The use of reversed diffusion flames for the production of acetylene and ethylene from paraffin hydrocarbons

of tim perctmt.a-t. C u l l _, hi t h . ntw ~as xxitll diluet~t ratio is shown i~l l"i~trrs .l and ft. T h e ;.t.lll"ltiltls/jet r:l~.Jo x','6ls 1'>'7 ',ll'l(] lhl. v c l o c k v rat;o abuut 22. Tl,t. III.+LxirIIuIII ]ll ]"i.~HYC 4

li31

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l]l+

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~.~',l4,

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.d.41 l:'lw f,,l nJ, lhH[w I].~ll~-'. i[,w,+.vcJ", [tie p,.i, cl~l.,<,. ~,,~v,.t-i,,ll L,.N-,,~I i.~pi, ll\' ,t~ the N tL r.illt, IJH-, ]:1 ;]w ''~L'' ,,I lilt' l],Licri0

21,

+;+I ...................................] .

~ % ,.."a"'* - ~ " - . . o _.,,,..

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to

-

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ff

f

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I"4~ I 0 2

i +`

15

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l

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, 'I'

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13

t, r n p ~ . l : d u r c , ill

r 1

0

.

I ~

Nz/o+

occurs at thu same dilucnt ratio a s for m0that]+>. I n Tabl+ 4, analy-~es are given ,ff svrnph:Ps of the gases c o r r e s p o n d i n g a p p r o x i m a h J y to the m a x i m a of the curves or" Fig+~tes 4 and 5, 7"a~>l¢ 4, -

IN" /'0~ r

-

(.,ii

F,:,,t, ++-ivc cl,trI+ali-

f,,n.,,i

l'ho

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colih'llt

+,I l}w

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i,

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,'I[U,/It',Itc C',hl,'ll[ ,,i JH' I'iD,i.ilWt ;.'it-, +,,, ++UF,I.,rLs the vi,,w tlmt l},i-~ ~.,,L. i.., ~,¢I'J,'d partJy in the' ]ir,~pit.rv., c,,it~itHtiri..~ t)l~' ,ltWi.:hira~ lli(.'dil.lltl ;mdJh+] tl'w I];UH,', -ir+,'~. lhi:., i,r<,+:~,..,+ ~.~'~+uld +>tour i'ltIJrl' ~'Xtl'[l>i~*'l']~" ill tilt' hJt'.h,T tI:iliw h L r l l l | ' ~ . t ! T a + liir+. +. "]",vr, hlr+',ilcr +,b<,.rv;~li,+ll-~ ,ali'+[>+~rl. tills

Vast+mort m i t h ,,It/ue~:t r~+ti., .~ {,,~,+~P,,~,,, +ont~en;io++ to ac<'lylene / o r r + v e v : e d t,r+,pmne .lho,+,',

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.,:,,I tl), ,'tl:.'b'))+' (:,>Itl,.I;t l.tlt-~ -,h;+t'ply. :,\'. ,.,.IH'rl )h,' t~,+[~;~;t d' ..tl(':~rll +'-; ]~Y,'h,':d~'"]

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,

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,IT,I)

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(;74

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~85

t'~.;l~:tl,,l~s ;tud tlrc~ ;~ct a-~ ( l i h w l l t s onl't;,

,IIL~

d[luc~-H :trc .uivvn in Tafi5: 7. F o r compar+.~tb,,e [~m+'t~,-c.S, t h i s tai+lt: al.s+) (.rOtlt;I, ill~' det:ail~ of -,.ttnpl,,~ Iw.vin~ :he h i g h e s t :tcctylc'nc c o n t e n t iN,,',. ,';S :tt++'l 122) a n d thc,sc h.W,'iI+.g t h e h i g h e s t

1!1, rm:h; I'q't.~l(llI ,.~hich

,,/ /,r,'h,',: ,,[ /,','.:::a~¢, c,,;;+'/,,,~rn.~ -/ +!:;;,+,' [,',d,c.'::

<',i~ l;;,?;.'P;++'

,:':,.

