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The Relationship between Personality and Organizational Citizenship Behaviours: The Mediating Role of Equity Sensitivity
482
Abstracts
money. Money is one of the most valuable goods for human beings after one’s life as it can be exchanged for any basic needs. People who take financial risks, do they share any personality characteristics with people who take physical risks? To answer this question, we administered the Zuckerman Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire, the Sensation Seeking Scale and the Sociability Scale from the CPI to investment bankers assessing and predicting financial risks, and making financial decisions. They came from six different institutions. Participants answered the questionnaires individually and anonymously in the working place. The obtained results will be discussed in light of the risk taking research.
doi:10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.152
Studying abroad and the migrant personality M. Gomà-i-Freixanet, A. Muro, I. Mir, S. Marin Studying abroad is regarded as an academic experience for students who want to explore a new culture or learn another language and it contains a travel component that requires a preference for mobility. Previous studies suggest that people who are interested in studying abroad have a “migrant” or “mobile” personality, showing that studying abroad is positively associated to more sociable, novelty and sensation seeking behaviours (Li et al., 2013). However, this association has been studied relatively few. We administered the Zuckerman-Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire and the Sensation Seeking Scale to a sample of 61 university students studying abroad and to 111 local students. Multiple Analyses of Variance, controlling for sex, showed significant higher scores in individuals studying abroad on Sociability and on Experience Seeking and Boredom Susceptibility. No interactions were found with sex. Results are discussed in terms of psychobiological and evolutionary models of personality that might help to explain travelling behaviours and migrant personalities such as those found in individuals studying abroad.
doi:10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.153
Rash Cash: A comparison between financial and physical risk taking based on personality theory M. Gomà-i-Freixanet, S. Valero, I. Mir, A. Bastardas-Albero Investment bankers are responsible for identifying, assessing and predicting financial risks. Risky sportspeople are professionals that face life-threatening situations. This study examines the relationship between personality characteristics of people who take financial risks and of those who take physical risks. We administered the Zuckerman Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire, the Sensation Seeking Scale, and the Sociability Scale from the CPI, to 66 bank workers from six different banks. The obtained results will be compared with a sample of individuals engaged in physically risky sports. In making financial decisions, investment bankers take on high levels of responsibility. The implications for selection procedures and future research will be discussed.
doi:10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.154
What drives interindividual variation in scholastic achievement: Lessons learned from behavioral genetic studies J. Gottschling, E. Hahn, M. Spengler, F.M. Spinath There are substantial individual differences among children in how well they perform in school. Understanding the causes of this variability is vital given that being successful in school is widely considered as a prerequisite of being successful in life. In this context, quantitative behavioral genetics (i.e., twin and family studies) provide clear evidence for genetic underpinnings of interindividual differences in scholastic achievement and related predictors (e.g., intelligence, motivation), and behavioral genetic studies have already challenged environmental models of school success in the sense that presumably environmental influences (e.g., parenting style) also show substantial genetic origins. Furthermore, the genetic make-up of an individual may also be systematically associated with the exposure to environments in the sense of gene-environment interaction and/or correlation that, e.g., foster beneficial school behavior. In the present study, we will first summarize the current state of relevant behavioral genetic research and demonstrate their relevance and implications for phenotypic models of scholastic achievement. Based on data from the German twin study CoSMoS (N=408 pairs of MZ and DZ twins, Mage=9.09, SD=.81 at the first measurement occasion), we will then present univariate and multivariate analyses with a focus on the interplay between environmental and individual factors to further contribute to our understanding of how genes and environments combine to shape success and failure in school. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.155
The Relationship between Personality and Organizational Citizenship Behaviours: The Mediating Role of Equity Sensitivity A. Goupal, N.M. Lee, J.A. Bourdage, M.L. Godor, T.L. Neilson The present study examined the relationship between conscientiousness and organizational citizenship behaviours (OCBs). We proposed that Equity Sensitivity, which is an individual’s sensitivity to equitable outcomes in the workplace, could explain the relationship between conscientiousness and whether they report engaging in OCBs. The hypotheses were tested using a time-lagged research design, where both self and peer reported personality was collected. Specifically, measures of conscientiousness and Equity Sensitivity were collected approximately one week before measures of OCBs. Data were collected from a sample of employed undergraduate students from various disciplines (N = 161). The results revealed that conscientiousness did have a significant relationship with OCBs. However, bootstrapping analyses revealed the relationship between conscientiousness and OCBs was fully mediated by Equity Sensitivity after controlling for the other five HEXACO personality factors, β = .192 (CI = .101 to .307). Moreover, the same relationship emerged when using peer-reported conscientiousness, β = .114 (CI = .032 to .206). This reveals that individuals with high levels of conscientiousness were more inputoriented and less focused on self-indulgence and extrinsic rewards, in turn, making them more likely to engage in OCBs, such as helping coworkers and staying late. Although past research has demonstrated that individuals high in conscientiousness are more likely to engage in OCBs, little research to date has examined the explanatory mechanisms as to why conscientiousness relates to these outcomes. The present study is an important step towards understanding the mechanisms through which conscientiousness relates to workplace outcomes. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.156
Abstracts
money. Money is one of the most valuable goods for human beings after one’s life as it can be exchanged for any basic needs. People who take financial risks, do they share any personality characteristics with people who take physical risks? To answer this question, we administered the Zuckerman Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire, the Sensation Seeking Scale and the Sociability Scale from the CPI to investment bankers assessing and predicting financial risks, and making financial decisions. They came from six different institutions. Participants answered the questionnaires individually and anonymously in the working place. The obtained results will be discussed in light of the risk taking research.
