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The predictive validity of a single leg bridge test for hamstring injuries in football players
Abstracts / Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 14S (2011) e1–e119
cannot predict injury in junior elite Australian Football players, however, further research is necessary to confirm this conclusion.
e17
the likelihood of sustaining a HMSI. This research will shed light on the predictive validity of the test. doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2011.11.035
doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2011.11.034 33
34
The predictive validity of a single leg bridge test for hamstring injuries in football players
Injuries at Western Australian Football League Club in season 2010—A review of reporting system and effectiveness injury management processes
G. Freckleton 1,∗ , T. Pizzari 1 , J. Cook 2 , M. Young 3
B. Piggott 1,∗ , B. Raysmith 2
1 School
1 University
2 Monash
2 Australian
of Physiotherapy, La Trobe University, Australia University, Australia 3 North London High Performance Centre, Australia Introduction: Hamstring muscle strain injury (HMSI) is the biggest injury problem in the Australian Football League (AFL). Hamstring injuries were the most prevalent injury during the 2009 season, with 7.1 new injuries per club in the 2009 season and 17% of athletes who sustained a hamstring injury suffering a recurrent strain in the same year. A recent systematic review and meta-analysis conducted by the investigators discovered quadriceps peak torque, increasing age and previous history of HMSI to be risk factors for HMSI, while limb dominance, playing position, ethnicity, dorsiflexion range of motion (ROM) and previous knee injury had inconclusive evidence. Screening of risk for hamstring tears is limited and it has been proposed that the single leg hamstring bridge test could be a useful screening test in Australian Football. This research aims to determine if a single leg bridge test can predict the risk of HMSI in amateur and sub-elite Australian Football players. Method: The project is a prospective cross-sectional design that includes 488 football players (mean age = 20.7 years, range = 16–34). All players performed the single leg bridge test during the 2011 preseason and are currently being monitored during the playing season for the incidence of a HMSI and any recurrences. The single leg bridge test involved the player placing one leg (slightly bent) onto a 60 cm height box and performing repetitions of a bridging motion with full hip extension of the test leg until failure. Univariate analysis using odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals will be used to predict independent risk factors for HMSI. Results: Mean single leg bridge repetitions for the group were: left leg 26.1 (SD = 10.1), right leg 25.7 (SD = 9.8). Players with previous right-sided HMSI (n = 64) recorded significantly less repetitions on the right leg (p < 0.01) and those with previous left-sided HMSI (n = 60) recorded significantly fewer repetitions of the left (p < 0.01). The predictive validity of the single leg bridge test will be calculated and presented at the conference once the incidence of HMSI is known at the conclusion of the current season. Conclusion: The single leg bridge test is a screening test promoted in Australian Football as a simple method of identifying hamstring strength deficits and potentially predicting
of Notre Dame, Australia Institute of Sport, Australia
The Western Australian Football League (WAFL) is a semi-professional competition comprising of nine clubs. The competition involves twenty three rounds plus a finals series in addition to pre-season games. It is common practice for teams to commence pre-season training in early to midNovember and as a result, players complete football skills, conditioning and weight training related activities for a minimum of forty weeks of the year. In addition to the training loads, the majority of players are working, studying or engaged in a combination of both. It is a demanding schedule, and for a team to be successful it is vital to have as many players free from injury and available for selection each week. There is a large amount of published research on injury rates among elite Australian Football League (AFL) Clubs. There is, however, a dearth of literature at the sub-elite level. Purpose: The purpose of the research is: • to develop a model of reporting on the injury incidence throughout the playing season at a WAFL Club; • to investigate the effectiveness of the current training schedule and support service structure in terms of injuries incidence and management. Methods: Injury statistics were collated weekly and categorised by body area using the same method as the Australian Football League. Games missed, recurrence rates and average games missed per player were also recorded. Results: Throughout the 2010 WAFL playing season, there were 56 players on the senior list. A total of 35 new injuries were recorded and each injury resulted on average of 3.5 games being missed. The most common area of the body to sustain injury was the hip/groin/thigh area with 11 new injuries recorded including 5 hamstring strains. Conclusion: The model developed is effective for tracking injury data at a sub-elite level. Similar to the elite level of Australian Football League (AFL) the most common injuries in WAFL are to the hamstring and groin related areas. Key areas for effective management of injuries at sub-elite level are the attendance of physiotherapists, doctors and other service providers on game day and at the first training session post game. Effective and efficient communication methods
cannot predict injury in junior elite Australian Football players, however, further research is necessary to confirm this conclusion.
