- Email: [email protected]
The new generation of roto drum oil skimmer
are summarized along with technical requirements and appropriate conditions for each test type. Test methods are evaluated for their reliability, ecological relevance, exposure relevance, availability, interferences, and ability to discriminate toxicants. A companion report (Technical Resource Document) has been prepared to provide detailed technical background information on the methods. For more information contact: Karen Vaucrosson/ Alexis Steen. Mail orders: American Petroleum Institute, Order Desk, 1220 L St. NW, Washington DC 20005, U.S.A. (Fax orders: 202-962-4776; Tel. orders: 202-682-8375).
The New Generation of Roto Drum Oil Skimmer The rotating drum skimmer is a novel approach to the problem of separating heavy oil and similar materials from the surface of water. The design patent pending has been the subject of extensive testing. The results of those tests are that we now can offer a well-tried and proven system. The action of the skimmer is not a complex one. Basically, three shovel shaped blades which are located on the submerged rotating drums turns in a 'biting' action to gather the oil on a continuous basis. Three of the shovels are equipped with concave-convex veins which also act independently as additional small shovels. Each of the shovels overlap with each other to prevent oil escaping from the skimmer.
The material collected by the skimmer is squeezed into the center of the drum where it is forced into an archimedian screw. This screw with an attached pump extrudes the oil via a flexible hose to a suitable reciprocal pump for further transportation. Two of the main features of the new skimmer is that: • It accepts fairly high loads of small debris. Larger floating pieces should be removed or prevented from entering the suction area of the skimmer. • It has a double bottom which allows the skimmer due to its rotating action to create a stream of oil towards the intake/suction area. Additionally, any overflow not collected by the first rotation of the drum is recirculated and taken by the second rotation of the drum. By employing these features the skimmer can utilize the differential densities between oil and water to maximum effect. The speed of the drum rotation and the pumping rate is variable and controlled either at the power pack or through a remote control panel. Both drum and screw can be reversed in direction. Recent tests have proved that this system will recover both thin oils and oils which are highly viscous. A very small percentage of water is pumped with the rotating drum skimmer. This skimmer can also be used for permanent industrial installations such as API-channels, CPItanks, refinery slop tanks, sewage treatment plants and other settling lagoons. The skimmer unit is also highly suitable for mounting on catamaran type boats and the first unit with this system was delivered to Greece 1993.
J Fig. 1 The heart o f the unique system. Specifications: Capacity: up to 30 metric tons/8000 gal of crude oil per hour. Viscosity range: 0-106 cSt. Weight: 180 kg/397 lb with pontoons; 90 kg/198 lb without pontoons. Dimensions, L x W x H: 170 x 160 x 80 cm/5.6 x 5.5 x 2.6 ft. Motors: Hydraulic, Danfoss O M P 160. Max oil flow cont: 60 1 rain -1 (13 g.p.m.). Max oil pressure cont: 100 bar (1000 psi). This new technology can be applied to the standard WP-1-30 skimmer by simply replacing the original rotating drum.
Spill Science & Technology Bulletin 2(1)
89
API-Channel Various width: API-402 2.0 m API-408 3. I m API-409 2.4 m Selfadjusting Jib-deflectorarms for stealing the oilflow and concentrate it in front of skimmerdrum.
,5 is
j,~t' ,,/ rs
I !
i\ Air supply
Regulator for automatic start/stop
Discharge diaphragmpump airdriven Position levers
Fig. 2 API-Channel.
Rotation direction
\
Water/oil level
F \
~
Oil mixture rising \ back to surface in \ front of skimmer ~ N ~
~ N~ ~
Closed wall bolted to the pontoons
~
Od/water suction intakecreated ~, by the ~ ~ shovelblades I ~
x
~ g ~ V
Collecting chamber/plate ~ Oil mixture -Water
Overflow clean water passed underneath the double bottom chamber/plate Fig. 3 90
Spill Science & Technology Bulletin 2(1)
In summary the revolving drum skimmer is an answer to most problems associated with removal of heavy oils and similar material from the surface of water. The Roto Drum Skimmer will continue to retrieve oil long after disc, mop and most belt machines will have lost their effectiveness because of the high viscosity of the pollutant. For further information contact: Joseph B. H. Smith, 7440 West Marginal Way South, Seattle, Washington 98108-4141, U.S.A. (Tel: 206-767-0441; Fax: 206-7673460; Internet email: [email protected]).
