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The tides of the Tyrrhenian Sea
996
A. Physical Oceanography
A90. Currents 85:6926 Godfrey, J.S. and K.R. Ridgway, 1985. The largescale environment of the poleward-flowing Leeuwin Current, Western Australia: longshore steric height gradients, wind stresses and geostrophic flow. J. phys. Oceanogr., 15(5):481-495.
Seasonal mean maps of sea level are obtained from steric sea level and coastal tide gauges, and data on subsurface steric heights, wind stress vectors, wind stress curl and the longshore component of wind stress are presented and examined to shed light on the unique character of western Australian coastal flow. Circulation here is anomalous for its lack of significant upwelling and the unusual strength and persistence of the poleward flowing Leeuwin Current. Results support Thompson's (1984) contention that the current is primarily a convection current, driven by longshore steric height gradients at the shelf edge which may be created by deep channel flow through Indonesia from the Pacific. CSIRO Div. of Oceanogr., Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia. (fcs)
85:6927 Imawaki, Shiro, 1985. Features of mesoseale eddies in the deep mid-ocean of the western North Pacific. Deep-Sea Res., 32(5A):599-611.
At abyssal depths (4000 and 5000 m) the daily mean velocity field is almost uniform vertically. A clear tendency to westward phase velocity propagation with a speed of several cm/s is seen. Fitted waves have velocity amplitudes of 2 to 3 cm/s, periods of 40 to 150 days, wavelengths of 200 to 500 km, with a westward phase propagation; these properties are in the range of typical mesoscales observed at abyssal depths. A considerable fraction of the observed mesoscale eddies is accounted for by a few temporary, linear barotropic Rossby waves. Geophys. Inst., Kyoto Univ., Kyoto 606, Japan.
85:6928 Lu, Jiping and Yuechen Zhao, 1985. Non-steady wind--driven sea current on linear sloping contineatal shelf. Oceanologia Limnol. sin., 16( 1): 1017. (In Chinese, English abstract.)
If certain boundary conditions of the steady current are solved, the non-steady one can also be solved with Laplace transform. Solutions here include velocity and sea surface coordinates; some interesting properties of the flow field are revealed. Shandong Coll. of Oceanol., Qingdao, People's Republic of China.
OLR {1985) 32 (12)
85:6929 Miao, Jingbang, 1984. A simple model for the thermal structure of Kuroshio east of Taiwan. Oceanologia Limnol. sin., 15(6):558-566 (In Chinese, English abstract.)
A model of thermal structure is developed based on equilibrium between vertical thermal convection and turbulent thermal diffusion when surface temperature distribution is given. Main characteristics of the model are described, and show themselves to be fairly consistent with observations. Inst. of Oceanol.. Acad. Sin., Qingdao, People's Republic of China.
(fcs) 85:6930 Mo, Qinsheng and Zhenglang Xu, 1984. A preliminary study on the Kuroshio in the East China Sea
using satellite Ia images. Oceanologia Limnol. sin., 15(6):540-549. (In Chinese, English abstract.) Remotely-sensed SST and thermal front data (winter and spring, 1976-1981) show that the Kuroshio warm water decreases in width and its axis is deflected as the current passes over the ridge NE of Taiwan. IR images also displayed marginal eddies, a convex eddy, and the warm water core. Inst. of Fish. Much. and lnstrum, of Chinese Acad. of Fish. Sci.. Shanghai, People's Republic of China. (msg)
A150. Tides and sea level 85:6931 Bratkovich, A., 1985. Aspects of the tidal variability observed on the southern California continental shelf. J. phys. Oceanogr., 15(3):225-239.
Two years of current and temperature observations taken across the southern California shelf are analyzed statistically in the near tidal frequency band (0.6--6 cycle/day). Large seasonal changes in both temperature and cross-shelf current variances are seen; empirical orthogonal function analyses show large variations in amplitude and phase both across the shelf and vertically. Cross-shelf mass transports are three times the vertically averaged mass flux. Center for Earth Sci., Univ. of Southern Calif., Los Angeles, CA 90089-0741, USA. (wbo) 85:6932 Mosetti, Ferruccio and Nicolo Purga, 1985. The tides of the Tyrrheaian Sea. Boll. Oceanol. teor. app[., 3(2):83-102. (In Italian, English abstract.)