doi:10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.152
Studying abroad and the migrant personality M. Gomà-i-Freixanet, A. Muro, I. Mir, S. Marin Studying abroad is regarded as an academic experience for students who want to explore a new culture or learn another language and it contains a travel component that requires a preference for mobility. Previous studies suggest that people who are interested in studying abroad have a “migrant” or “mobile” personality, showing that studying abroad is positively associated to more sociable, novelty and sensation seeking behaviours (Li et al., 2013). However, this association has been studied relatively few. We administered the Zuckerman-Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire and the Sensation Seeking Scale to a sample of 61 university students studying abroad and to 111 local students. Multiple Analyses of Variance, controlling for sex, showed significant higher scores in individuals studying abroad on Sociability and on Experience Seeking and Boredom Susceptibility. No interactions were found with sex. Results are discussed in terms of psychobiological and evolutionary models of personality that might help to explain travelling behaviours and migrant personalities such as those found in individuals studying abroad.
doi:10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.153
Rash Cash: A comparison between financial and physical risk taking based on personality theory M. Gomà-i-Freixanet, S. Valero, I. Mir, A. Bastardas-Albero Investment bankers are responsible for identifying, assessing and predicting financial risks. Risky sportspeople are professionals that face life-threatening situations. This study examines the relationship between personality characteristics of people who take financial risks and of those who take physical risks. We administered the Zuckerman Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire, the Sensation Seeking Scale, and the Sociability Scale from the CPI, to 66 bank workers from six different banks. The obtained results will be compared with a sample of individuals engaged in physically risky sports. In making financial decisions, investment bankers take on high levels of responsibility. The implications for selection procedures and future research will be discussed.
doi:10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.154
What drives interindividual variation in scholastic achievement: Lessons learned from behavioral genetic studies J. Gottschling, E. Hahn, M. Spengler, F.M. Spinath There are substantial individual differences among children in how well they perform in school. Understanding the causes of this variability is vital given that being successful in school is widely considered as a prerequisite of being successful in life. In this context, quantitative behavioral genetics (i.e., twin and family studies) provide clear evidence for genetic underpinnings of interindividual differences in scholastic achievement and related predictors (e.g., intelligence, motivation), and behavioral genetic studies have already challenged environmental models of school success in the sense that presumably environmental influences (e.g., parenting style) also show substantial genetic origins. Furthermore, the genetic make-up of an individual may also be systematically associated with the exposure to environments in the sense of gene-environment interaction and/or correlation that, e.g., foster beneficial school behavior. In the present study, we will first summarize the current state of relevant behavioral genetic research and demonstrate their relevance and implications for phenotypic models of scholastic achievement. Based on data from the German twin study CoSMoS (N=408 pairs of MZ and DZ twins, Mage=9.09, SD=.81 at the first measurement occasion), we will then present univariate and multivariate analyses with a focus on the interplay between environmental and individual factors to further contribute to our understanding of how genes and environments combine to shape success and failure in school. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.155
The Relationship between Personality and Organizational Citizenship Behaviours: The Mediating Role of Equity Sensitivity A. Goupal, N.M. Lee, J.A. Bourdage, M.L. Godor, T.L. Neilson The present study examined the relationship between conscientiousness and organizational citizenship behaviours (OCBs). We proposed that Equity Sensitivity, which is an individual’s sensitivity to equitable outcomes in the workplace, could explain the relationship between conscientiousness and whether they report engaging in OCBs. The hypotheses were tested using a time-lagged research design, where both self and peer reported personality was collected. Specifically, measures of conscientiousness and Equity Sensitivity were collected approximately one week before measures of OCBs. Data were collected from a sample of employed undergraduate students from various disciplines (N = 161). The results revealed that conscientiousness did have a significant relationship with OCBs. However, bootstrapping analyses revealed the relationship between conscientiousness and OCBs was fully mediated by Equity Sensitivity after controlling for the other five HEXACO personality factors, β = .192 (CI = .101 to .307). Moreover, the same relationship emerged when using peer-reported conscientiousness, β = .114 (CI = .032 to .206). This reveals that individuals with high levels of conscientiousness were more inputoriented and less focused on self-indulgence and extrinsic rewards, in turn, making them more likely to engage in OCBs, such as helping coworkers and staying late. Although past research has demonstrated that individuals high in conscientiousness are more likely to engage in OCBs, little research to date has examined the explanatory mechanisms as to why conscientiousness relates to these outcomes. The present study is an important step towards understanding the mechanisms through which conscientiousness relates to workplace outcomes. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.156