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The Management of Energy in an Integrated Steel Works
Cop yright © I FAC Appli ed ~ leas ure m e nt s in Min e ral a nd ~I e t a lillrg ical Process in g. Tra nsvaa l. S. Africa 198t\
THE MANAGEMENT OF ENERGY IN AN INTEGRATED STEEL WORKS De B. Cilliers [ VOI'
W ork, \ '(lII d"l'bifl/JIl rk, So ulh A/rim
Abstract. The paper indicates how an integrated .easure.ent and control syste. functions in practice. By uaing the Energy Control Centre at ISCOR's Vsnderbijlpark works aa an exa.ple, actual proble.a in achieving accurate .easure.ents are discussed. Kevwords. Control equip.ent; Co.puter control; Flow .easure.ent; Energy control.
Syste. integrity;
up a reliable energy .eaauring and syate •.
Introduction The purpose of .easure.ent is to enable proper control. If the .easure.enta are inaccurate the control beco.es difficult. In practice the road to accurate .easure.ents is full of thorns. In this paper I will indicate how an integrated .easure.ent and control ayste. functions in practice. As an exa.ple I would like to uae the Energy .easure.ent and control syste. at the Iscor Works at Vanderbijlpsrk.
acheduling
The five stages were defined as the following: - The .easuring of all energy consu.ed and produced. - The .onitoring of energy consu.ption and utilisation. - The opti.isation of energy consu.ption.
After several years of planning and construction the Energy Control Centre at the Vanderbijlpark Works, now co •• only known as the ECC, ia a reality.
-
Th~ scheduling of energy to balance de.and and availability.
- The budgeting and auditing of energy. The Centre for.s the first three stages of a five stage plan to bring the energy utilisation at this Works in line with international standarda.
2
The project for the first three stages was .otivated On an esti.ated 3~ saving in the Worka' electricity, industrial gas and oxygen accounts.
Energy Awareness Stage
The Energy Control Centre was therefore build to enable the .essuring of sll energy, to .onitor consu.ption patterna and to set up s control ayste •.
During the international energy criaes, that waa sparked off by the oil crises in the 1970's, we realised that we are in big trouble as the coat of energy doubled al.ost overnight. It waa not i.portant how we got into this trouble, it was only i.portant to find a way to get out of it. The only way to solve a proble. like that is by better .anage.ent, and we soon realised that to .anage the consu.ption of energy requires the sa.e skills as those necessary for the .anage.ent of the other resources, naaely:
3
The Energy Control Centre The Energy Control Centre consist the following:
- a proper planning syste.; - an orgsnisation to co-ordinate energy affairs; - the .otivation of consu.ers to opti.iae consu.ption; - the education and training of consu.era and apecialist personnel on energy utilisation possibilities; and - a reliable .easure.ent and control syste. to enable control at the higheat level.
broadly
of
- About 500 analog instru.enta on different plants at the works, .easuring volu.es , pressures and te.peratures of consu.ed gasses and electricity on all .ain energy producers and COnSu.ers.
the the the the
- About 1000 digital inputs used .ainly to indicate breaker positions in the high voltage subststions throughout the Works. This infor.ation is used only to .onitor the status of the breakers. No re.ote operating is done fro. the Control Centre. - All .easure.ents are trans.itted by .eans of 4 20 .A s i gnals to 39 Re.ote Units
However no proper infor.ation On consu.ption was available to base planning or control on; thus the first five stages were defined to set
139
I -HJ
De B_ Cillie rs signsl snd sending only those vslues thst differ by .ore than a set percentage fro. the previous value, through to the Front End Processor (FEP) via one of the eight highways. By doing so the nu.ber of signals that have to be processed by the FEP ia cut down tre.endously.
Works' coke oven gss production and each plant's consu.ption on bar graphs. They c .. n .. lso get detail infor.ation by calling the detailed instruaent displays. - The operators are further supported by scheduling displa:is on which the co.puter adviaea the volu.e of energy to allocate to each plant . By the .essage facility on the VDU's, the ECC operators can coa.unicate in detail with the plant operators. The scheduling of energy, however depends strongly on the availability of proper scheduled production tonnsges, which is .. proble. for the Blast Furnace .. nd Steel Plants to supply on sn hourly basis. The Bssic Oxygen Plants operste on s se.i batch process taking about 40 .inutes fro. tap to tsp. Real-ti.e balsncing .yste.. are therefore used aore and .ore to replace the scheduling syste.. A resl-ti.e syste. has the advantage of predicting the consu.ptions on a continuous basis whereas the present scheduling systea functions on an hourly bstch .ode . In s real-ti.e systea it would also be easier to allow for priorities in allocsting energy and the influence fro. large consu.ers csn be e.phssized while s.all consu.ers csn be played down.
