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The Timing of Facial Osteotomies in Children and Adolescence, Consensus Conference
DEPARTMENT OF REVIEWS AND ABSTRACTS Edited by
Alex Jacobson, DMD, MS, PhD Birmingham, Ala All inquiries regarding information on reviews and abstracts should be directed to the respective authors. For ordering books, contact your local bookstore or write directly to the publishers. Articles or books for review in this department should be addressed to Dr. Alex Jacobson, University of Alabama School of Dentistry, University Station~Birmingham, AL 35295
The Timing of Facial Osteotomies in Children and Adolescence, Consensus Conference Gunnar Bjork, Hans Peter Freihofer, Erik Jonsson, editors Karlsham, Sweden: LIC FORLAG, Lagersblads Tryckeri AB; 83 pages; 1993 This paperback English language booklet of an excellent state of the art conference on a subject of increasing importance was held in Oct. 28-30, 1992, and may have been missed outside of Scandinavia and The Netherlands, from where the 27 participants came, making up seven craniofacial teams from Denmark, Finland, The Netherlands, Norway, and Sweden. Reading the booklet, which summarizes conference papers, discussions, and conclusions, it is apparent that a lapse of 4 years has not reduced its contemporaneous nature. Treatment of children with craniofacial deformities is a challenge at best, and timing is critical for optimal achievement of results. Many of the participants are internationally known, and the reference list at the end of the booklet is extensive. Subjects from 16 authors include orthodontic-surgical treatment of Class II normal, deep bite and short face patients, including preoperative and postoperative orthodontics. Also covered are Class II long face syndrome, with and without open bite and transverse problems, various forms of mandibular prognathism, asymmetrical mandibulofacial deformities, TMJ ankylosis, juvenile arthritis, idiopathic condylar resorption, and cleft lip and palate problems. Surely all dental libraries should have copies of this informative booklet. T. M. Graber
Postnatal Development, Aging, and Degeneration of the TMJ in Humans, Monkeys, and Rats. Craniofacial Growth Series Hans W. Luder, ed. Ann Arbor: Craniofacial Publications/CHGD, University of Michigan; Vol. 32; $55 plus shipping Investigators have long recognized that the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) exhibits various unique properties that
116
distinguish it from diarthrodial articulations of the mammalian body. Significant interest in the biology of the TMJ has been prominent among basic and clinical investigators for many years and centuries and continues today for two primary reasons. Toward the turn of the century, the northern European devised removable type orthodontic appliances designed to influence the growth of the jaws in human beings. Such practices were not adopted in the United States, that is, at least not until the 1970s when for whatever reason there developed an almost explosive interest in "growing mandibles" using the European type orthodontic-orthopedic devices. During the same period, the seeming preponderance of patients exhibiting TMJ pain, degeneration, and dysfunction caused concern among dentists and dental specialists. Consequently, the significant resurgence of interest among investigators into the biology and pathophysiology of the temporomandibular joint. Newer experimental approaches and techniques are continually being promoted to provide answers to old and new questions regarding the anatomy, pathology, and functioning of the TMJ. Dr. Luder conducted his research on the developmental biology and aging of the TMJ in monkeys and rats as a basis of comparative analysis of the morphology, metabolism, growth, and remodeling of the TMJ throughout life in human beings. The research sample comprised TMJs obtained from 62 human beings, 24 monkeys used for research purposes, a further 341 male and 300 female monkeys collected between 1961 and 1989, and 144 rats. The first section is devoted to describing the macroscopic and microscopic morphology of the joint and its relationship to metabolic activity. This is followed by a chapter that compares the skeletal maturation, Somatic growth, and aging in human beings, monkeys, and rats. Because condylar growth is of particular significance in the development of facial appearance and for the potential effects of orthopedic therapy, a separate chapter is devoted to describing postnatal growth of the mandibular condyle. According to the functional matrix concept, condylar growth occurs as a secondary or adaptive response to the functional behavior of the oral cavity and related oral structures. Recent observations, however, suggest that the condyle is indeed endowed with a tissue-separating capacity, but likely less than that of epiphyseal or costal cartilage. The question whether condylar growth is mainly intrinsic or adaptive, and whether its growth can be significantly altered by therapeutic manipulation remains controversial. Whether aging contributes to the pathogenesis of osteoar-