Bibliography of Aquatic Oil Pollution Fate and Effects S. P. Hunter and J. H. Vandermeulen, under the auspices of the Environmental Studies Research Funds, have developed a bibliography on CD-ROM. This bibliography contains references retrieved from the scientific and technical literature to documented observations on the fate and effects of oil spills in marine and freshwater environments worldwide. The bibliography is based on and incorporates several earlier bibliographies, A Selected Bibliography on the Fate and Effects of Oil Pollution Relevant to the Canadian Marine Environment (1977, 2nd ed. 1980), ,4 Bibliography on the Fate and Effects of Aquatic Oil Pollution (1987), Exxon Valdez and Nestucca Oil Spill
Spill Science & Technology Bulletin 2(1)
Bibliography (1991), and is up-to-date to September 1993. This bibliography updates the existing references from 1987 to September 1993. The bibliography is international in scope. It does not include references of a technical or analytical nature describing the chemistry and chemical analysis of oils, except where these relate to the fate and effects of the spilled product. The bibliography, Bibliography of Aquatic Oil Pollution Fate and Effects ESRI Report No. 130, contains approximately 8300 references with abstracts. It is published in a CD-ROM format using CDS/ISIS software and can be used on a personal computer. CDS/ISIS (Computerized Documentation System/ Integrated Set of Information Systems, version 3) software is developed by UNESCO. It is a DOS-based, menu-driven information storage and retrieval system. CDS/ISIS provides a 'dictionary terms list' which can be used to search for authors and key terms found in the indexed fields. Information can also be retrieved by using advanced search techniques such as logical operators to combine terms. Information about the CD-ROM can be obtained from J. H. Vandermeulen, Habitat Chemistry Division, Dept. of Fisheries and Oceans, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, N.S., Canada B2Y 4A2, Tel: (902) 426-2479; Fax: (902) 426-6695, or, Brian Nesbitt, National Energy Board, Environmental Studies Research Funds, 311-6th Ave. S.W., Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2P 3H2, Tel: (403) 299-3679, Fax: (403) 292-5503.
91
The New Generation of Roto Drum Oil Skimmer The rotating drum skimmer is a novel approach to the problem of separating heavy oil and similar materials from the surface of water. The design patent pending has been the subject of extensive testing. The results of those tests are that we now can offer a well-tried and proven system. The action of the skimmer is not a complex one. Basically, three shovel shaped blades which are located on the submerged rotating drums turns in a 'biting' action to gather the oil on a continuous basis. Three of the shovels are equipped with concave-convex veins which also act independently as additional small shovels. Each of the shovels overlap with each other to prevent oil escaping from the skimmer.
The material collected by the skimmer is squeezed into the center of the drum where it is forced into an archimedian screw. This screw with an attached pump extrudes the oil via a flexible hose to a suitable reciprocal pump for further transportation. Two of the main features of the new skimmer is that: • It accepts fairly high loads of small debris. Larger floating pieces should be removed or prevented from entering the suction area of the skimmer. • It has a double bottom which allows the skimmer due to its rotating action to create a stream of oil towards the intake/suction area. Additionally, any overflow not collected by the first rotation of the drum is recirculated and taken by the second rotation of the drum. By employing these features the skimmer can utilize the differential densities between oil and water to maximum effect. The speed of the drum rotation and the pumping rate is variable and controlled either at the power pack or through a remote control panel. Both drum and screw can be reversed in direction. Recent tests have proved that this system will recover both thin oils and oils which are highly viscous. A very small percentage of water is pumped with the rotating drum skimmer. This skimmer can also be used for permanent industrial installations such as API-channels, CPItanks, refinery slop tanks, sewage treatment plants and other settling lagoons. The skimmer unit is also highly suitable for mounting on catamaran type boats and the first unit with this system was delivered to Greece 1993.