- Eight
data highwa:is are used to trans.it the signals to the central coaputer, because the area fro. which data have to be tr .. ns.itted is so large, .. bout 25 squ .. re k i l o.eter s .
- The FEP is .. n INTEL 8088, 16 bit .icro processor, progr .... ed to receive the dsta fro. the eight highways, process it and tr .. ns.it the processed signal to the .ain Energy Centre co.putera. - The .sin coaputers are two aini coaputers. These co.puters fora the heart of the whole Energy Centre and are prograa.ed to process the data, archive the data, store it on diska and tapes, schedule the energy required by each plant, raise alar.s on a three level alar. syste., receive and tr .. ns.it aeassges and do several .ore functions. The two co.puters operate on a live standby .ode aeaning that at .. ny st .. ge both co.puters hold all the processed inforaation. Whenever the active aachine fails it is si.ply switched off and the st .. ndby ... chine t .. kes over i •• ediately without .. ny loss in dat ...
- All .essages, alsr.s, and data are logged by the co.puter and either printed on the sl .. r. logs or s .. ved on discs. - An internsl dedicsted telephone S:iste. sllows the ECC operator to contsct any of 200 places in the Works ia.ediately at the push of a button. The telephones are installed in esch electrical substation, control roo., and in offices of personnel who has a direct influence on the working of the control centre. All conversations are t .. ped to sllow for post .orte. investigations . This facility proved to be a valuable tool to deter.ine sfter a crises wh .. t steps were tsken by the operators. By discussing the actions in detail, s valuable trsining tool is used.
- Nineteen a .. jor pl .. nts equipped with terainals and video displa:i units (VDU's) .. re connected to so.e of the RU's. On this VDU ' s the plant operators can exch .. nge .essages, receive displays with scheduling inforaation fro. the ECC and transait inforaation on planned production rates, production delays and the type of aaterial procesaed to the ECC. Typical diaplays would show for exa.ple, the scheduled electricity qu .. ntity for the specific plant for the next four hours as well as the actual consu.ption aessured during the present and previous two hours . On predefined keys the plant operators can coaaunicate, a.ongst other, his planned hourly production tonnages and expected stoppage.. to the ECC. All this infor.ation is trsns.itted back and forth on the highways. - Inside the ECC, two operstors per control the two .ain control desks.
- On anyone of the eighteen recorders, any .onitored consu.ption csn be recorded. This is extreaely helpful in trouble shooting as for instance the electricity and fuel gas consu.ption of .. plant can be recorded on a single aultipen recorder.
shift
One operator controls the electricity, while the other is controlling the g .. sses like coke oven gaa, blast furnace gas, induatrial gaa, atea., oxygen and nitrogen. These operator a have to aonitor and control the respective energy distribution networks. As the gasses, when aixed with .. ir, fora explosible aixtures, extreae care .ust be taken to .sintain systea pressures within nsrrow li.its. The operators have to schedule the energy conau.ption per hour for 4 hours in advance, control the consu.ption of the co.aodities .. nd bslsnce it agsinst the production, taking into sccount plant loadings, energy avsilsbility snd production priorities. - To perfor. these functions, the operstors are supported by the ECC coaputer through the available displa:is on the VDU's on there desks. On these VDU's they csn get at a glance, .. n overview of, for exaaple, the
4
So.e specific ae .. suring probleas The overwhelaing .ajority of analog instru.ent loops is used to aessure the flow, teaper .. ture or pressure of gases. These gsses are e.g. Coke oven gas, Blast furnace gss, LP-gss, Oxygen, Nitrogen .. nd stea •. As a standard flow .easuring is done by orifice pl .. tes, British stsndsrd 1042 is used as a st .. ndard for installation and c .. lculation. The by-product g .. ses like Coke oven g .. s .. nd Blast furnace gas .. re usually not clesn. The Blast furnace gas contains about 7 .g of dust per cubic .eter of gas. As a wet scrubber process is used to clean the gas, the gas is sstursted with water. Although the iapulse connections are .. 11 taken off the top of the gas lines, it is still possible to collect condensate in the i.pulse pipes. So.eti.es even blocksges occur, caused by dust or .ud in the i.pulse lines.