The diurnal and semidiurnal tides appear with very close amplitudes and phases over the whole basin. A
OLR (1985)32 (12)
A. PhysicalOceanography
mathematical model gives results in agreement with the observations. Using the model the ter- and quartodiurnal tides have been tested; observations concerning these constituents are uncertain, due to the small amplitude. Results show a behaviour which agrees with the larger tides, but is more dependent on basin geometry. Cattedra di Misure Oceanograf., Univ. di Trieste, Italy. 85:6933 Seung, Y.-H. and S.-R. Lee, 1984. A numerical experiment of tides in Chinhae Bay [Korea] by the finite element method. Bull. Korea Ocean Res. Dev. Inst., 6(1-2):31-36. (In Korean, English abstract.) Ocean Engrg. Lab., KORDI, Seoul, Korea.
A160. Waves, oscillations 85:6934 Aida, Isamu, 1984. An estimate of tsunamis generated by volcanic eruptions: the 1741 eruption of Oshima-Ohshima, Hokkaido [Japan]. Earthquake Res. Inst., Univ. of Tokyo, Japan. Bull. Earthq. Res. Inst., Univ. Tokyo, 59(4):519-531. (In Japanese, English abstract.) 85:6935 Baba, M. and C.M. Harish, 1985. Wave height and period distribution off the southwest coast of India. Indian J. mar. Sci., 14(1):1-8. Centre for Earth Sci. Studies, Regional Centre, Cochin 682 018, India. 85:6936 Cicconi, Giuseppe, Ignazio Dagnino and Alberto Albert, 1985. Mean length of runs of sea waves recorded in the Gulf of Genoa. Boll. Oceanol. teor. appl., 3(2): 103-112. Investigations in the Gulf of Genoa on sequences of waves exceeding some particular height and the mean length of such runs closely match results obtained by Goda (1976) on the Japanese coast, and Rye (1974) off Norway. Ist. Geofis. e Geodet., Univ. di Genoa, Italy. (fcs) 85:6937 Hatori, Tokutaro, 1984. Behavior of the Tokai tsunamis of 1707 and 1854 in the Kanto and East Izu districts [Japan]. Bull. Earthq. Res. lnsl., Univ. Tokyo, 59(4):501-518. (In Japanese, English abstract.)
997
85:6938 Holyer, J.Y. and L.A. Mysak, 1985. Trench wave generation by incident baroclinic Rnssby waves. J. phys. Oceanogr, 15(5):593-603. We consider the response of a two-layer fluid in a coastal trench to the incidence of low-frequency Rossby waves from the open ocean. In both the lzu and Peru trenches, deep longshore currents are generated by annual-period Rossby waves whose interracial amplitude is 5 m. The longshore current speed is particularly large when the longshore wavenumber and frequency of the incident wave are close to the complex roots of the free trench-wave dispersion relation for a fi-plane. It is conjectured that forced trench waves of the type described here may be detected in the Izu Trench from measurements of subthermocline currents. Sch. of Math., Univ. of Bristol, BS8 1TP, UK. 85:6939 Hsieh, W.W. and V.T. Buchwald, 1985. The scattering of a continental shelf wave by a long thin barrier lying parallel to the coast. J. phys. Oceanogr., 15(5):524-532. In the channel between the barrier and the coast, much of the incident shelf wave energy is transferred to the zero (or Kelvin) mode. Seaward of the barrier. substantial energy transfer from an incident secondmode shelf wave to the first mode is possible. Downstream from the barrier, the incident mode may vanish, leaving a different mode to dominate. Dept. of Oceanogr., Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T IW5, Canada. 85:6940 Kang, S.W., C.S. Kim and J.K. Choi, 1984. Wave hindcast with the DSA-5 model in the seas adjacent to Korea. Bull. Korea Ocean Res. Dev. Inst., 6(1-2):34-47. (In Korean, English abstract.) Ocean Environ. Engrg. Lab., KORDI, Seoul, Korea. 85:6941 Laing, A.K., 1985. An assessment of wave observations from ships in southern oceans. J. Climate appl. Met., 24(5):481-494. There is very little consistency in the reporting of wind wave and swell periods and swell directions. Heights fare considerably better, although it is shown that one observer still fails to account for at least 50% of the variance in the observations of another observer. Some comparisons of ship-reported wave heights with measurements show a high bias (at least 0.5 m) in the observations. Despite the inconsistencies, the intercomparisons show that the
A. Physical Oceanography
A90. Currents 85:6926 Godfrey, J.S. and K.R. Ridgway, 1985. The largescale environment of the poleward-flowing Leeuwin Current, Western Australia: longshore steric height gradients, wind stresses and geostrophic flow. J. phys. Oceanogr., 15(5):481-495.