J Fig. 1 The heart o f the unique system. Specifications: Capacity: up to 30 metric tons/8000 gal of crude oil per hour. Viscosity range: 0-106 cSt. Weight: 180 kg/397 lb with pontoons; 90 kg/198 lb without pontoons. Dimensions, L x W x H: 170 x 160 x 80 cm/5.6 x 5.5 x 2.6 ft. Motors: Hydraulic, Danfoss O M P 160. Max oil flow cont: 60 1 rain -1 (13 g.p.m.). Max oil pressure cont: 100 bar (1000 psi). This new technology can be applied to the standard WP-1-30 skimmer by simply replacing the original rotating drum.
Spill Science & Technology Bulletin 2(1)
89
API-Channel Various width: API-402 2.0 m API-408 3. I m API-409 2.4 m Selfadjusting Jib-deflectorarms for stealing the oilflow and concentrate it in front of skimmerdrum.
,5 is
j,~t' ,,/ rs
I !
i\ Air supply
Regulator for automatic start/stop
Discharge diaphragmpump airdriven Position levers
Fig. 2 API-Channel.
Rotation direction
\
Water/oil level
F \
~
Oil mixture rising \ back to surface in \ front of skimmer ~ N ~
~ N~ ~
Closed wall bolted to the pontoons
~
Od/water suction intakecreated ~, by the ~ ~ shovelblades I ~
x
~ g ~ V
Collecting chamber/plate ~ Oil mixture -Water
Overflow clean water passed underneath the double bottom chamber/plate Fig. 3 90
Spill Science & Technology Bulletin 2(1)
In summary the revolving drum skimmer is an answer to most problems associated with removal of heavy oils and similar material from the surface of water. The Roto Drum Skimmer will continue to retrieve oil long after disc, mop and most belt machines will have lost their effectiveness because of the high viscosity of the pollutant. For further information contact: Joseph B. H. Smith, 7440 West Marginal Way South, Seattle, Washington 98108-4141, U.S.A. (Tel: 206-767-0441; Fax: 206-7673460; Internet email: [email protected]).
Bibliography of Aquatic Oil Pollution Fate and Effects S. P. Hunter and J. H. Vandermeulen, under the auspices of the Environmental Studies Research Funds, have developed a bibliography on CD-ROM. This bibliography contains references retrieved from the scientific and technical literature to documented observations on the fate and effects of oil spills in marine and freshwater environments worldwide. The bibliography is based on and incorporates several earlier bibliographies, A Selected Bibliography on the Fate and Effects of Oil Pollution Relevant to the Canadian Marine Environment (1977, 2nd ed. 1980), ,4 Bibliography on the Fate and Effects of Aquatic Oil Pollution (1987), Exxon Valdez and Nestucca Oil Spill
Spill Science & Technology Bulletin 2(1)
Bibliography (1991), and is up-to-date to September 1993. This bibliography updates the existing references from 1987 to September 1993. The bibliography is international in scope. It does not include references of a technical or analytical nature describing the chemistry and chemical analysis of oils, except where these relate to the fate and effects of the spilled product. The bibliography, Bibliography of Aquatic Oil Pollution Fate and Effects ESRI Report No. 130, contains approximately 8300 references with abstracts. It is published in a CD-ROM format using CDS/ISIS software and can be used on a personal computer. CDS/ISIS (Computerized Documentation System/ Integrated Set of Information Systems, version 3) software is developed by UNESCO. It is a DOS-based, menu-driven information storage and retrieval system. CDS/ISIS provides a 'dictionary terms list' which can be used to search for authors and key terms found in the indexed fields. Information can also be retrieved by using advanced search techniques such as logical operators to combine terms. Information about the CD-ROM can be obtained from J. H. Vandermeulen, Habitat Chemistry Division, Dept. of Fisheries and Oceans, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, N.S., Canada B2Y 4A2, Tel: (902) 426-2479; Fax: (902) 426-6695, or, Brian Nesbitt, National Energy Board, Environmental Studies Research Funds, 311-6th Ave. S.W., Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2P 3H2, Tel: (403) 299-3679, Fax: (403) 292-5503.
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