The I\ \a nage me llt of Energl"
III
a ll Illtegrated Steel Wo rks
The baaia for orifice flow aeasureaent is that stable flow conditions will exist. It is often not poasible, because of physical liaitations, to find a proper aeasuring place where the flow conditions are fully developed. In one such caae at Blast furnace C, it was established by taking cross flow aeasureaents that the flow pattern was in fact still not properly developed even sfter 50 aeters of flow through the 1,5a pipe. Opersting conditions st the Blast furnsces are often changing. This results in changes in the cheaical coaposition of the gss. The gas density is in psrticulsr influenced by the hydrogen content. Density aessureaent slso proved to be probleaatic an industrial gas. As the energy consuaptions are finslly reported in teras of energy units it is very iaportent to use the correct density. One of the biggest probleas with densitoaeters is thst it is difficult to cslibrste properly. In the case of Coke oven gas the probleas sre even worse. The coke oven bstteries producing the gas, are seversl decades old. Naphtslene, ter and other iapurities are often slipped into the gas. When the gas loses teaperature to the ataosphere , these terry vapours are condensed and fora deposits inside the gss lines. Whenever there are deposits nesr the orifice plates, even if the plate itself is clean, the flow aeasureaent is unreliable . 5
Iaproved energy utilisation Since the beginning of 1985, inforsation is being archived which forss the basis of the energy data structure. This inforsation is used for sore accurate budgets and planning but elso to isaue weekly snd sonthly energy reports. With the help of top sanagesent, this sonthly energy control docusents becase the sost isportant energy control instrusent snd helped a lot to sotivate Plant Managers to isplesent energy saving projects. The first dividends of the isproved reliability of seasuresents already paid off. On several plants where the consusptions were now seasured for the first tise, leaks and faulty equipsent were detected. The nitrogen purchases for instance caae down during the first year fros about 450 ton per day to below 400 tons per day. Because of the isproved availability and distribution of blast furnace and coke ovens gas, coal tar fuel used at the boilers to supplesent the gas was reduced fros above 1500 ton per sonth to below 500 ton per sonth. By raising stess froa the waste heat of the Direct Reduction Plant, the old coal fired Boilers were shut down. This not only saved 25 000 tons of coal per year, but it alao solved a large air pollution probles. The aurplus blast furnace and coke oven gas are used on the boilers to raise steas which is used on the new Alternator to raise electricity. During the next financisl year another large blast furnace blower using about 14,6 MW will be replaced by stesa turbines . Because South Africa has no natural gas resources thia relative cheap energy source is not available. However synthetic industrial gas froa the Sasol plants is available aa a supplesentary fuel gas but at a very high cost. Becsuse of better control on the purchased
14 1
voluaes, the cheapest tariff can be used, while the total voluae uaed dropped froa 340 GJ/hour to 225 GJ/hour. The ECC contributed to this savings firstly by aaking the plant sanagers aware of the cost of the fuel gas, secondly by showing thes that alternative cheaper fuels are available and thirdly by indicating waya to iaprove utilisation of energy, for instance by iaproved heat exchanging, by better, sore efficient burners or by iaproved cosbustion air control.
6
Planning for the future During the next couple of sonths the last stages of the Energy Control Centre project will have to be defined in detail. The best aethod to aake use of the data in the ECC's archives will have to be deterained. It ia clear that the original designed energy scheduling systea is not the ideal for our situation. We found that a series of real tise energy allocating prograss are auch aore realistic in allocating the lisited resources. The three present, and to a large extent experisental, real tise prograss will therefore be isproved. New progrsss to optisise the distribution of the resaining gasses will soon be isplesented. The new sore accurate seasureaents sakes its possible to do audits on the energy consusptions, therefore audits on energy utilisation per plsnt based on the guidelines of the International Iron and Steel Institute will be done during this yesr. This is seen as one of the sost isportant elesents of isproved energy aanageaent as it creates the opportunity to criticslly snslyse the use of the different energy cossodities. As the recossendad consuaption rates of th~ International Iron and Steel Institute is used as the standards agsinst which the audit is executed, the present prsctices will be critically analysed against world best practices. Several sore energy saving projecta are inveatigated like the recovering of the BOFplant off gasses, and the replacesent of purchased energy like LP gaa, Industrial gas and electricity by internal generated energy which is sainly by-product fuel gasses. We are confidant that the Energy Control Centre will be a persanent contributor to a sore productive Steel Industry in this country .