'fh+ ::01u,.u,'+. ,d t+)'ch,.,~I Ul.,)+ rc', ,,t:~,,d qu, t]+,tll,. '~il" +];~tl;~'., i'~ ~]l,+wu I,V l. il~' :ltl.t]',.'..l'~ ~:i',, c: It) 7":dd,: ,% Jh, r,. i.: .+ ~tl,';):-..tLl':d,I,. [n,),:.t',(' ;tl ;ec('4.vh'rxl' (out, rl'~ 'o. ilh t)r~'h,';~l : :t .;iluil:kr lr('tl(I ~,'.'~t.~

~"I',~ll!L-hl¢i with

[3[~+]~'HTII' IIHIIH"4, (','Sl.ll'L% fi,r whicL ;~r~' '
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5-2

54

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21+'4

:l 4

~+' I

11' 1

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2H, S P, I ' 9

22'7 22'4 22"4

gases.

tilt. ;tl.'~.tvlon, ~ t , n t e n t t;) he e x p e c t e d w h e n a n ,,~si!v rvm~:,+,qble. H~H'l-Foar:titlg di[1.1enl: IF, Ilscd, ,~II~.YfL V:,!tl~'S rrl:W i)(' ttt~/ltl'~:~tre(.[ d i r e c t l y w i t h tl,<,~.' <,t,l:~it,.d from ,'xperirnents in which ,tx3'gt.ll.".;O';~.Itl tlliXtllr~'s We:To ll.%ed, : t n d w i t h

f:ll~

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t,,.ih, , ~ii

I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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'['h,)+., . iu w h i c h prehe;W~,d ~0,ses weru used ~N,,~. 13t a n d t;+5! :~rc also .~iven. T h e result.'; ~['t. c:.,[~,rt'~t'd ~/TI :t nitr~g,-'n-t-rt:'t' ~):~.';i.q~ l l d :.ll~O ,,t, ,t ~d~r(,.,.,,c'n+frce, ,.'xcess-hvdr()carbon+frce 1,.L:4t... R e s u l t s c x p r v s s c d in thi~ m a n n e r sh~>',+"

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these result~ expressed o:~ a lu<'l-frce ba~.i~. Sirnph~ calculation sl+tuws til~t w h ( : l l s t e ; l . i l l i s used, ;fie act:tyltme coatent of tlw F~rodl.lcl: g;~st:s .~h¢:uld be up t<:) ~t[+i~,llt 4 ' ~ p e r UC'Itt f,,r ltl+.'l.i'lillli ' and for propane up to n~'arly 8 F~'r o::z~t. "i'h,~ actual contents obtained (see Table 7) ar[,' I+.+~,+,'l+r than these: sanlples I!~ and l-ll a r ~ : C+.K;lll~.plt'> of high acetyler~e contents from m e t h a n e al~d propane flames respectively, and samples 120 and I42 repr<~sent high conversi-,ns ~for rri,athane and propane flames. For .;ainph: i~,,5, consid,.rable preheat was used. The use of steam as it diluent h:~..+ thu Iollowing effects : {i) carbon dioxide is increased (ii) acetylene is increased but not to ~,',e exCr:nt

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Figure 4; .qlow. lhe [rer.

I ' ! l l ( q ' g y (ll~ felrllIi'.~tiO~ Of SOll'le. siiri]/tC h vdrocarllon.~ as ;t [tllrl('~tioti OI lf..mperariJr<,. +Fht: hmrt:ashig .+,tabitit~ el a,cr:ty-

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:l

11 )'l',iCliOIJ~*)f liic [,,,-irix iu n.;urU,,i~ l

4~ablc pr()dl.~ct~ ducolll~ ;rod :t an' calculated lt'r,lt) 1.[1(' ~.[i;I,[V'-.p~ ()) I)IU c { ) l d ~I'LSL'OLIH pJ'oducts, ;I.F(:, plllit b,.ilu4 takcl) (d thl.' rc;u2h..(l rll(!tll[lll(, t>Ilty, mq.~4~i),l,, v:F,n,,s ;m, Itn cart>on h')rmation has i n d i c a t e d t h a t tiP.' l'i'lt'CI1RlliSi~l i.':, lil,>l't? cumplux t h a l l ~tli...i. Ii: n,,u ~i,,n :~; is z~e,.:lvqlvd (c;trhtm f o r m a t i o n was ;,tm.,~t nt:gliRU.d,: lr(;In rarest u[ 1.h~ r e v e r s e d l);~trl~' ,,xpcrinlc~tts rel:),)raed h e w ) , v a l u e s for l h , Jr;tcli~m~ dvccmq)osing iu r e a c t i o n s I a n d 2 ln,tv i,e c;~l,:;Itlatcd, ;m([ :~ im.dk:tP~t~ ,,f the hv, trr,';e'n lmxlucu'd m u y be m a d u . This pa,,dict(()n is i n v a r i a b l y m u c h l(~wcr t h a n that ,)})l;.Un,,d in pra~ctice, A m c c h a n i s n l p , ) s t u l a t h N th.)l p)'r~@tic 2ti'i(i ()~*11~.t)tlStioi'l ri,att:t[olls occl.lr SilI~llhLlIl(?Ol|.Sly iTI I.hL' Ilallle ;~t~L] ;,re related ~.,nly !~,," !he lher]mtl d e p e n d e n c e ~)( flit' ft.)tiller 0~! !}t,' h~Lh'r i~ t!ll~, s h o w u In bu i~)ade(.lt~atc alid It i.: indh'i.d,'d tIIttt tt rllorc iltlirtiF.ttL, r,'L:tti(mshlp ,'XI..I.<

