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The shift and shape of spectral lines
350
BOOK REVIEWS
Technology Division of the Atomic Weapons Research E s t a b l i s h m e n t at Aldermaston, England; t h u s special emphasis has been p u t on the nuclear aspect of the subject. The problems dealt with are nevertheless of a general n a t u r e and are those which come up during planning and construction of facilities for work in protective atmospheres. The book describes the principles of physical and chemical purification processes, the design a n d a r r a n g e m e n t of puri{ication e q u i p m e n t and the i n s t r u m e n t s for controlling impurities in gases. The s u p p l y of purified atmospheres to the work spaces is also dealt with, and finally the operational and economic aspects of purification p l a n t s are considered. The book is well-planned and contains m a n y illustrations and tables, t h u s being very useful as a t e x t b o o k a n d ~s a reference piece. I t can be r e c o m m e n d e d to those working with protective atmospheres, b o t h the engineers who are to c o n s t r u c t t h e facilities, and the research workers who m i g h t require general information in this field. Niels H a n s e n
R. G. ]3REENE, JR., The shift and shape o[ spectral lines (Pergamon Press, London, 1961. x + 323 p. ~5 5s.)
As stated b y the a u t h o r the t e m p e r a t u r e s encountered in gases s u r r o u n d i n g vehicles leaving or re-entering t h e a t m o s p h e r e of planets require s o m e t h i n g new in the w a y of probes for the det e r m i n a t i o n of pressure and temperature. Here, breadths, shapes, and positions of spectral lines are of i m m e d i a t e practical importance. ]3esides "classical" spectroscopists, such as atomic physicists a n d astronomers, this book will interest the steadily increasing n u m b e r of spectroscopically trained chemists working with i n s t r u m e n t s of extraordinary high resolving power (grating spectrographs, microwave equipment). For this last group the m a t h e m a t i c a l language of the book will, however, be a serious hindrance to its rapid assimilation. The a u t h o r m a y have had a slight feeling of this, since his book is r a t h e r colloquial here and there, b u t this tendency, if correctly interpreted, is far from sufficient in the reviewer's opinion B. Bak
A. K. KRASIN and ]3. A. SEMENOV, Operating experience with nuclear power stations (IAEA, Vienna 1961. 73 p. Sch. 21). In Russian, with English translation and a b s t r a c t s in English, French, Russian, and Spanish. This s u r v e y is published as No. 16 in the Review Series issued b y the I n t e r n a t i o n a l Atomic E n e r g y Agency. Several experimental and industrial atomic power plants of considerable operational interest, are described, and the experience gained in operating these plants is discussed The following types of reactors are examined: a graphite-moderated, water-cooled reactor; a graphite-moderated, gas-cooled reactor; a boiling-water reactor; a graphite-moderated, sodiumcooled reactor; a pressurized water reactor; a reactor with superheated steam; and a fast, sodiumcooled reactor. Some general conclusions about aspects of special importance are stated. Finally, the outlook for nuclear power is discussed. The book deals m a i n l y with plants which have already proved to be sufficiently reliable and simple in operation. The p r i m a r y d e m a n d on a power reactor is reliability and safety. The a u t h o r s stress t h a t this requirement is fulfilled at present by a n u m b e r of types of reactors. The secondary requirement, which concerns the cost per kilowatt, is the m a i n problem a t the m o m e n t . A forecast of cost per kilowatt of nuclear power for various types of nuclear power stations is given. However, these d a t a (from 1959) do probably not correspond to the general opinion of today. Owing to the fast t h a t the construction of large and more advanced nuclear power stations is under w a y in m a n y countries, the reader will n o t find details a b o u t the reactors which are supposed to fulfil the above-mentioned secondary requirement. Nevertheless, these 70 pages are of interest to non-specialists who require information about some reactors which provided a basis for s u b s e q u e n t nuclear power plant design. Per Frederiksen
BOOK REVIEWS
Technology Division of the Atomic Weapons Research E s t a b l i s h m e n t at Aldermaston, England; t h u s special emphasis has been p u t on the nuclear aspect of the subject. The problems dealt with are nevertheless of a general n a t u r e and are those which come up during planning and construction of facilities for work in protective atmospheres. The book describes the principles of physical and chemical purification processes, the design a n d a r r a n g e m e n t of puri{ication e q u i p m e n t and the i n s t r u m e n t s for controlling impurities in gases. The s u p p l y of purified atmospheres to the work spaces is also dealt with, and finally the operational and economic aspects of purification p l a n t s are considered. The book is well-planned and contains m a n y illustrations and tables, t h u s being very useful as a t e x t b o o k a n d ~s a reference piece. I t can be r e c o m m e n d e d to those working with protective atmospheres, b o t h the engineers who are to c o n s t r u c t t h e facilities, and the research workers who m i g h t require general information in this field. Niels H a n s e n
R. G. ]3REENE, JR., The shift and shape o[ spectral lines (Pergamon Press, London, 1961. x + 323 p. ~5 5s.)
As stated b y the a u t h o r the t e m p e r a t u r e s encountered in gases s u r r o u n d i n g vehicles leaving or re-entering t h e a t m o s p h e r e of planets require s o m e t h i n g new in the w a y of probes for the det e r m i n a t i o n of pressure and temperature. Here, breadths, shapes, and positions of spectral lines are of i m m e d i a t e practical importance. ]3esides "classical" spectroscopists, such as atomic physicists a n d astronomers, this book will interest the steadily increasing n u m b e r of spectroscopically trained chemists working with i n s t r u m e n t s of extraordinary high resolving power (grating spectrographs, microwave equipment). For this last group the m a t h e m a t i c a l language of the book will, however, be a serious hindrance to its rapid assimilation. The a u t h o r m a y have had a slight feeling of this, since his book is r a t h e r colloquial here and there, b u t this tendency, if correctly interpreted, is far from sufficient in the reviewer's opinion B. Bak
A. K. KRASIN and ]3. A. SEMENOV, Operating experience with nuclear power stations (IAEA, Vienna 1961. 73 p. Sch. 21). In Russian, with English translation and a b s t r a c t s in English, French, Russian, and Spanish. This s u r v e y is published as No. 16 in the Review Series issued b y the I n t e r n a t i o n a l Atomic E n e r g y Agency. Several experimental and industrial atomic power plants of considerable operational interest, are described, and the experience gained in operating these plants is discussed The following types of reactors are examined: a graphite-moderated, water-cooled reactor; a graphite-moderated, gas-cooled reactor; a boiling-water reactor; a graphite-moderated, sodiumcooled reactor; a pressurized water reactor; a reactor with superheated steam; and a fast, sodiumcooled reactor. Some general conclusions about aspects of special importance are stated. Finally, the outlook for nuclear power is discussed. The book deals m a i n l y with plants which have already proved to be sufficiently reliable and simple in operation. The p r i m a r y d e m a n d on a power reactor is reliability and safety. The a u t h o r s stress t h a t this requirement is fulfilled at present by a n u m b e r of types of reactors. The secondary requirement, which concerns the cost per kilowatt, is the m a i n problem a t the m o m e n t . A forecast of cost per kilowatt of nuclear power for various types of nuclear power stations is given. However, these d a t a (from 1959) do probably not correspond to the general opinion of today. Owing to the fast t h a t the construction of large and more advanced nuclear power stations is under w a y in m a n y countries, the reader will n o t find details a b o u t the reactors which are supposed to fulfil the above-mentioned secondary requirement. Nevertheless, these 70 pages are of interest to non-specialists who require information about some reactors which provided a basis for s u b s e q u e n t nuclear power plant design. Per Frederiksen