THE MANAGEMENT OF ENERGY IN AN INTEGRATED STEEL WORKS De B. Cilliers [ VOI'
W ork, \ '(lII d"l'bifl/JIl rk, So ulh A/rim
Abstract. The paper indicates how an integrated .easure.ent and control syste. functions in practice. By uaing the Energy Control Centre at ISCOR's Vsnderbijlpark works aa an exa.ple, actual proble.a in achieving accurate .easure.ents are discussed. Kevwords. Control equip.ent; Co.puter control; Flow .easure.ent; Energy control.
Syste. integrity;
up a reliable energy .eaauring and syate •.
Introduction The purpose of .easure.ent is to enable proper control. If the .easure.enta are inaccurate the control beco.es difficult. In practice the road to accurate .easure.ents is full of thorns. In this paper I will indicate how an integrated .easure.ent and control ayste. functions in practice. As an exa.ple I would like to uae the Energy .easure.ent and control syste. at the Iscor Works at Vanderbijlpsrk.
acheduling
The five stages were defined as the following: - The .easuring of all energy consu.ed and produced. - The .onitoring of energy consu.ption and utilisation. - The opti.isation of energy consu.ption.
After several years of planning and construction the Energy Control Centre at the Vanderbijlpark Works, now co •• only known as the ECC, ia a reality.
-
Th~ scheduling of energy to balance de.and and availability.
- The budgeting and auditing of energy. The Centre for.s the first three stages of a five stage plan to bring the energy utilisation at this Works in line with international standarda.
2
The project for the first three stages was .otivated On an esti.ated 3~ saving in the Worka' electricity, industrial gas and oxygen accounts.
Energy Awareness Stage
The Energy Control Centre was therefore build to enable the .essuring of sll energy, to .onitor consu.ption patterna and to set up s control ayste •.
During the international energy criaes, that waa sparked off by the oil crises in the 1970's, we realised that we are in big trouble as the coat of energy doubled al.ost overnight. It waa not i.portant how we got into this trouble, it was only i.portant to find a way to get out of it. The only way to solve a proble. like that is by better .anage.ent, and we soon realised that to .anage the consu.ption of energy requires the sa.e skills as those necessary for the .anage.ent of the other resources, naaely:
3
The Energy Control Centre The Energy Control Centre consist the following:
- a proper planning syste.; - an orgsnisation to co-ordinate energy affairs; - the .otivation of consu.ers to opti.iae consu.ption; - the education and training of consu.era and apecialist personnel on energy utilisation possibilities; and - a reliable .easure.ent and control syste. to enable control at the higheat level.
broadly
of
- About 500 analog instru.enta on different plants at the works, .easuring volu.es , pressures and te.peratures of consu.ed gasses and electricity on all .ain energy producers and COnSu.ers.
the the the the
- About 1000 digital inputs used .ainly to indicate breaker positions in the high voltage subststions throughout the Works. This infor.ation is used only to .onitor the status of the breakers. No re.ote operating is done fro. the Control Centre. - All .easure.ents are trans.itted by .eans of 4 20 .A s i gnals to 39 Re.ote Units
However no proper infor.ation On consu.ption was available to base planning or control on; thus the first five stages were defined to set
139
I -HJ
De B_ Cillie rs signsl snd sending only those vslues thst differ by .ore than a set percentage fro. the previous value, through to the Front End Processor (FEP) via one of the eight highways. By doing so the nu.ber of signals that have to be processed by the FEP ia cut down tre.endously.
Works' coke oven gss production and each plant's consu.ption on bar graphs. They c .. n .. lso get detail infor.ation by calling the detailed instruaent displays. - The operators are further supported by scheduling displa:is on which the co.puter adviaea the volu.e of energy to allocate to each plant . By the .essage facility on the VDU's, the ECC operators can coa.unicate in detail with the plant operators. The scheduling of energy, however depends strongly on the availability of proper scheduled production tonnsges, which is .. proble. for the Blast Furnace .. nd Steel Plants to supply on sn hourly basis. The Bssic Oxygen Plants operste on s se.i batch process taking about 40 .inutes fro. tap to tsp. Real-ti.e balsncing .yste.. are therefore used aore and .ore to replace the scheduling syste.. A resl-ti.e syste. has the advantage of predicting the consu.ptions on a continuous basis whereas the present scheduling systea functions on an hourly bstch .ode . In s real-ti.e systea it would also be easier to allow for priorities in allocsting energy and the influence fro. large consu.ers csn be e.phssized while s.all consu.ers csn be played down.
