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The use of a spot film radiographic device in cardiac roentgenology
ABSTRACTS,
THIRD INTER-SMERICAN
THE ANALYSIS OF THE CARDIOGRAM TECHNIQUE.-FRANZ M. GROEDEL,
CARDIOI.OGICAI,
CONGRESS
6.37
OBTAINED WITH IMPRO\*Ei) M.D., NED YORK, N. Y.
The cardiogram, the record of the cardiac concussion of the chest n-all. ill Technical older times highly valued, is hardly mentioned in modern literature. difficulties discouraged physicians from continuing the use of this clinical method. The technique of electrical pulse recording with special microphones, conceived by the author, facilitated cardiography greatly.. The special receiver bell, de\eloped for phlebography, was fastened to the chest and varied determinable pressure was exerted on the bell. Analysis of cardiogram and phlebogram, with the aid of simultaneously recorded cardiophonograms ancl electrocardiograms, was routinely exercised for several years. Results.-The conception that the cardiogram records only the ventricular movements must be discarded. The cardiogram, when recorded with this sensitive method--just like the phlebogram-mirrors every mechanical cardiac event. occurring during one heart cycle and, frequentb, is even more differentiatetl than the phlebogram. The isometric and isotonic contraction of each ventricle, the various svstolic phases,the opening and closing of each valve, the movements of each auricle, the mechanical event causing the third sound, are reflected in most cardiograms. Characteristic differences in configuration exist over tht.! various chest areas and between the normal and diseased heart. THE
USE OF A SPOT FILM ROENTGENOLOGY.-NATHAN
RADIOGR-APHIC GROSSMAN,
DEVICE IN CXRDI>4(’ hI.D., MILWAUKEE, WK.
Radiological examination of the heart calls for identification of the several chambers and segments of these chambers in the various views, nameiv, the posteroanterior, the left anterior oblique, and the right anterior oblique. Corrtblation with the clinical picture gives the cardiologist an idea of the status of the myocardium from a dynamic standpoint. Examination of the various segments of these several chambers requires positioning of the patient with specific reference to each individual chamber in that the same oblique position is not satisfactory for the examination of chambers whose silhouette is present in a given view. Because of the requirements of line positioning, fluoroscopy- has its greatest use. The disadvantage of this method is that no pemanent record for comparison or study is retained. It is suggested that the useof spot films of the various chambers and segments of these chambers be made in order to overcome the difficulty. described. This would eliminate the personal equation to some extent and ccrtainly would afford opportunities for subsequent comparison. Technique and technical factors are described. Several illustrations are included. ,Advantages and disadvantages of the method are enumerated. DYNAMlCS
OF THE INTERVENTRICULAR SEP’TTJ~I.--KICI~~~RD GI.THM.D., HARRY E. UNGERLEIDER, l;l.D., AND JRVIXG HIKSHTXIIXR, M.D., NEW YORK, K. Y.
NER,
The dynamic role of the interventricular septum has been largely overlooked because of its inaccessibility to study. The presence of large ventricular type pulsations along the right heart border in aortic insufficiency can be interpreted only as evidence of a powerful movement of the septum to the left in systoie carrying the right side of the heart with it. R’Iore direct observation of the movement of the interventricular septum has been accomplished by roentgenkymographic study in the left anterior oblique position during contrast visualization of the heart chambers with Diodrast. With this technique whereby- the septum is visualized, it is found that the excursion of the interventricular septum considerably exceeds that of the free left ventricular wall. It is evident that the
THIRD INTER-SMERICAN
THE ANALYSIS OF THE CARDIOGRAM TECHNIQUE.-FRANZ M. GROEDEL,
CARDIOI.OGICAI,
CONGRESS
6.37
OBTAINED WITH IMPRO\*Ei) M.D., NED YORK, N. Y.
The cardiogram, the record of the cardiac concussion of the chest n-all. ill Technical older times highly valued, is hardly mentioned in modern literature. difficulties discouraged physicians from continuing the use of this clinical method. The technique of electrical pulse recording with special microphones, conceived by the author, facilitated cardiography greatly.. The special receiver bell, de\eloped for phlebography, was fastened to the chest and varied determinable pressure was exerted on the bell. Analysis of cardiogram and phlebogram, with the aid of simultaneously recorded cardiophonograms ancl electrocardiograms, was routinely exercised for several years. Results.-The conception that the cardiogram records only the ventricular movements must be discarded. The cardiogram, when recorded with this sensitive method--just like the phlebogram-mirrors every mechanical cardiac event. occurring during one heart cycle and, frequentb, is even more differentiatetl than the phlebogram. The isometric and isotonic contraction of each ventricle, the various svstolic phases,the opening and closing of each valve, the movements of each auricle, the mechanical event causing the third sound, are reflected in most cardiograms. Characteristic differences in configuration exist over tht.! various chest areas and between the normal and diseased heart. THE
USE OF A SPOT FILM ROENTGENOLOGY.-NATHAN
RADIOGR-APHIC GROSSMAN,
DEVICE IN CXRDI>4(’ hI.D., MILWAUKEE, WK.
Radiological examination of the heart calls for identification of the several chambers and segments of these chambers in the various views, nameiv, the posteroanterior, the left anterior oblique, and the right anterior oblique. Corrtblation with the clinical picture gives the cardiologist an idea of the status of the myocardium from a dynamic standpoint. Examination of the various segments of these several chambers requires positioning of the patient with specific reference to each individual chamber in that the same oblique position is not satisfactory for the examination of chambers whose silhouette is present in a given view. Because of the requirements of line positioning, fluoroscopy- has its greatest use. The disadvantage of this method is that no pemanent record for comparison or study is retained. It is suggested that the useof spot films of the various chambers and segments of these chambers be made in order to overcome the difficulty. described. This would eliminate the personal equation to some extent and ccrtainly would afford opportunities for subsequent comparison. Technique and technical factors are described. Several illustrations are included. ,Advantages and disadvantages of the method are enumerated. DYNAMlCS
OF THE INTERVENTRICULAR SEP’TTJ~I.--KICI~~~RD GI.THM.D., HARRY E. UNGERLEIDER, l;l.D., AND JRVIXG HIKSHTXIIXR, M.D., NEW YORK, K. Y.
NER,
The dynamic role of the interventricular septum has been largely overlooked because of its inaccessibility to study. The presence of large ventricular type pulsations along the right heart border in aortic insufficiency can be interpreted only as evidence of a powerful movement of the septum to the left in systoie carrying the right side of the heart with it. R’Iore direct observation of the movement of the interventricular septum has been accomplished by roentgenkymographic study in the left anterior oblique position during contrast visualization of the heart chambers with Diodrast. With this technique whereby- the septum is visualized, it is found that the excursion of the interventricular septum considerably exceeds that of the free left ventricular wall. It is evident that the