tY(!tW('vtl

lh~'

tW(i

{'t:;iCl.],)II>,

A I',. rticuLartv ,;lir~,ct e x a m p l e ,:~ the iatur. ;c('lh)ll ()~ the CO{ll])llSl}e);I :illd I;)yr~dylic rcaclio|T~ :, p r . v i d v d hy thv ,,qu;1E>ria w h i c h (:az~ be Set ill) !)cDvtc~l I)I()dllCtS try)ill I)I[: tWO pCOCL'SSLS, V i i I':iLf hq;llil)gellwkHlS %%~llL)r..~:19 r,J:lCIi{))l £[I%'O1VilI,K

C,LrtlI)II

lllOIttiXld{',

Citr[>c)ll

(I.{iT}xide,

st.eaIll

;LILII ]ty(lro'.tvrl. wh('r(' hydr¢}gen is f a v o u r e d at [, ,~.~."(t'l Lll)ul'ti.lnrus 5.lid i+t~l.ll[)~.l]llll()mlx]d~ ~ a t higher tctul'x'ratLm.'s. "l'hi.~ e q u i l i b r i u m will be con,d,lcrably a:](,ctcd b y the u~e of s t e a m as a d ; h u . n t of (he oxy~len feed, and. it is possible l!Ktt the differ, nee b e t w e e n p r e d i c t e d an 1,r:~cI.ical a c c t v l u n e cozt~ent.~ w h e n c h a n g i n g i'rola )fitn)g,.n t(> s t e a m a~ d i l u e n t m a y be e x p l a i n e d dU, this basis. Ft w a s i n v e s t i g a t e d q u a n t i t a t i v e l y

l

26

~'ilh

rt.ver.-4cd

t].tLnr]c'$,

tilt!

cthyhqi(

W[t.tt'["

i¢. \~ilHI1

.<~xy,14eibc,liric!lcd

Iu['l]'l(+d

~)t'iIl~

air

o.~titila.tt'd

]LV

HlillJIIg +It,' pn+duct .~<'is,+ and wul~llhi,t: them. Nitro~ett 'Wa.~ IJ~,t'd ;.t.~ the t +el Itl,qt"~] rt,ft,rvllt'~' ~a.S I;OlllWCtili~ irq'lti{ tinalltilk'- b+ pcr('eFil;i~+' cot~lpti.aiticlll +,f tht' p r o d u c t .~ s{,s. 'J'h+' Vxlllv:~ O.t" the t,qtIilibrium Cnii.'.lltllt~ il'Dh~71h'tt (',)r;c... p,.md,'d wd~ [<> vahk,.4 vxpcci<.rl l<,r l l w ~'xp,'ri. +i:t.'nta] t,,:;tlpt,ratur,...~ f'{~r tlle~e I]arm,+ rt..[if:rtt,tt if]. OU£ pl*.;'~.']titi7 p:.ipi'r, l){,tail~ i,f lW,~ - i lil,,~-c cxp'rillltqit,~ arc given ill T a b l e <','. T,+DI+'

x.

,',.~l'l+#,'/.

];'quUiLhum

rl'ai-~l".h'

ill ll'7'+

/,.'P

Y'+ (I" + /,',%','e +,'+

]. ~ ,, t,',,

.tll,f I'

31. ',,l~

V,,I.

ll,ilii~'-, Ill II1~' llr.~l , ,~:'.r , ~ ,liq!liltll;lll i~ dl~i.ltied enil~hh' lilt' llalii,' c~l'~,'],,lu ~ l l i lh~, r~],LtiVely t~i~[i t'~dh','lllld~i, ql , 'r lit, llI,t~h' ,,C,:llrriiJD4 there, whih, iI~ lh,, .,,,,h,t c,t.,, I~l~ Ih,,llC ~,uly <~ccur~ ill

I,P,~.

