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The role of magnetic resonance imaging in the investigation of undescended testes
INTERNATIONAL
1205
ABSTRACTS
truly diligent search has been made for alternative causes, gallstones will nearly always be found.” Extremely small stones are difficult to diagnose.-Sigmund H. Ein
Successful Hepatic cipiant Portal Vain.
Transplantation
in Congenital
Absence
E.S. Woodle, J.R. Thistlethwaite, 107:475-479, (April), 1990.
et al. Surgery
of Ra-
J.C. Emond,
After
Length
and
the
Dose
of
Cyclosporine
P.F. Whitington, et al. N Engl J Med 322:733-738,
Liver
Whitington,
Basis
sional
of Vascular
Children require large oral doses of cyclosporine to achieve immunosuppression after liver transplantation. The authors examined the relation of height, weight, residual small bowel length, and the terminal plasma clearance of cyclosporine to the dose of cyclosporine required to achieve blood levels of 200 ng/mL. Multiple regression analysis showed that only small bowel length and the rate of clearance from plasma were independently related to the required oral dose of cyclosporine. It appears that the length of the small bowel is the chief determinant of the required dose of oral administered cyclosporine in children after liver transplantation. Thus, pediatric patients require large oral doses of cyclosporine because of the limited absorptive surface of their intestines.-N. Scott Adzick Jaundice
Chiesura-Corona. ary), 1990.
in Kawasaki’s
L. Zancan,
Disease.
et al. Z Kinderchir
C. Luzzatto, M. 45:50-S I, (Febru-
A case of Kawasaki’s disease in a IO-year-old child is described. The patient had obstructive jaundice, intrahepatic biliary duct dilatation, and gallbladder hydrops. Diagnosis was made by sonography, computed tomography, and cholangiography. Immediate relief of symptoms and resolution of jaundice was achieved by percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage, thus avoiding laparotomy. This is the first case of serious obstructive jaundice in Kawasaki’s disease, the origin of which is unknown.-Thomas A. Angerpointner GENITOURINARY Ruptured
Bladder
L.D. Jee and 1990.
Following
A.J.W.
TRACT
Circumcision
Millar.
Br J Urol
Using
Plastibell
65:216-217,
Role
of Magnetic
Undascandad
al. Clin Radio1 The (MRI)
Resonance
Imaging
in the
A.H. Troughton. J. Waring, 41:178-181, (March), 1990.
Tastes.
Testicular
Autotransplant:
Anatomy
of the
Ital
Rat’s
Chir
Thraa-DimanC. Gentile, 31:247-25 I,
Testis.
Pediatr
(March),
for Conservative
K.J. Hastie 1990.
Management
and C.A.C.
of Acute
Charlron.
Scrotal
Br J Surg
Pain in
77:309-31
I,
The authors present a study of 43 boys under the age of I5 years who presented with scrotal pain. Torsion of the testicular appendages presented later than torsion of the testicle. The testis proved viable in all cases of testicular torsion explored within 12 hours of the onset of the pain, but orchidectomy was performed in four patients who presented later. Patients with an obvious torsion of the testicular appendage could be treated conservatively, but those in whom the diagnosis was in doubt merited exploration. It is suggested that careful clinical assessment will indicate which patients can be managed nonoperatively without fear of losing a salvagable testis-John D. Orr Problems
and
Risks
Z Kinderchir
in the
45:40-42,
Resection
of Urethral
(February),
Valves.
O.H.
1990.
Complications are frequently observed in patients with urethral valves, particularly in the very young age group. Some of the complications are due to valve obstruction, others to primary therapy. Valve resection can be transvesical, with or without symphysic incision, via perineostomy, or transurethral. These different approaches represent a historical development. The mandatory prerequisite is the availability of modern cystoscopic equipment for babies and infants. The main problems involved in open surgery concern incontinence. Transurethral approach can result in strictures. Sphincter lesions may effect incontinence. Currently, antegrade resection is performed via percutaneous transvesical approach. It is hoped that this will reduce the complication rate, but there is still insufficient experience to permit final assessment.-Thomas A. Angerpointner
Device.
