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The precision of amino acid geochronology and paleothermometry
OLR(1987)34 (12)
1043
87:6833 Merefield, J.R., 1987. Ten years of barium build-up in the "reign [River, Devon, U.K.]. Mar. Poilut. Bull., 18(5):220-222. Dept. of Geol., The Univ., Exeter, Devon, EX4 4QE, UK.
87:6834 Pavoni, B., A. Sfriso and A. Marcomini, 1987. Concentration and flux profiles of PCBs, DDTs and PAHs in a dated sediment core from the Lagoon of Veniee. Mar. Chem., 21(1):25-35. Dipart. di Sci. Ambientali, Facolta di Chimica Industriale, Calle Larga S. Marta 2137, 30123 Venezia, Italy. 87:6835 Siron, R., G. Giusti and F. Blanc, 1987. Hydrocarbons in the water column of the Carteau Bay (Gulf of Fos-sur-mer, Mediterranean Sea). Mar. Chem, 21(1):75-89. Centre d'Oceanol, de Marseille, Faculte des Sci. de Luminy, 70 route Leon Lachamp, 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France.
C 2 8 0 . Book,% c o l l e c t i o n s (general) 87:6836 Derde, M.P. and D.L. Massart et al., 1986. Chemometrics in analytical chemistry. Third International Conference, Lerici, Italy, May 25-30,
1986. Special issue. Anab, tica chim. Acta, 191: 516pp; 47 papers. A general theory section includes contributions on multivariate design, probabilistic classification methods, correspondence factor analysis, and partial least squares regression. Also included are two reports of petroleum geochemical applications of visualizing information in multivariate data, one of which utilizes different biomarkers to identify North Sea oils. Subsequent sections on spectrometric and chromatographic methods cover expert systems and x-ray, Fourier transform, HPLC, ion chromatography, gas-liquid chromatography, and fuzzy methods. A section on miscellaneous applications includes error analysis and optimization procedures and the final section consists of short communications on these topics. (gsb) 87:6837 Langhorst, M.L. and L.B. Coyne et al., 1987. Application reviews [in analytical chemistry]. Analvt. Chem~ 59:350pp; 18 papers.
Advances in applying analytical techniques are reviewed for environmental, industrial, and clinical applications. Some of the topics covered include analysis of water, geological and inorganic materials, fuels, pesticides, and petroleum products. (gsb)
D. SUBMARINE GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS D10. Apparatus and methods 87:6838 Brand, Uwe et al., 1987. Use of stable isotopes in solving depositional and diagenetic problems. Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Midyear Meeting, San Jose, California, 10-13 August 1984. Special session. Chem. Geol., 65(2):93-136; 3 papers.
Three selected papers provide examples of the information that can be gleaned from trace elements and stable isotopes of sedimentary and diagenetic sedimentary minerals and fossils and used to solve problems related to specific, complex geological
environments. The first evaluates the isotopic composition of zeolite cement from andesitic volcanielastic sandstones at DSDP Site 445 in the northwest Pacific; the second compares the Otso composition of formation waters and diagenetic calcite in open and closed hydrochemical systems; and the third examines the biogeochemistry of Pennsylvanian fossils from eastern Kentucky. 87:6839 Konert, M., J.J. van Rheenen and S.J.P. Bohncke, 1987. A complete concept for automation of counting and data processing in microfossil analysis. Computers, Geosciences, 13(2): 123-159.
1044
D. Submarine Geology and Geophysics
This paper presents a microprocessor-controlled counting system in combination with a software package. Together they form a powerful and timesaving tool for faultless handling of microfossil data. Inst. of Earth Sci., Free Univ., De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. 87:6840 McCoy, W.D., 1987. The precision of amino acid geochronology and paleothermometry. Quat. Sci. Revs, 6(1):43-54. It is found that aIle/Ile ratios can be used to calculate numerical ages with a precision generally no better than _+40-50%, but with a precision approaching 15% if appropriate calibration samples are available locally. The effective diagenetic temperature of a sample of known age can be calculated to within about 2C °, but local ground and air temperatures may add uncertainty when interpreting the effective temperature in terms of climate. The effective temperature for an interval of time bracketed by samples of known age can be known to within about 2-5C ° under favorable circumstances. The change in effective temperature between an interval of time bracketed by two samples of known age and the period of time following that interval can be calculated to within l-2C ° in many instances. Dept. of Geol. and Geogr., Univ. of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA. g'/:6841 Rock, N.M.S., 1987. ANGLE: a Fortran-77 package to perform one-sample uniformity tests, two- and multisample tests on two-dimensional orientation data. Computers, Geosciences, 13(2): 185-208. Dept. of Geol., Univ. of Western Australia, Nedlands, Perth 6009, Australia. 87:6842 Saha, Dilip, 1987. SPINS: a Fortran 77 program for automted rotation of poles. Computers, Geosciences, 13(3):235-254. Geolog. Studies Unit, Indian Statistical Inst., 203 Barrackpore Trunk Rd., Calcutta, 700 035, India.