~',,l~i'~'lill',lli,

,ll

,4 ..... :~l

pr,.Ie~
i,I

Pli~'

h,rl~,,.+l

.~la.l.llt,

I i ,'h'vat.d

I IHt %

lit lh, ~ ~a-~' ,,I l>lhrr;lry i L v l , , h l f l

i~r~,l,,~!l,

t{:, ~,

.il,

!~,~." 1~liliIL

ll,ilr:,~;i.

t'.ll

.

"~

II,

til

.[s]

~'.li

+ -¢'

It,.

I1

.[.<~]

.+

7',;+/l;.'..

]'l

N lt'l'jll{NI

'-1~1

.ll

',t ;q<'

it, ll ', ,13.tilt ,

.;' llllV

('.

IIH'

;,f; i*i ~

h'~llrr,l'iLrb+qJ< ~r,+,,l,l,I, i~, ,Hi'l r:J, lh~.l ,uTl,lylt.ile!

Jh'l

IH ,' ~t

UII~II1

.,

fact. ;~ c':iI~ph'h' ;~Ii.~]~."-7.: ,,I ,~ ;:h-, ',,uliplt' fFUIll tl rl'vtq>t'¢t i)r+it~,lllt, ~1, all! 2il'f[ ri~t,'-:l'li liAltlt' Wli.4 !H.i,h.' Jhll lh,, ~lnat] ,lii.!lililt' ,,P I.,il~ C,, hydroc;/rb+m7 iu
c. It

N iL~a

..

L

"2~'2

17
l l),'~

1 ~;

3,

365

1 ,'.i,~

1;4"1

1"II5

35

I

•

I ;q;7

P~ .

1 +I.17

I+ I

*,JI'i'J',lll<' l" /"~,d,[~ • !~ i,

The ('X['lerilnC, lll %;'i!.ti the highv,~t (Ig)'~l.'I'l Pal(' gave the highur tenl[wr~,ture and the hi~zh~-r acetylene content in the p r o d u c t .qa.~c'>. Othc'r equilibrla, which m a y Iw it:wdv,.d h~ the tlames includ+,~ the followir,.q:

C H , 7~,.~ .£ Ci, H ,I'

--I "

CO..+ CH, C+CO,

~

;L: .+. l i ,

+: i

,--'--I "If 1~

.... ....

[4] {s]

2C•) .+-.[I . . . . .

[6]

2C()

[+7]

....

For reaction 4, th,' c+mstar,t calculated ,fr¢mi ttic gas comj.~sltinns from b+nh lllcttlalU.. ~uid propane flames cnrresponds Io tezrqx'raturvs lit the range I 20rl ~ to 1 Of)0°C. I;or reaction 5, the value o[ the equitlbriuni crmsmnt obi~tinod ¢:orrestxmds to a temperature range' of 900" If, I800°C, white that for reactl/m 7 corresportds to a temperature range of 820 ~ to 9 {-)0+e C.~ TJw reason for the pronounced reduetio, iu flu, values ot the latter range is not known, but b~,th m a y corre,~pond to a reaction shift during coollng from the peak temperaturu, The value of the equilibrium constant for reaction 6 corresponds to a temp0rature range of 680 ° to 8SO°C Ior reversed methane flames and to 850" to 105O°C f~r reversed propane

)~t' t'Xll,

i ll'+l

ill ~}h' I,,lr

,Jl'f 'dl~liliLl',

/ ~ r t ' ; ~ , ~,

I

ri,,il

]l~.

', ,~

iq,,,l?lcl>.

ll',ll l.[++r!

, ', '- *,

9

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:17 7

I I~',

f~ I

4

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"7 I

I

e'l+ ~\,.

II ? 7 li

~' I i

,;:,7

l

II i

I).:4

!I

II

II

15 fi.;t

t

I °, ~..,,inr~ hl
(<;ei.

