AND still
MOTOR-CARS. a
popular pastime, yet there is not so universally or
think, that it is
vigorously pursued as it used to be a year or so ago. Possibly this is due to the counter attractions of golf and motor riding. We rather incline to the view that the cyclist is being gradually driven from the road by the motor-car which all must agree has not made the road a pleasanter highway. It is a common remark that cyclists take more frequently to the by-roads than formerly because the highroads have been almost monopolised by the motor-car. so
The noise and dust and pace of the motor-car have taken the poetry completely out of a ride on the high-road. The risks of cycling have been enormously increased and already a crop of accidents to eyelids has been reported having their orgin in fast-driven motor cars. The dust created is not only most unpleasant but also very unhealthy for on any favourite high-road out of London the condition created by the motor-cars is one of chronic dust like a fog. All this doubtless the cyclist can avoid by taking to the by-roads, but when on a tour these roads are often not direct, while their surfaces may not be good and there are no sign-posts or caution boards by the wayside to guide him. At night time the danger to the cyclist from motor-cars is considerably increased. Indeed, to many cyclists the motor-car is a source of terror on the road, the timid dismount as soon as they hear its rattle behind them and others, realising what awkward consequences might ensue from a false turn of the steering gear, give the motorcar the widest berth possible. Again, it is to be feared that the terror which they some few motor drivers, knowing and that are of the masters situation, are deliberthey inspire ately discourteous and allow the smallest margin possible for a cyclist to pass. Is it then a matter for wonder that the healthy and enjoyable pursuit of cycling should be somewhat on the decline ? But it is a pity that it is so and we can only hope that impending legislation with regard to the regulation of motor-cars may not ignore the claims of the cyclists to consideration. -
THE
LYMPHATICS OF THE
URETERS.
DIFFERENCES of opinion exist in regard to the distribution of the lymphatics in the walls of the ureters, Krause, for example, stating that the lymphatics form a superficial widemeshed plexus of vessels in the mucous membrane and a well-developed plexus in the submucosa. The vasa efferentia or larger abducent ducts are situated in the tunica adventitia. Sappey, on the other hand, remarks that in the horse the lymphatics of the ureters arise exclusively in the muscular tunic. If the internal or mucous surface be pricked no vessels appear, but as soon as the point of a
syringe charged with mercury penetrates the superficial layer the mercury enters a system of capillaries which forms a very distinct network extending with irregular meshes throughout the whole length of the duct. The
-
CAMBRIDGE
SCIENCE
SCHOOLS.
large lecture room of the engineering laboratories’ wing at Cambridge was the scene of an interesting ceremony on May llth when a bust of the late Dr. John Hopkinson was unveiled. What Sir George Humphry and Sir George Paget were to Cambridge in the matter of a medical school that was Dr. John Hopkinson with regard to the engineering school of the University. In other words, it hardly too much to say that he was the founder of the engineering school which is now flourishing at Cambridge. THE
new
is I
To have achieved a result such as this is, as Lord Kelvin observed in his remarks at the ceremony on May llth, to have benefited, not only Cambridge University, but the world at large. The practical benefits which are spread through scientific training at a university are well recognised by men of business and it is an appropriate evidence of such recognition that the chairman of the Linotype Company, Sir Joseph Lawrence, should have presided at the unveiling of Dr. Hopkinson’s bust, the bust itself being the gift of the company to the University of Cambridge. One thing that is often not recognised by business men is the pecuniary difficulty which the ancient universities find in providing for the necessary advances in scientific teaching. Professor Ewing told a very Ùpropos story on this point at the gathering on May llth and we hope that his words may lead to an increase in the coffers of the science schools of the University of Cambridge, where the medical faculty does such good work and is so much in need of financial help.
RICHTER’S HERNIA. °’ W oHZER’s hernia " or "partial enterocele " is the name applied to the condition when only a portion of the circumference of the bowel is included within the hernial sac. It was formerly confused with Littre’s hernia-that is, a hernia of Meckel’s diverticulum-but Sir Frederick Treves suggested the suitability of the application of the name of Richter to the partial enterocele, as it appears to have been clearly described by him in 1779. Mr. McAdam Eccles has pointed out, however, that Lavater wrote an account of this variety of enterocele in 1672, though his description was not published until 1755, and that therefore Lavater’s name might reasonably be associated with
1460
board the vessels was listened to with interest. All the patients showed increased appetite, greater interest was shown in papers, magazines, and games, while more cheerfulness and mental brightness seemed to During warm and pleasant weather the flaps of the tents were rolled up so that a free circulation of air was established, and the few patients The who remained in bed were practically out-of-doors. experiment of tent life for this class of the insane was, adds Several of the patients have Dr. Wright, an entire success. b3en closely observed since the breaking up of the oamp, and it was noted that some of them tended to relapse into their former habits. It is intended, says Dr. Wright, to open another camp during the summer of 1903, for the same class of patients as well as a camp for convalescent patients.
