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The provision of flexibility in hier-archical control systems
Conference report Euromicro "87 Conference Proceedings Microprocess. Microprog. Vol 21 No 1-5 (August 1987)
Artificial intelligence Delbar, P 'A parallel approach to rule based systems' pp 507-514
Applications BUlingsley, Dadd, T C
J, Collie,
A A and
'Cooker programmers with embedded microcomputers' pp 413-416 Describes an application of the 4-bit TMS1000, a device that has no stack, supports no interrupts, and allows only one level of subroutine to be called. Its use is necessitated by the need to keep vital system costs as low as possible for the consumer product into which the processor will be built. The lack of hardware facilities is compensated for in software. Algorithms developed to embody the necessary features in software are described in the paper.
Naghdy, F, Naghdy, G, Smith, D and Billingsley, J 'Parallel control of a waste-water treatment plant using a real-time multi-tasking operating system' pp 603-611 Discusses the automation of a singlestage waste-water process to treat sewage to a quality suitable for discharge to coastal waters. Control is handled by a 68000-based VMEbus card, the CPU2B from FRG-based company Force Computers, usingthe PDOS realtime multitasking operating system. The system has been implemented in a plant handling a capacity of 21 000 m 3 of water per day.
Reijns, G L, Kraus, U E, Jinsi, S and Hildering, W C 'Compact-disk image display and handling system' pp 405-412 A single compact disc can store 600 Mbyte. CD-ROM can exploit this potential for computing purposes. The paper describes one such application - - a 68000-based control system to handle and display colour television pictures stored on CDROM.
556
Due to the wider use of AI techniques there now exists a need for such implementations to run on conventional rather than dedicated or special-purpose machines. New system architectures, typically multiprocessor parallel systems, are being explored for such purposes. Further, as the relative cost of hardware decreases, it is more economical to design a computer based on specifications defined by the application and to take advantage of high-level software tools. As an example this paper discusses how OPS5, an AI tool for the development of rule-based systems, can be implemented on a parallel architecture.
Distributed control
transputers supports only a small finite number of links from each node. It is proposed in the paper that, for a concurrent program which operates in a number of phases, each phase with its own abstract network of communication, the abstract network reconfiguration is mapped onto a hardware configuration.
Lawrenz, W 'Controller network developmentbut how?' pp 111-117 Controller link networks (CLNs), which serve as the communication links in control applications with distributed controllers, are appearing as a new class of small area network. Whilst, at one level, microcontrollers increasingly replace standard logic in such systems, an example of which is an automotive electronics system, the complexity of CLN system controllers as a whole is presenting new problems. The paper describes a set of network development t o o l s - a simulator, emulator and analyser-to support CLNs.
Beer, M D and Martin, J D T 'The provision of flexibility in hierarchical control systems' pp 295-299 To improve the flexibility of programming methods for distributed control systems, such as those used in robotics applications, the authors have identified a layered structure suitable not just for the program, but also for the data. A program development methodology based on this layered model has been developed and, say the authors, is particularly appropriate for systems programmed in MODULA-2,ADA or OCCAM.
Fay, D Q M and Das, P K 'Hardware reconfiguration of transputer networks for distributed objectoriented programming' pp 623-628 Dynamic reconfiguration of a transputer network is not currently supported, apart from the provision of a cross-bar switch with some lowlevel software support, say the authors. Reconfiguration is needed, however, because the hardware for
Leppal~i, K 'Utilization of parallelism in transputerbased real-time control systems' pp 629-636 In realtime control the requirements for high-performance computing and fault tolerance demand a distributed multiprocessor approach, says Lepp~l~. The transputer, designed for distributed processing, is well known in computing-intensive scientific calculations or graphics applications, but it is not widely used in controlintensive applications. Using an event-driven stimulus-response model, the paper analyses the computing demands of a transputer control system, evaluating the control function execution.