(February),
Thirty Years of Experience in the Treatment Sweden. J. Gierup. Z Kinderchir 45:38-39,
A S-year-old boy developed intraperitoneal bladder rupture after circumcision using Plastibell device. A small tear in the dome of the bladder was sutured. There was no evidence of bladder pathology.Amir Azmy The
for
The authors showed that damage to the rat testis began IO minutes after clamping its blood supply. Where the spermatic artery was divided the damage occurred in the central part of the gonad and not in its periphery. Using an operating microscope (Zeiss Opmi I) they made a series of vascular casts using a new acrylic resin (Mercox). The corrosion casts showed the microvascular architecture of the testis in a three-dimensional way, allowing for better understanding of the dynamics of testicular vascular damage during autotransplant of the testis.-Giampiero Perrino
Nielsen. Obstructive
Study
Indications Children.
in Children
J.C. Emond, S.H. (January), 1990.
Transplantation.
Theoretical
M. Lima, C. Romeo, et al. Rass (October-December), 1989.
This is a case report of successful hepatic liver transplantation in a IO-year-old girl with biliary atresia and congenital absence of the portal vein (CAPV). This congenital abnormality has been described previously in only six patients. The technique of transplantation was unchanged except for direct anastomosis of the recipient superior mesenteric vein to the donor portal vein. Postoperative recovery was uneventful. This report highlights the important associated congenital liver, cardiac, splenic, and caval anomalies that occur in children with CAPV. However, this is the first reported case of this condition associated with biliary atresia.-Thomas Tracy, Jr Small-Bowel
detect the position of six of the eight testes and recommend the use of MRI for the investigation of undescended testis.-Amir Amzy
Investigation
of
A. LongstaJ
et
authors describe the use of magnetic resonance imaging in six adults with eight undescended testes. They were able to
of Urethral
(February),
Valves
in
1990.
The author reports on the treatment of urethral valves in Sweden, To achieve the best possible results in valve treatment, he recommends the following procedure: (I) Immediate transfer to a specialized hospital. (2) Acute diagnosis with correction of water and electrolyte balance. (3) Suprapubic procedure is preferable to the transurethral approach if the catheter is expected to remain indwelling for a longer time. (4) The obstructing urethral valve is the primary object. (5) Valve resection is done only in I2 o’clock position in the dorsosacral (lithotomy) position. (6) In rare cases with severely constricted bladder neck, resection according to TurnerWarwick may become necessary. (7) Upper urinary tract surgical
1205
ABSTRACTS
truly diligent search has been made for alternative causes, gallstones will nearly always be found.” Extremely small stones are difficult to diagnose.-Sigmund H. Ein
Successful Hepatic cipiant Portal Vain.
Transplantation
in Congenital
Absence
E.S. Woodle, J.R. Thistlethwaite, 107:475-479, (April), 1990.
et al. Surgery
of Ra-
J.C. Emond,
After
Length
and
the
Dose
of
Cyclosporine
P.F. Whitington, et al. N Engl J Med 322:733-738,
Liver
Whitington,
Basis
sional
of Vascular
Children require large oral doses of cyclosporine to achieve immunosuppression after liver transplantation. The authors examined the relation of height, weight, residual small bowel length, and the terminal plasma clearance of cyclosporine to the dose of cyclosporine required to achieve blood levels of 200 ng/mL. Multiple regression analysis showed that only small bowel length and the rate of clearance from plasma were independently related to the required oral dose of cyclosporine. It appears that the length of the small bowel is the chief determinant of the required dose of oral administered cyclosporine in children after liver transplantation. Thus, pediatric patients require large oral doses of cyclosporine because of the limited absorptive surface of their intestines.-N. Scott Adzick Jaundice
Chiesura-Corona. ary), 1990.
in Kawasaki’s
L. Zancan,
Disease.
et al. Z Kinderchir
C. Luzzatto, M. 45:50-S I, (Febru-
A case of Kawasaki’s disease in a IO-year-old child is described. The patient had obstructive jaundice, intrahepatic biliary duct dilatation, and gallbladder hydrops. Diagnosis was made by sonography, computed tomography, and cholangiography. Immediate relief of symptoms and resolution of jaundice was achieved by percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage, thus avoiding laparotomy. This is the first case of serious obstructive jaundice in Kawasaki’s disease, the origin of which is unknown.-Thomas A. Angerpointner GENITOURINARY Ruptured
Bladder
L.D. Jee and 1990.
Following
A.J.W.
TRACT
Circumcision
Millar.