subject has again been studied by Dr. K. Sakata, in the Anatomical Institute of Breslau, and his conclusions are that no plexus of lymphatic vessels can be demonstrated by Gerola’s method of injection in the the submucous tissue of the mucous membrane or in ureter. Such a plexus is, however, to be found in the muscular tunic and in the adventitia, where the vessels The are larger and run parallel to the blood-vessels. efferentia are most conspicuous in the middle vasa portion of the ureter and pass to the lumbar glands which lie close to the aorta and vena cava inferior and to the mesial side of the common iliac artery. The lymphatics of the lower segment of the ureter terminate either in the hypogastric glands or anastomose with the lymphatics of the bladder. The lymphatics of the upper segment only occasionally end in the glands that lie at some distance at the side of the aorta ; in other instances they join the lymphatics of the kidney. The lymphatic vessels which establish a connexion between those of the bladder and those of the kidney do not take a direct course between these organs but either form afferent vessels running to glands or join the lymphatics of the ureter. Coloured drawings illustrating the above statements accompany the text which is to be fonnd in the number of the Arakiv Ar Anatornie und Pltysiologie of Professors His and Engelmann for March, 1903.
prevail.
CYCLING ALTHOUGH
cycling is
distinct evidence,
we
AND still
MOTOR-CARS. a
popular pastime, yet there is not so universally or
think, that it is
vigorously pursued as it used to be a year or so ago. Possibly this is due to the counter attractions of golf and motor riding. We rather incline to the view that the cyclist is being gradually driven from the road by the motor-car which all must agree has not made the road a pleasanter highway. It is a common remark that cyclists take more frequently to the by-roads than formerly because the highroads have been almost monopolised by the motor-car. so
The noise and dust and pace of the motor-car have taken the poetry completely out of a ride on the high-road. The risks of cycling have been enormously increased and already a crop of accidents to eyelids has been reported having their orgin in fast-driven motor cars. The dust created is not only most unpleasant but also very unhealthy for on any favourite high-road out of London the condition created by the motor-cars is one of chronic dust like a fog. All this doubtless the cyclist can avoid by taking to the by-roads, but when on a tour these roads are often not direct, while their surfaces may not be good and there are no sign-posts or caution boards by the wayside to guide him. At night time the danger to the cyclist from motor-cars is considerably increased. Indeed, to many cyclists the motor-car is a source of terror on the road, the timid dismount as soon as they hear its rattle behind them and others, realising what awkward consequences might ensue from a false turn of the steering gear, give the motorcar the widest berth possible. Again, it is to be feared that the terror which they some few motor drivers, knowing and that are of the masters situation, are deliberthey inspire ately discourteous and allow the smallest margin possible for a cyclist to pass. Is it then a matter for wonder that the healthy and enjoyable pursuit of cycling should be somewhat on the decline ? But it is a pity that it is so and we can only hope that impending legislation with regard to the regulation of motor-cars may not ignore the claims of the cyclists to consideration. -
THE
LYMPHATICS OF THE
URETERS.
DIFFERENCES of opinion exist in regard to the distribution of the lymphatics in the walls of the ureters, Krause, for example, stating that the lymphatics form a superficial widemeshed plexus of vessels in the mucous membrane and a well-developed plexus in the submucosa. The vasa efferentia or larger abducent ducts are situated in the tunica adventitia. Sappey, on the other hand, remarks that in the horse the lymphatics of the ureters arise exclusively in the muscular tunic. If the internal or mucous surface be pricked no vessels appear, but as soon as the point of a
syringe charged with mercury penetrates the superficial layer the mercury enters a system of capillaries which forms a very distinct network extending with irregular meshes throughout the whole length of the duct. The
-
CAMBRIDGE
SCIENCE
SCHOOLS.
large lecture room of the engineering laboratories’ wing at Cambridge was the scene of an interesting ceremony on May llth when a bust of the late Dr. John Hopkinson was unveiled. What Sir George Humphry and Sir George Paget were to Cambridge in the matter of a medical school that was Dr. John Hopkinson with regard to the engineering school of the University. In other words, it hardly too much to say that he was the founder of the engineering school which is now flourishing at Cambridge. THE
new
is I
To have achieved a result such as this is, as Lord Kelvin observed in his remarks at the ceremony on May llth, to have benefited, not only Cambridge University, but the world at large. The practical benefits which are spread through scientific training at a university are well recognised by men of business and it is an appropriate evidence of such recognition that the chairman of the Linotype Company, Sir Joseph Lawrence, should have presided at the unveiling of Dr. Hopkinson’s bust, the bust itself being the gift of the company to the University of Cambridge. One thing that is often not recognised by business men is the pecuniary difficulty which the ancient universities find in providing for the necessary advances in scientific teaching. Professor Ewing told a very Ùpropos story on this point at the gathering on May llth and we hope that his words may lead to an increase in the coffers of the science schools of the University of Cambridge, where the medical faculty does such good work and is so much in need of financial help.
RICHTER’S HERNIA. °’ W oHZER’s hernia " or "partial enterocele " is the name applied to the condition when only a portion of the circumference of the bowel is included within the hernial sac. It was formerly confused with Littre’s hernia-that is, a hernia of Meckel’s diverticulum-but Sir Frederick Treves suggested the suitability of the application of the name of Richter to the partial enterocele, as it appears to have been clearly described by him in 1779. Mr. McAdam Eccles has pointed out, however, that Lavater wrote an account of this variety of enterocele in 1672, though his description was not published until 1755, and that therefore Lavater’s name might reasonably be associated with