Seasonal mean maps of sea level are obtained from steric sea level and coastal tide gauges, and data on subsurface steric heights, wind stress vectors, wind stress curl and the longshore component of wind stress are presented and examined to shed light on the unique character of western Australian coastal flow. Circulation here is anomalous for its lack of significant upwelling and the unusual strength and persistence of the poleward flowing Leeuwin Current. Results support Thompson's (1984) contention that the current is primarily a convection current, driven by longshore steric height gradients at the shelf edge which may be created by deep channel flow through Indonesia from the Pacific. CSIRO Div. of Oceanogr., Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia. (fcs)
85:6927 Imawaki, Shiro, 1985. Features of mesoseale eddies in the deep mid-ocean of the western North Pacific. Deep-Sea Res., 32(5A):599-611.
At abyssal depths (4000 and 5000 m) the daily mean velocity field is almost uniform vertically. A clear tendency to westward phase velocity propagation with a speed of several cm/s is seen. Fitted waves have velocity amplitudes of 2 to 3 cm/s, periods of 40 to 150 days, wavelengths of 200 to 500 km, with a westward phase propagation; these properties are in the range of typical mesoscales observed at abyssal depths. A considerable fraction of the observed mesoscale eddies is accounted for by a few temporary, linear barotropic Rossby waves. Geophys. Inst., Kyoto Univ., Kyoto 606, Japan.
85:6928 Lu, Jiping and Yuechen Zhao, 1985. Non-steady wind--driven sea current on linear sloping contineatal shelf. Oceanologia Limnol. sin., 16( 1): 1017. (In Chinese, English abstract.)
If certain boundary conditions of the steady current are solved, the non-steady one can also be solved with Laplace transform. Solutions here include velocity and sea surface coordinates; some interesting properties of the flow field are revealed. Shandong Coll. of Oceanol., Qingdao, People's Republic of China.
OLR {1985) 32 (12)
85:6929 Miao, Jingbang, 1984. A simple model for the thermal structure of Kuroshio east of Taiwan. Oceanologia Limnol. sin., 15(6):558-566 (In Chinese, English abstract.)
A model of thermal structure is developed based on equilibrium between vertical thermal convection and turbulent thermal diffusion when surface temperature distribution is given. Main characteristics of the model are described, and show themselves to be fairly consistent with observations. Inst. of Oceanol.. Acad. Sin., Qingdao, People's Republic of China.
(fcs) 85:6930 Mo, Qinsheng and Zhenglang Xu, 1984. A preliminary study on the Kuroshio in the East China Sea
using satellite Ia images. Oceanologia Limnol. sin., 15(6):540-549. (In Chinese, English abstract.) Remotely-sensed SST and thermal front data (winter and spring, 1976-1981) show that the Kuroshio warm water decreases in width and its axis is deflected as the current passes over the ridge NE of Taiwan. IR images also displayed marginal eddies, a convex eddy, and the warm water core. Inst. of Fish. Much. and lnstrum, of Chinese Acad. of Fish. Sci.. Shanghai, People's Republic of China. (msg)
A150. Tides and sea level 85:6931 Bratkovich, A., 1985. Aspects of the tidal variability observed on the southern California continental shelf. J. phys. Oceanogr., 15(3):225-239.
Two years of current and temperature observations taken across the southern California shelf are analyzed statistically in the near tidal frequency band (0.6--6 cycle/day). Large seasonal changes in both temperature and cross-shelf current variances are seen; empirical orthogonal function analyses show large variations in amplitude and phase both across the shelf and vertically. Cross-shelf mass transports are three times the vertically averaged mass flux. Center for Earth Sci., Univ. of Southern Calif., Los Angeles, CA 90089-0741, USA. (wbo) 85:6932 Mosetti, Ferruccio and Nicolo Purga, 1985. The tides of the Tyrrheaian Sea. Boll. Oceanol. teor. app[., 3(2):83-102. (In Italian, English abstract.)