Niemela, U, Karkkainen, P
Heikkila,
T
and
'Integrated sensors to an assembly robot using a distributed control network' pp 427-431
Microprocessors and Microsvstems
Artificial intelligence Delbar, P 'A parallel approach to rule based systems' pp 507-514
Applications BUlingsley, Dadd, T C
J, Collie,
A A and
'Cooker programmers with embedded microcomputers' pp 413-416 Describes an application of the 4-bit TMS1000, a device that has no stack, supports no interrupts, and allows only one level of subroutine to be called. Its use is necessitated by the need to keep vital system costs as low as possible for the consumer product into which the processor will be built. The lack of hardware facilities is compensated for in software. Algorithms developed to embody the necessary features in software are described in the paper.
Naghdy, F, Naghdy, G, Smith, D and Billingsley, J 'Parallel control of a waste-water treatment plant using a real-time multi-tasking operating system' pp 603-611 Discusses the automation of a singlestage waste-water process to treat sewage to a quality suitable for discharge to coastal waters. Control is handled by a 68000-based VMEbus card, the CPU2B from FRG-based company Force Computers, usingthe PDOS realtime multitasking operating system. The system has been implemented in a plant handling a capacity of 21 000 m 3 of water per day.
Reijns, G L, Kraus, U E, Jinsi, S and Hildering, W C 'Compact-disk image display and handling system' pp 405-412 A single compact disc can store 600 Mbyte. CD-ROM can exploit this potential for computing purposes. The paper describes one such application - - a 68000-based control system to handle and display colour television pictures stored on CDROM.
556
Due to the wider use of AI techniques there now exists a need for such implementations to run on conventional rather than dedicated or special-purpose machines. New system architectures, typically multiprocessor parallel systems, are being explored for such purposes. Further, as the relative cost of hardware decreases, it is more economical to design a computer based on specifications defined by the application and to take advantage of high-level software tools. As an example this paper discusses how OPS5, an AI tool for the development of rule-based systems, can be implemented on a parallel architecture.
Distributed control
transputers supports only a small finite number of links from each node. It is proposed in the paper that, for a concurrent program which operates in a number of phases, each phase with its own abstract network of communication, the abstract network reconfiguration is mapped onto a hardware configuration.
Lawrenz, W 'Controller network developmentbut how?' pp 111-117 Controller link networks (CLNs), which serve as the communication links in control applications with distributed controllers, are appearing as a new class of small area network. Whilst, at one level, microcontrollers increasingly replace standard logic in such systems, an example of which is an automotive electronics system, the complexity of CLN system controllers as a whole is presenting new problems. The paper describes a set of network development t o o l s - a simulator, emulator and analyser-to support CLNs.
Beer, M D and Martin, J D T 'The provision of flexibility in hierarchical control systems' pp 295-299 To improve the flexibility of programming methods for distributed control systems, such as those used in robotics applications, the authors have identified a layered structure suitable not just for the program, but also for the data. A program development methodology based on this layered model has been developed and, say the authors, is particularly appropriate for systems programmed in MODULA-2,ADA or OCCAM.
Fay, D Q M and Das, P K 'Hardware reconfiguration of transputer networks for distributed objectoriented programming' pp 623-628 Dynamic reconfiguration of a transputer network is not currently supported, apart from the provision of a cross-bar switch with some lowlevel software support, say the authors. Reconfiguration is needed, however, because the hardware for
Leppal~i, K 'Utilization of parallelism in transputerbased real-time control systems' pp 629-636 In realtime control the requirements for high-performance computing and fault tolerance demand a distributed multiprocessor approach, says Lepp~l~. The transputer, designed for distributed processing, is well known in computing-intensive scientific calculations or graphics applications, but it is not widely used in controlintensive applications. Using an event-driven stimulus-response model, the paper analyses the computing demands of a transputer control system, evaluating the control function execution.
Niemela, U, Karkkainen, P
Heikkila,
T
and
'Integrated sensors to an assembly robot using a distributed control network' pp 427-431
Microprocessors and Microsvstems