1340. Area studies, surveys, bathymetry 87:6843 Baudry, N., M. Diament and Y. Albouy, 1987. Precise location of unsurveyed seamounts in the Austral Archipelago area using SEASAT data. Geophys. Jl R. astr. Soc., 89(3):869-888. The physical parameters (shape, density, crustal model, effective elastic thickness of the lithosphere and distance between the seamount and sub-satellite tracks) which affect the geoid signature of a
OLR (1987)34 (12)
seamount are inspected to analyse their influence on the precision of the location. When a seamount is detected on at least two neighbouring tracks, it is possible to locate it with good confidence and to give an estimation of its height. If the correct elastic thickness is assumed, precision is order 15 km. Ten previously unsurveyed seamounts have been located in the Austral Archipelago. They appear emplaced along two well-defined azimuths (N I I0*E and N 150°E) suggesting that two parallel distinct volcanic chains form the Austral Archipelago. Lab. de Geophys., UA du CNRS 730, Univ. Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France. 87:6844 Camerlenghi, A. and M.B. Cita, 1987. Setting and tectonic evolution of some eastern Mediterranean deep-sea basins. Mar. Geol., 75(1-4):31-55. New sample data and previous interpretations based on morphology indicate that the nine discrete basins explored geologically in the eastern Mediterranean (1978-84) have been shaped by folding and faulting of Messinian-Quaternary sediments of the Calabrian and Mediterranean ridges and the dissolution of Messinian evaporites producing collapse structures within the Plio-Quaternary cover. In addition, salt diapirism may have affected local basin formation. It is suggested that stagnation of the brines derived from the buried evaporites is most likely where rugged bottom morphology inhibits bottom current flushing action. Dept. of Earth Sci., Univ. of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 34, 20133 Milan, Italy. (hbf) 87:6845 Karner, G.D., J.K. Weissel, J.F. Dewey and T.J. Munday, 1987. Geotectonic imaging of the northwestern European continent and shelf. Mar. Petrol. Geol., 4(2):94-102. Digital images for the northwestern European continent and shelf have been produced for the first time by the gridding and merging of onshore gravity and topography information with offshore free-air gravity anomalies derived from Seasat altimeter data and bathymetry. Using image processing techniques, images have been selectively filtered to enhance Caledonian and Variscan trends. Although the derived Seasat gravity trends are essentially correct, significant error may exist in amplitude determination, especially where anomaly wavelengths are short and oceanographic components in altimeter data are significant. The potential value of 'geotectonic images' is in recognizing trends and relationships not generally apparent in more conventional representations of these data. LamontDoherty Geolog. Observ., Palisades, NY 10964, USA.
1043
87:6833 Merefield, J.R., 1987. Ten years of barium build-up in the "reign [River, Devon, U.K.]. Mar. Poilut. Bull., 18(5):220-222. Dept. of Geol., The Univ., Exeter, Devon, EX4 4QE, UK.
87:6834 Pavoni, B., A. Sfriso and A. Marcomini, 1987. Concentration and flux profiles of PCBs, DDTs and PAHs in a dated sediment core from the Lagoon of Veniee. Mar. Chem., 21(1):25-35. Dipart. di Sci. Ambientali, Facolta di Chimica Industriale, Calle Larga S. Marta 2137, 30123 Venezia, Italy. 87:6835 Siron, R., G. Giusti and F. Blanc, 1987. Hydrocarbons in the water column of the Carteau Bay (Gulf of Fos-sur-mer, Mediterranean Sea). Mar. Chem, 21(1):75-89. Centre d'Oceanol, de Marseille, Faculte des Sci. de Luminy, 70 route Leon Lachamp, 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France.
C 2 8 0 . Book,% c o l l e c t i o n s (general) 87:6836 Derde, M.P. and D.L. Massart et al., 1986. Chemometrics in analytical chemistry. Third International Conference, Lerici, Italy, May 25-30,
1986. Special issue. Anab, tica chim. Acta, 191: 516pp; 47 papers. A general theory section includes contributions on multivariate design, probabilistic classification methods, correspondence factor analysis, and partial least squares regression. Also included are two reports of petroleum geochemical applications of visualizing information in multivariate data, one of which utilizes different biomarkers to identify North Sea oils. Subsequent sections on spectrometric and chromatographic methods cover expert systems and x-ray, Fourier transform, HPLC, ion chromatography, gas-liquid chromatography, and fuzzy methods. A section on miscellaneous applications includes error analysis and optimization procedures and the final section consists of short communications on these topics. (gsb) 87:6837 Langhorst, M.L. and L.B. Coyne et al., 1987. Application reviews [in analytical chemistry]. Analvt. Chem~ 59:350pp; 18 papers.
Advances in applying analytical techniques are reviewed for environmental, industrial, and clinical applications. Some of the topics covered include analysis of water, geological and inorganic materials, fuels, pesticides, and petroleum products. (gsb)
D. SUBMARINE GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS D10. Apparatus and methods 87:6838 Brand, Uwe et al., 1987. Use of stable isotopes in solving depositional and diagenetic problems. Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Midyear Meeting, San Jose, California, 10-13 August 1984. Special session. Chem. Geol., 65(2):93-136; 3 papers.