The diurnal and semidiurnal tides appear with very close amplitudes and phases over the whole basin. A
OLR (1985)32 (12)
A. PhysicalOceanography
mathematical model gives results in agreement with the observations. Using the model the ter- and quartodiurnal tides have been tested; observations concerning these constituents are uncertain, due to the small amplitude. Results show a behaviour which agrees with the larger tides, but is more dependent on basin geometry. Cattedra di Misure Oceanograf., Univ. di Trieste, Italy. 85:6933 Seung, Y.-H. and S.-R. Lee, 1984. A numerical experiment of tides in Chinhae Bay [Korea] by the finite element method. Bull. Korea Ocean Res. Dev. Inst., 6(1-2):31-36. (In Korean, English abstract.) Ocean Engrg. Lab., KORDI, Seoul, Korea.
A160. Waves, oscillations 85:6934 Aida, Isamu, 1984. An estimate of tsunamis generated by volcanic eruptions: the 1741 eruption of Oshima-Ohshima, Hokkaido [Japan]. Earthquake Res. Inst., Univ. of Tokyo, Japan. Bull. Earthq. Res. Inst., Univ. Tokyo, 59(4):519-531. (In Japanese, English abstract.) 85:6935 Baba, M. and C.M. Harish, 1985. Wave height and period distribution off the southwest coast of India. Indian J. mar. Sci., 14(1):1-8. Centre for Earth Sci. Studies, Regional Centre, Cochin 682 018, India. 85:6936 Cicconi, Giuseppe, Ignazio Dagnino and Alberto Albert, 1985. Mean length of runs of sea waves recorded in the Gulf of Genoa. Boll. Oceanol. teor. appl., 3(2): 103-112. Investigations in the Gulf of Genoa on sequences of waves exceeding some particular height and the mean length of such runs closely match results obtained by Goda (1976) on the Japanese coast, and Rye (1974) off Norway. Ist. Geofis. e Geodet., Univ. di Genoa, Italy. (fcs) 85:6937 Hatori, Tokutaro, 1984. Behavior of the Tokai tsunamis of 1707 and 1854 in the Kanto and East Izu districts [Japan]. Bull. Earthq. Res. lnsl., Univ. Tokyo, 59(4):501-518. (In Japanese, English abstract.)
997
85:6938 Holyer, J.Y. and L.A. Mysak, 1985. Trench wave generation by incident baroclinic Rnssby waves. J. phys. Oceanogr, 15(5):593-603. We consider the response of a two-layer fluid in a coastal trench to the incidence of low-frequency Rossby waves from the open ocean. In both the lzu and Peru trenches, deep longshore currents are generated by annual-period Rossby waves whose interracial amplitude is 5 m. The longshore current speed is particularly large when the longshore wavenumber and frequency of the incident wave are close to the complex roots of the free trench-wave dispersion relation for a fi-plane. It is conjectured that forced trench waves of the type described here may be detected in the Izu Trench from measurements of subthermocline currents. Sch. of Math., Univ. of Bristol, BS8 1TP, UK. 85:6939 Hsieh, W.W. and V.T. Buchwald, 1985. The scattering of a continental shelf wave by a long thin barrier lying parallel to the coast. J. phys. Oceanogr., 15(5):524-532. In the channel between the barrier and the coast, much of the incident shelf wave energy is transferred to the zero (or Kelvin) mode. Seaward of the barrier. substantial energy transfer from an incident secondmode shelf wave to the first mode is possible. Downstream from the barrier, the incident mode may vanish, leaving a different mode to dominate. Dept. of Oceanogr., Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T IW5, Canada. 85:6940 Kang, S.W., C.S. Kim and J.K. Choi, 1984. Wave hindcast with the DSA-5 model in the seas adjacent to Korea. Bull. Korea Ocean Res. Dev. Inst., 6(1-2):34-47. (In Korean, English abstract.) Ocean Environ. Engrg. Lab., KORDI, Seoul, Korea. 85:6941 Laing, A.K., 1985. An assessment of wave observations from ships in southern oceans. J. Climate appl. Met., 24(5):481-494. There is very little consistency in the reporting of wind wave and swell periods and swell directions. Heights fare considerably better, although it is shown that one observer still fails to account for at least 50% of the variance in the observations of another observer. Some comparisons of ship-reported wave heights with measurements show a high bias (at least 0.5 m) in the observations. Despite the inconsistencies, the intercomparisons show that the