- Eight
data highwa:is are used to trans.it the signals to the central coaputer, because the area fro. which data have to be tr .. ns.itted is so large, .. bout 25 squ .. re k i l o.eter s .
- The FEP is .. n INTEL 8088, 16 bit .icro processor, progr .... ed to receive the dsta fro. the eight highways, process it and tr .. ns.it the processed signal to the .ain Energy Centre co.putera. - The .sin coaputers are two aini coaputers. These co.puters fora the heart of the whole Energy Centre and are prograa.ed to process the data, archive the data, store it on diska and tapes, schedule the energy required by each plant, raise alar.s on a three level alar. syste., receive and tr .. ns.it aeassges and do several .ore functions. The two co.puters operate on a live standby .ode aeaning that at .. ny st .. ge both co.puters hold all the processed inforaation. Whenever the active aachine fails it is si.ply switched off and the st .. ndby ... chine t .. kes over i •• ediately without .. ny loss in dat ...
- All .essages, alsr.s, and data are logged by the co.puter and either printed on the sl .. r. logs or s .. ved on discs. - An internsl dedicsted telephone S:iste. sllows the ECC operator to contsct any of 200 places in the Works ia.ediately at the push of a button. The telephones are installed in esch electrical substation, control roo., and in offices of personnel who has a direct influence on the working of the control centre. All conversations are t .. ped to sllow for post .orte. investigations . This facility proved to be a valuable tool to deter.ine sfter a crises wh .. t steps were tsken by the operators. By discussing the actions in detail, s valuable trsining tool is used.
- Nineteen a .. jor pl .. nts equipped with terainals and video displa:i units (VDU's) .. re connected to so.e of the RU's. On this VDU ' s the plant operators can exch .. nge .essages, receive displays with scheduling inforaation fro. the ECC and transait inforaation on planned production rates, production delays and the type of aaterial procesaed to the ECC. Typical diaplays would show for exa.ple, the scheduled electricity qu .. ntity for the specific plant for the next four hours as well as the actual consu.ption aessured during the present and previous two hours . On predefined keys the plant operators can coaaunicate, a.ongst other, his planned hourly production tonnages and expected stoppage.. to the ECC. All this infor.ation is trsns.itted back and forth on the highways. - Inside the ECC, two operstors per control the two .ain control desks.
- On anyone of the eighteen recorders, any .onitored consu.ption csn be recorded. This is extreaely helpful in trouble shooting as for instance the electricity and fuel gas consu.ption of .. plant can be recorded on a single aultipen recorder.
shift
One operator controls the electricity, while the other is controlling the g .. sses like coke oven gaa, blast furnace gas, induatrial gaa, atea., oxygen and nitrogen. These operator a have to aonitor and control the respective energy distribution networks. As the gasses, when aixed with .. ir, fora explosible aixtures, extreae care .ust be taken to .sintain systea pressures within nsrrow li.its. The operators have to schedule the energy conau.ption per hour for 4 hours in advance, control the consu.ption of the co.aodities .. nd bslsnce it agsinst the production, taking into sccount plant loadings, energy avsilsbility snd production priorities. - To perfor. these functions, the operstors are supported by the ECC coaputer through the available displa:is on the VDU's on there desks. On these VDU's they csn get at a glance, .. n overview of, for exaaple, the
4
So.e specific ae .. suring probleas The overwhelaing .ajority of analog instru.ent loops is used to aessure the flow, teaper .. ture or pressure of gases. These gsses are e.g. Coke oven gas, Blast furnace gss, LP-gss, Oxygen, Nitrogen .. nd stea •. As a standard flow .easuring is done by orifice pl .. tes, British stsndsrd 1042 is used as a st .. ndard for installation and c .. lculation. The by-product g .. ses like Coke oven g .. s .. nd Blast furnace gas .. re usually not clesn. The Blast furnace gas contains about 7 .g of dust per cubic .eter of gas. As a wet scrubber process is used to clean the gas, the gas is sstursted with water. Although the iapulse connections are .. 11 taken off the top of the gas lines, it is still possible to collect condensate in the i.pulse pipes. So.eti.es even blocksges occur, caused by dust or .ud in the i.pulse lines.
