- Email: [email protected]
The respiratory and systemic immune response after the intrabronchial immunization of calves
Veterinary
Veterinary
ELSEVIER
Immunology and lmmunopathology 54(1996) 207
immunology and immunopathology
The respiratory and systemic immune response after the intrabronchial immunization of calves H. HogenEsch Depurhnenr
*,
of Vererinary
S.E. Torregrosa, D. Borie, T.L. Bowersock Pathobiology,
Purdue
University, West Lajkyette. IN 47907-1243.
USA
Local immunzation of the respiratory tract may be the best way to achieve protection against respiratory pathogens. However, studies in rodents and human beings indicate that this route of immunization may also lead to systemic unresponsiveness. We have investigated the respiratory and systemic immune response after subcutaneous and intrabronchial inoculation of calves with ovalbumin (OVA). Six 4-month-old Holstein calves (group 1) received two subcutaneous inoculations of OVA (day 0 and day 20), whereas six other calves (group 2) received two subcutaneous and three intrabronchial inoculations of OVA (days 13, 27, and 34). The presence of OVA-specific antibodies and antibody-secreting cells (ASC) in peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid was measured over time (days 0, 20, 40, and 54) using isotype-specific ELISA and ELISPOT assays. Very few ASCs were found in group 1 calves during the study. In group 2 calves, IgGl-ASCs appeared first and decreased towards the end of the study. In contrast, IgA-ASCs appeared later, continued to increase and were the predominant ASCs on days 40 and 54. Few IgG2- and IgM-ASCs were found at any time point. More IgGl was present in BAL in group 2 calves than in group 1 calves on days 20 and 40, whereas a similar amount was present on day 54, suggesting a significant contribution from serum later in the study. There was no differences between the groups with regard to OVA-specific serum IgGl, IgG2 and IgM. IgA was low in the serum of both groups. OVA-specific ASCs were not detected among freshly isolated peripheral blood cells. However, after a 7-day culture in the presence of OVA, ASCs were present, predominantly IgGl. There were significantly more IgG-ASCs in cultures from group 1 calves than from group 2 calves. In conclusion, intrabronchial immunization of calves greatly enhanced the local immune response to OVA and resulted in an early local IgGl followed by an IgA response. The lower number of IgGl-ASCs in peripheral blood cultures of group 2 calves suggest simultaneous suppression of the systemic immune response.
* Corresponding 0165-2427/%/$15.00
author.
Copyright PII SO165-2427(96)05658-9
0 1996 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Veterinary
ELSEVIER
Immunology and lmmunopathology 54(1996) 207
immunology and immunopathology
The respiratory and systemic immune response after the intrabronchial immunization of calves H. HogenEsch Depurhnenr
*,
of Vererinary
S.E. Torregrosa, D. Borie, T.L. Bowersock Pathobiology,
Purdue
University, West Lajkyette. IN 47907-1243.
USA
Local immunzation of the respiratory tract may be the best way to achieve protection against respiratory pathogens. However, studies in rodents and human beings indicate that this route of immunization may also lead to systemic unresponsiveness. We have investigated the respiratory and systemic immune response after subcutaneous and intrabronchial inoculation of calves with ovalbumin (OVA). Six 4-month-old Holstein calves (group 1) received two subcutaneous inoculations of OVA (day 0 and day 20), whereas six other calves (group 2) received two subcutaneous and three intrabronchial inoculations of OVA (days 13, 27, and 34). The presence of OVA-specific antibodies and antibody-secreting cells (ASC) in peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid was measured over time (days 0, 20, 40, and 54) using isotype-specific ELISA and ELISPOT assays. Very few ASCs were found in group 1 calves during the study. In group 2 calves, IgGl-ASCs appeared first and decreased towards the end of the study. In contrast, IgA-ASCs appeared later, continued to increase and were the predominant ASCs on days 40 and 54. Few IgG2- and IgM-ASCs were found at any time point. More IgGl was present in BAL in group 2 calves than in group 1 calves on days 20 and 40, whereas a similar amount was present on day 54, suggesting a significant contribution from serum later in the study. There was no differences between the groups with regard to OVA-specific serum IgGl, IgG2 and IgM. IgA was low in the serum of both groups. OVA-specific ASCs were not detected among freshly isolated peripheral blood cells. However, after a 7-day culture in the presence of OVA, ASCs were present, predominantly IgGl. There were significantly more IgG-ASCs in cultures from group 1 calves than from group 2 calves. In conclusion, intrabronchial immunization of calves greatly enhanced the local immune response to OVA and resulted in an early local IgGl followed by an IgA response. The lower number of IgGl-ASCs in peripheral blood cultures of group 2 calves suggest simultaneous suppression of the systemic immune response.
* Corresponding 0165-2427/%/$15.00
author.
Copyright PII SO165-2427(96)05658-9
0 1996 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.