Three selected papers provide examples of the information that can be gleaned from trace elements and stable isotopes of sedimentary and diagenetic sedimentary minerals and fossils and used to solve problems related to specific, complex geological
environments. The first evaluates the isotopic composition of zeolite cement from andesitic volcanielastic sandstones at DSDP Site 445 in the northwest Pacific; the second compares the Otso composition of formation waters and diagenetic calcite in open and closed hydrochemical systems; and the third examines the biogeochemistry of Pennsylvanian fossils from eastern Kentucky. 87:6839 Konert, M., J.J. van Rheenen and S.J.P. Bohncke, 1987. A complete concept for automation of counting and data processing in microfossil analysis. Computers, Geosciences, 13(2): 123-159.
1044
D. Submarine Geology and Geophysics
This paper presents a microprocessor-controlled counting system in combination with a software package. Together they form a powerful and timesaving tool for faultless handling of microfossil data. Inst. of Earth Sci., Free Univ., De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. 87:6840 McCoy, W.D., 1987. The precision of amino acid geochronology and paleothermometry. Quat. Sci. Revs, 6(1):43-54. It is found that aIle/Ile ratios can be used to calculate numerical ages with a precision generally no better than _+40-50%, but with a precision approaching 15% if appropriate calibration samples are available locally. The effective diagenetic temperature of a sample of known age can be calculated to within about 2C °, but local ground and air temperatures may add uncertainty when interpreting the effective temperature in terms of climate. The effective temperature for an interval of time bracketed by samples of known age can be known to within about 2-5C ° under favorable circumstances. The change in effective temperature between an interval of time bracketed by two samples of known age and the period of time following that interval can be calculated to within l-2C ° in many instances. Dept. of Geol. and Geogr., Univ. of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA. g'/:6841 Rock, N.M.S., 1987. ANGLE: a Fortran-77 package to perform one-sample uniformity tests, two- and multisample tests on two-dimensional orientation data. Computers, Geosciences, 13(2): 185-208. Dept. of Geol., Univ. of Western Australia, Nedlands, Perth 6009, Australia. 87:6842 Saha, Dilip, 1987. SPINS: a Fortran 77 program for automted rotation of poles. Computers, Geosciences, 13(3):235-254. Geolog. Studies Unit, Indian Statistical Inst., 203 Barrackpore Trunk Rd., Calcutta, 700 035, India.
1340. Area studies, surveys, bathymetry 87:6843 Baudry, N., M. Diament and Y. Albouy, 1987. Precise location of unsurveyed seamounts in the Austral Archipelago area using SEASAT data. Geophys. Jl R. astr. Soc., 89(3):869-888. The physical parameters (shape, density, crustal model, effective elastic thickness of the lithosphere and distance between the seamount and sub-satellite tracks) which affect the geoid signature of a
OLR (1987)34 (12)
seamount are inspected to analyse their influence on the precision of the location. When a seamount is detected on at least two neighbouring tracks, it is possible to locate it with good confidence and to give an estimation of its height. If the correct elastic thickness is assumed, precision is order 15 km. Ten previously unsurveyed seamounts have been located in the Austral Archipelago. They appear emplaced along two well-defined azimuths (N I I0*E and N 150°E) suggesting that two parallel distinct volcanic chains form the Austral Archipelago. Lab. de Geophys., UA du CNRS 730, Univ. Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France. 87:6844 Camerlenghi, A. and M.B. Cita, 1987. Setting and tectonic evolution of some eastern Mediterranean deep-sea basins. Mar. Geol., 75(1-4):31-55. New sample data and previous interpretations based on morphology indicate that the nine discrete basins explored geologically in the eastern Mediterranean (1978-84) have been shaped by folding and faulting of Messinian-Quaternary sediments of the Calabrian and Mediterranean ridges and the dissolution of Messinian evaporites producing collapse structures within the Plio-Quaternary cover. In addition, salt diapirism may have affected local basin formation. It is suggested that stagnation of the brines derived from the buried evaporites is most likely where rugged bottom morphology inhibits bottom current flushing action. Dept. of Earth Sci., Univ. of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 34, 20133 Milan, Italy. (hbf) 87:6845 Karner, G.D., J.K. Weissel, J.F. Dewey and T.J. Munday, 1987. Geotectonic imaging of the northwestern European continent and shelf. Mar. Petrol. Geol., 4(2):94-102. Digital images for the northwestern European continent and shelf have been produced for the first time by the gridding and merging of onshore gravity and topography information with offshore free-air gravity anomalies derived from Seasat altimeter data and bathymetry. Using image processing techniques, images have been selectively filtered to enhance Caledonian and Variscan trends. Although the derived Seasat gravity trends are essentially correct, significant error may exist in amplitude determination, especially where anomaly wavelengths are short and oceanographic components in altimeter data are significant. The potential value of 'geotectonic images' is in recognizing trends and relationships not generally apparent in more conventional representations of these data. LamontDoherty Geolog. Observ., Palisades, NY 10964, USA.