e17
the likelihood of sustaining a HMSI. This research will shed light on the predictive validity of the test. doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2011.11.035
doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2011.11.034 33
34
The predictive validity of a single leg bridge test for hamstring injuries in football players
Injuries at Western Australian Football League Club in season 2010—A review of reporting system and effectiveness injury management processes
G. Freckleton 1,∗ , T. Pizzari 1 , J. Cook 2 , M. Young 3
B. Piggott 1,∗ , B. Raysmith 2
1 School
1 University
2 Monash
2 Australian
of Physiotherapy, La Trobe University, Australia University, Australia 3 North London High Performance Centre, Australia Introduction: Hamstring muscle strain injury (HMSI) is the biggest injury problem in the Australian Football League (AFL). Hamstring injuries were the most prevalent injury during the 2009 season, with 7.1 new injuries per club in the 2009 season and 17% of athletes who sustained a hamstring injury suffering a recurrent strain in the same year. A recent systematic review and meta-analysis conducted by the investigators discovered quadriceps peak torque, increasing age and previous history of HMSI to be risk factors for HMSI, while limb dominance, playing position, ethnicity, dorsiflexion range of motion (ROM) and previous knee injury had inconclusive evidence. Screening of risk for hamstring tears is limited and it has been proposed that the single leg hamstring bridge test could be a useful screening test in Australian Football. This research aims to determine if a single leg bridge test can predict the risk of HMSI in amateur and sub-elite Australian Football players. Method: The project is a prospective cross-sectional design that includes 488 football players (mean age = 20.7 years, range = 16–34). All players performed the single leg bridge test during the 2011 preseason and are currently being monitored during the playing season for the incidence of a HMSI and any recurrences. The single leg bridge test involved the player placing one leg (slightly bent) onto a 60 cm height box and performing repetitions of a bridging motion with full hip extension of the test leg until failure. Univariate analysis using odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals will be used to predict independent risk factors for HMSI. Results: Mean single leg bridge repetitions for the group were: left leg 26.1 (SD = 10.1), right leg 25.7 (SD = 9.8). Players with previous right-sided HMSI (n = 64) recorded significantly less repetitions on the right leg (p < 0.01) and those with previous left-sided HMSI (n = 60) recorded significantly fewer repetitions of the left (p < 0.01). The predictive validity of the single leg bridge test will be calculated and presented at the conference once the incidence of HMSI is known at the conclusion of the current season. Conclusion: The single leg bridge test is a screening test promoted in Australian Football as a simple method of identifying hamstring strength deficits and potentially predicting
of Notre Dame, Australia Institute of Sport, Australia
The Western Australian Football League (WAFL) is a semi-professional competition comprising of nine clubs. The competition involves twenty three rounds plus a finals series in addition to pre-season games. It is common practice for teams to commence pre-season training in early to midNovember and as a result, players complete football skills, conditioning and weight training related activities for a minimum of forty weeks of the year. In addition to the training loads, the majority of players are working, studying or engaged in a combination of both. It is a demanding schedule, and for a team to be successful it is vital to have as many players free from injury and available for selection each week. There is a large amount of published research on injury rates among elite Australian Football League (AFL) Clubs. There is, however, a dearth of literature at the sub-elite level. Purpose: The purpose of the research is: • to develop a model of reporting on the injury incidence throughout the playing season at a WAFL Club; • to investigate the effectiveness of the current training schedule and support service structure in terms of injuries incidence and management. Methods: Injury statistics were collated weekly and categorised by body area using the same method as the Australian Football League. Games missed, recurrence rates and average games missed per player were also recorded. Results: Throughout the 2010 WAFL playing season, there were 56 players on the senior list. A total of 35 new injuries were recorded and each injury resulted on average of 3.5 games being missed. The most common area of the body to sustain injury was the hip/groin/thigh area with 11 new injuries recorded including 5 hamstring strains. Conclusion: The model developed is effective for tracking injury data at a sub-elite level. Similar to the elite level of Australian Football League (AFL) the most common injuries in WAFL are to the hamstring and groin related areas. Key areas for effective management of injuries at sub-elite level are the attendance of physiotherapists, doctors and other service providers on game day and at the first training session post game. Effective and efficient communication methods