',;,,o,,

f 4i

~ll! I'L.~ ~,.-

]ll

I(

Ibm ..,~ l.u ;~ the

I'~,'l'+ pl %'1.ir •

lt'~l~ lil HI,.~ aft' ~ q iMc~'rlli, rd. r,':~ctiHh 8 w]]i l 1', |IH' IIJ,~JH ILrilH;IQ,' ~WLRh,!S.~, t . i~.. fldi,,v,',,
r.:cnrri:l;: in I!ll'[fl;lll,' ~llIJ +'lhvlel.' I>)'F,4)'SiS, I'+W !+,'lh 11il'l~lltllt' a~M ]'~!'~q'a'l" ruw,l'..~'ci llarne% II!1t~111"111

tiVltl'I+l';Irtl,~H~,

I'lo-4"

l~i I I~i' illt~lll'

fl"lJll|

hf,I rJlLJt' !,~." Vii'Ill,' +,t thl.ir 131.lq'l llil,rljl::[ +.:l[,achv Imi .~],,, i,c" illtqJi'l'-(,>ill~ ~'ri@dlu'r~rjit: <]('c+,ll~pH~,il{,,iL Thi' ~'llltHrhi'l'l'Ili(; ¢Ii.'C+IPNflH:qliiIII i-~ [Jarlli'lllrill.v ililt>l>r.t;Hi[ for pr'+lp;um ~,~hh:h IllulvrTnq,~, i>yr, 4ysl~ af H4i~l.Jw;ly id~>.~l'l)

lOW

ht';ll

i<~lrlf)l.r;i.lllr+,s

lr-lh,,7 liri,h.al

' ;ill~j

il

i~:; +d+vi
~h;i.l,

con-

<~I Ihl. [irulianc will Pllh;lllO.b tim

(m,' r,f' It., raCist <,bviolas ditYvrenees between tiw revt,rsPd d i f f u s h m Ilamc, s u,~ed her(: and p n ' I n i x e d flame Sy.'4leHis L'4 tl'W large dlfferenee irt [he lilic/.:llt:.,4,qt:s r~f lhe rc';~ctkm zone.~ and

TII~' ~,-i~l~l[!l', ' l]II~ {l', ;{t

hiul, {,,t,q,,,~;,

]~l

,I

ll+ ~

I'.t ~h,' l,r, .~ IJl t'X]~,,[iIll,,lll-. [hi, liIIh' ;il, + l , l r ! 111 . ' c c,,tttpim',l ~xiltl IO ~ ~,,

•,~,.

~t

I [ ' : :' '''

p.~. :, ",

" 4 I [ [ ~I t r ]

ll;ttm'

[I[ "~IILI t ] ] I]]t I ]+l,';lliX!'t]

,,T,I,'r

t+,

i i',+ ', ',, [ ~ l r{l i It ':l,'ll

*I' ~

~',

i',1

I+tt,tlll~ +' f ;[ l

1 I ; [ l"

.+<',.evl~.ll,. +"l;ll

tile]

;~le,!

Tilt

ilat

;,;,, ill, I :'.t ...... , Th,' [+'~t~,'-J~,ll ,:rl.lla;3 rgit Iiq 1:~ I lit :[I,' ;ll,t',lI41]II': I,[,~.i,+l:-lV lid[

t: I l :::I

!l: .... 11,,'I Ir+ ~],'ltlr;mnht.l,: I], I q u a l i l v rd 11:, 'v, ,1','. ~t. lh, ['] ~]ltt~ k ~q':[ ~;~!'{{1 i" , , ! < . < b, d~,, ',mm,hl~. j,.1 r,d[,, whki~ p,tltlT,' l., ' . . . .

[ I '1[l'1" I[IU q]llallllllk" t+i ]IVIJF4,C;LFI~Iql ]hI:.4]ll.~ air ]:Pl,I l } [{ I iJitll)4 l` l'h," ~[i-;ll[~.[kHll+t{( • i,t ;, ~lt Ilk', l

I,:~ :', .~'.muhl', is I<+ !.qt.',. ;e ]ti:.'!tl',,' .libra
;ITlrtl:!tl-

I.,, !,mOlr ~.lt!l!:-i~{:l

]", Ill;, :,Ill;ilL

[ ] ~ l tD''~'ll'rJ('iLil)+q[ fl'dil. 'trL. l/ll.:t, H<.H,.yllIIy

I P] ~

,i l'e+.t l'-~,'d ilalll<' C;Ill

I , .qld~i}L'<',[. .i llarllu h,~m l:,.In:.' il~ ?h~. t'+~l'tl+ ,d all h l v c r l v : l C, ml:, !~;I .... g [}JltllllLl]l ";tml;l]':illl..;,

IIIC

[lib{

[]~L[?I l"

"+i/C Ill

|11''