The I\ \a nage me llt of Energl"
III
a ll Illtegrated Steel Wo rks
The baaia for orifice flow aeasureaent is that stable flow conditions will exist. It is often not poasible, because of physical liaitations, to find a proper aeasuring place where the flow conditions are fully developed. In one such caae at Blast furnace C, it was established by taking cross flow aeasureaents that the flow pattern was in fact still not properly developed even sfter 50 aeters of flow through the 1,5a pipe. Opersting conditions st the Blast furnsces are often changing. This results in changes in the cheaical coaposition of the gss. The gas density is in psrticulsr influenced by the hydrogen content. Density aessureaent slso proved to be probleaatic an industrial gas. As the energy consuaptions are finslly reported in teras of energy units it is very iaportent to use the correct density. One of the biggest probleas with densitoaeters is thst it is difficult to cslibrste properly. In the case of Coke oven gas the probleas sre even worse. The coke oven bstteries producing the gas, are seversl decades old. Naphtslene, ter and other iapurities are often slipped into the gas. When the gas loses teaperature to the ataosphere , these terry vapours are condensed and fora deposits inside the gss lines. Whenever there are deposits nesr the orifice plates, even if the plate itself is clean, the flow aeasureaent is unreliable . 5
Iaproved energy utilisation Since the beginning of 1985, inforsation is being archived which forss the basis of the energy data structure. This inforsation is used for sore accurate budgets and planning but elso to isaue weekly snd sonthly energy reports. With the help of top sanagesent, this sonthly energy control docusents becase the sost isportant energy control instrusent snd helped a lot to sotivate Plant Managers to isplesent energy saving projects. The first dividends of the isproved reliability of seasuresents already paid off. On several plants where the consusptions were now seasured for the first tise, leaks and faulty equipsent were detected. The nitrogen purchases for instance caae down during the first year fros about 450 ton per day to below 400 tons per day. Because of the isproved availability and distribution of blast furnace and coke ovens gas, coal tar fuel used at the boilers to supplesent the gas was reduced fros above 1500 ton per sonth to below 500 ton per sonth. By raising stess froa the waste heat of the Direct Reduction Plant, the old coal fired Boilers were shut down. This not only saved 25 000 tons of coal per year, but it alao solved a large air pollution probles. The aurplus blast furnace and coke oven gas are used on the boilers to raise steas which is used on the new Alternator to raise electricity. During the next financisl year another large blast furnace blower using about 14,6 MW will be replaced by stesa turbines . Because South Africa has no natural gas resources thia relative cheap energy source is not available. However synthetic industrial gas froa the Sasol plants is available aa a supplesentary fuel gas but at a very high cost. Becsuse of better control on the purchased
14 1
voluaes, the cheapest tariff can be used, while the total voluae uaed dropped froa 340 GJ/hour to 225 GJ/hour. The ECC contributed to this savings firstly by aaking the plant sanagers aware of the cost of the fuel gas, secondly by showing thes that alternative cheaper fuels are available and thirdly by indicating waya to iaprove utilisation of energy, for instance by iaproved heat exchanging, by better, sore efficient burners or by iaproved cosbustion air control.
6
Planning for the future During the next couple of sonths the last stages of the Energy Control Centre project will have to be defined in detail. The best aethod to aake use of the data in the ECC's archives will have to be deterained. It ia clear that the original designed energy scheduling systea is not the ideal for our situation. We found that a series of real tise energy allocating prograss are auch aore realistic in allocating the lisited resources. The three present, and to a large extent experisental, real tise prograss will therefore be isproved. New progrsss to optisise the distribution of the resaining gasses will soon be isplesented. The new sore accurate seasureaents sakes its possible to do audits on the energy consusptions, therefore audits on energy utilisation per plsnt based on the guidelines of the International Iron and Steel Institute will be done during this yesr. This is seen as one of the sost isportant elesents of isproved energy aanageaent as it creates the opportunity to criticslly snslyse the use of the different energy cossodities. As the recossendad consuaption rates of th~ International Iron and Steel Institute is used as the standards agsinst which the audit is executed, the present prsctices will be critically analysed against world best practices. Several sore energy saving projecta are inveatigated like the recovering of the BOFplant off gasses, and the replacesent of purchased energy like LP gaa, Industrial gas and electricity by internal generated energy which is sainly by-product fuel gasses. We are confidant that the Energy Control Centre will be a persanent contributor to a sore productive Steel Industry in this country .