Br J Urol
Using
Plastibell
65:216-217,
Role
of Magnetic
Undascandad
al. Clin Radio1 The (MRI)
Resonance
Imaging
in the
A.H. Troughton. J. Waring, 41:178-181, (March), 1990.
Tastes.
Testicular
Autotransplant:
Anatomy
of the
Ital
Rat’s
Chir
Thraa-DimanC. Gentile, 31:247-25 I,
Testis.
Pediatr
(March),
for Conservative
K.J. Hastie 1990.
Management
and C.A.C.
of Acute
Charlron.
Scrotal
Br J Surg
Pain in
77:309-31
I,
The authors present a study of 43 boys under the age of I5 years who presented with scrotal pain. Torsion of the testicular appendages presented later than torsion of the testicle. The testis proved viable in all cases of testicular torsion explored within 12 hours of the onset of the pain, but orchidectomy was performed in four patients who presented later. Patients with an obvious torsion of the testicular appendage could be treated conservatively, but those in whom the diagnosis was in doubt merited exploration. It is suggested that careful clinical assessment will indicate which patients can be managed nonoperatively without fear of losing a salvagable testis-John D. Orr Problems
and
Risks
Z Kinderchir
in the
45:40-42,
Resection
of Urethral
(February),
Valves.
O.H.
1990.
Complications are frequently observed in patients with urethral valves, particularly in the very young age group. Some of the complications are due to valve obstruction, others to primary therapy. Valve resection can be transvesical, with or without symphysic incision, via perineostomy, or transurethral. These different approaches represent a historical development. The mandatory prerequisite is the availability of modern cystoscopic equipment for babies and infants. The main problems involved in open surgery concern incontinence. Transurethral approach can result in strictures. Sphincter lesions may effect incontinence. Currently, antegrade resection is performed via percutaneous transvesical approach. It is hoped that this will reduce the complication rate, but there is still insufficient experience to permit final assessment.-Thomas A. Angerpointner
Device.
(February),
Thirty Years of Experience in the Treatment Sweden. J. Gierup. Z Kinderchir 45:38-39,
A S-year-old boy developed intraperitoneal bladder rupture after circumcision using Plastibell device. A small tear in the dome of the bladder was sutured. There was no evidence of bladder pathology.Amir Azmy The
for
The authors showed that damage to the rat testis began IO minutes after clamping its blood supply. Where the spermatic artery was divided the damage occurred in the central part of the gonad and not in its periphery. Using an operating microscope (Zeiss Opmi I) they made a series of vascular casts using a new acrylic resin (Mercox). The corrosion casts showed the microvascular architecture of the testis in a three-dimensional way, allowing for better understanding of the dynamics of testicular vascular damage during autotransplant of the testis.-Giampiero Perrino
Nielsen. Obstructive
Study
Indications Children.
in Children
J.C. Emond, S.H. (January), 1990.
Transplantation.
Theoretical
M. Lima, C. Romeo, et al. Rass (October-December), 1989.
This is a case report of successful hepatic liver transplantation in a IO-year-old girl with biliary atresia and congenital absence of the portal vein (CAPV). This congenital abnormality has been described previously in only six patients. The technique of transplantation was unchanged except for direct anastomosis of the recipient superior mesenteric vein to the donor portal vein. Postoperative recovery was uneventful. This report highlights the important associated congenital liver, cardiac, splenic, and caval anomalies that occur in children with CAPV. However, this is the first reported case of this condition associated with biliary atresia.-Thomas Tracy, Jr Small-Bowel
detect the position of six of the eight testes and recommend the use of MRI for the investigation of undescended testis.-Amir Amzy
Investigation
of
A. LongstaJ
et
authors describe the use of magnetic resonance imaging in six adults with eight undescended testes. They were able to
of Urethral
(February),
Valves
in
1990.
The author reports on the treatment of urethral valves in Sweden, To achieve the best possible results in valve treatment, he recommends the following procedure: (I) Immediate transfer to a specialized hospital. (2) Acute diagnosis with correction of water and electrolyte balance. (3) Suprapubic procedure is preferable to the transurethral approach if the catheter is expected to remain indwelling for a longer time. (4) The obstructing urethral valve is the primary object. (5) Valve resection is done only in I2 o’clock position in the dorsosacral (lithotomy) position. (6) In rare cases with severely constricted bladder neck, resection according to TurnerWarwick may become necessary. (7) Upper urinary tract surgical