American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics/January 1997
Alex Jacobson, DMD, MS, PhD Birmingham, Ala All inquiries regarding information on reviews and abstracts should be directed to the respective authors. For ordering books, contact your local bookstore or write directly to the publishers. Articles or books for review in this department should be addressed to Dr. Alex Jacobson, University of Alabama School of Dentistry, University Station~Birmingham, AL 35295
The Timing of Facial Osteotomies in Children and Adolescence, Consensus Conference Gunnar Bjork, Hans Peter Freihofer, Erik Jonsson, editors Karlsham, Sweden: LIC FORLAG, Lagersblads Tryckeri AB; 83 pages; 1993 This paperback English language booklet of an excellent state of the art conference on a subject of increasing importance was held in Oct. 28-30, 1992, and may have been missed outside of Scandinavia and The Netherlands, from where the 27 participants came, making up seven craniofacial teams from Denmark, Finland, The Netherlands, Norway, and Sweden. Reading the booklet, which summarizes conference papers, discussions, and conclusions, it is apparent that a lapse of 4 years has not reduced its contemporaneous nature. Treatment of children with craniofacial deformities is a challenge at best, and timing is critical for optimal achievement of results. Many of the participants are internationally known, and the reference list at the end of the booklet is extensive. Subjects from 16 authors include orthodontic-surgical treatment of Class II normal, deep bite and short face patients, including preoperative and postoperative orthodontics. Also covered are Class II long face syndrome, with and without open bite and transverse problems, various forms of mandibular prognathism, asymmetrical mandibulofacial deformities, TMJ ankylosis, juvenile arthritis, idiopathic condylar resorption, and cleft lip and palate problems. Surely all dental libraries should have copies of this informative booklet. T. M. Graber
Postnatal Development, Aging, and Degeneration of the TMJ in Humans, Monkeys, and Rats. Craniofacial Growth Series Hans W. Luder, ed. Ann Arbor: Craniofacial Publications/CHGD, University of Michigan; Vol. 32; $55 plus shipping Investigators have long recognized that the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) exhibits various unique properties that
116
distinguish it from diarthrodial articulations of the mammalian body. Significant interest in the biology of the TMJ has been prominent among basic and clinical investigators for many years and centuries and continues today for two primary reasons. Toward the turn of the century, the northern European devised removable type orthodontic appliances designed to influence the growth of the jaws in human beings. Such practices were not adopted in the United States, that is, at least not until the 1970s when for whatever reason there developed an almost explosive interest in "growing mandibles" using the European type orthodontic-orthopedic devices. During the same period, the seeming preponderance of patients exhibiting TMJ pain, degeneration, and dysfunction caused concern among dentists and dental specialists. Consequently, the significant resurgence of interest among investigators into the biology and pathophysiology of the temporomandibular joint. Newer experimental approaches and techniques are continually being promoted to provide answers to old and new questions regarding the anatomy, pathology, and functioning of the TMJ. Dr. Luder conducted his research on the developmental biology and aging of the TMJ in monkeys and rats as a basis of comparative analysis of the morphology, metabolism, growth, and remodeling of the TMJ throughout life in human beings. The research sample comprised TMJs obtained from 62 human beings, 24 monkeys used for research purposes, a further 341 male and 300 female monkeys collected between 1961 and 1989, and 144 rats. The first section is devoted to describing the macroscopic and microscopic morphology of the joint and its relationship to metabolic activity. This is followed by a chapter that compares the skeletal maturation, Somatic growth, and aging in human beings, monkeys, and rats. Because condylar growth is of particular significance in the development of facial appearance and for the potential effects of orthopedic therapy, a separate chapter is devoted to describing postnatal growth of the mandibular condyle. According to the functional matrix concept, condylar growth occurs as a secondary or adaptive response to the functional behavior of the oral cavity and related oral structures. Recent observations, however, suggest that the condyle is indeed endowed with a tissue-separating capacity, but likely less than that of epiphyseal or costal cartilage. The question whether condylar growth is mainly intrinsic or adaptive, and whether its growth can be significantly altered by therapeutic manipulation remains controversial. Whether aging contributes to the pathogenesis of osteoar-
American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics/January 1997