II.,rl:l i:- ,'<,tllr,,llcd I,v ; h r li?t
l]~t I II;I11]" at]{+,'+'<

i~ .-I:+,i,, ~:,, ~h+l+. :~ +],., rii..+I i~ ,',,:+r~,,':b,l+ wi+h :IIIIIII1114 '}I'I rat[,+. ,t [I+ v,']'iPl{] t [,~ r : t [ - [ ~ + i~ ~ ]'+[I,~"F +,i,l,da-~L I h , ' ~,lh,.I Illql,~rlarH v.~r'i.ttdc i-. 1he lLiillt.lll ralil~ irl tll~, 'air' >lr,,aIH. .\: tiff- P~ti~, i~ re,lu,'~,,l lhr I]l~Jl,' It,[}ll,,iT';Lllll{, WIH ~~[<'~']';['1~ I . kt.]lil.']l i~ ia','~mr:lldt, b~ : t o ' l y ] l l l , l ~'+ItlP,'nl[,,~i, l]'h[-, i}ir~v{l~k~III }Ill'rt'[l~.('~ flal qIIt'}i
l,)' I]1,. [[u.'l tidal a pl,,t ol ac,,.ty]en,.. <,.f ]~q'['t:{?['lt~L~..{dl. ,2(}I']VtpFS[()]L ~.Lg~tillS[

,][h>nl r'ath~ ha=q a lDaXirlltlltl w h i c h dr+(.,s rme '~C+'~If al 2'[.i"~,. "['hlls w]litc w h e n pIzre o x y g e n i~ ia,,H thv ira,duel: ~a~(.s ar~. not diluted a n d

Ih,,

Ilam, ' tvml~'raUrtrt'

i< hi;It~'r,

ttm

los~

of

:ltNdV]q I1,' ,,ri~iuaLty ['oFIIX..i IDII~-I ;|lso ]K' gngrttcr.

'lh~' ( ' m w . s f.;i~"ta in [.zqe~.re:e 4 am] 5 i]R:;~trate lid. l>.d.+. 'fh,. . D'rl' r"tlISi{.[I .O'11 h'!f[' ;Llad tha.L it is !hb, ,'xpr,,ssi,m r,f ;It:'U,'[t'Hq" crmtet,t {i,c. h~,b'D'~-Ic;l~ ,;~ ,'[iluvml l h a t rist.., as :t]t;m[ng.;jet [',l[h a Ill q fH; ~:'.~':':.

iu4i,';!t,.-Ih,' llll[

[

';]a''~'~t

"/'i )~.' Ill+tN [~']EI

' [~

ill

1.1|~ ' ('ll ~'V US

II('L:t':-.I':.3FV. [l{'l~,'~l('t'l| dihllh)l'l JflXlll ci,~';l! prtl.'.;iTllil:y 'b.,

I } ' ~l a ; ~ r ] { . ' . I,'rn,4.'itl

Ill, I [[alHc.

V;du,., ,,i t~v.x,, var'i;.dd,.~ alf,., t tht. prudttcLimt ,< vthyl,.lu., carb~,l~ trl~m,~xi~h, arid. h y d r o R c n . [,IH {lit' IlXglC{ I{I!I{?]KL1]i.~FII ~'d the c[fects is .... [Itll'+{t?[ll d,,ut,thtI. "[4P~ l c++r,'ur, tratic)ns ,,f ,,xitl,.s +.[ ~'::ir?',+~ri fit the p r a d u c t ~ will d e p e n d htr::t,!y ,,u ,,,all,l:sfi,,t, >..au'tkm,..;, a n d t h e y will :t,[+~I~
rc~u::ti.:~ ;d ~.ttcce~.Hv(..ly i+)wcr l , ' m p e r a t u r e s . 'J'htl tlt}~vl~,qtl. , . /tIld +'LilZLDL' I,'(tallelltS h;tvt! 'b(fcll -.hu.v,-'la. f,,r ,,'v..rsed m.cth;.nrl,+ llames., to del-~,nd t'f~.,rl the' ,,,luilil,rhar!'~ {'Zlll;

+l'

<.Jail+,. If;

,~t the highv.,.t lc+Jqv..'raltlr..,~, ill tiRP tl,J.lrw. For l+r<,pan, , tiara:,.,:, flu.. ~'thvh.nc c
dvp,,ll,! tm ll;.t+l,., tcl'tt[:,.'r.ttllrc {~1{'l d i h l c n t ratio) itll([ I. ID' ~lIFtl t't'tlll'tll. Will lit' lillkcd tt, the ratc ,,1 c,,dir/~ ;l! l; P2eD,'HI'III'il ]IV ;'t.loEiy rittio a n d tl:~tqlt:- i~'t r~ti~. C o ncl ~ksion 1 h,, im~ i~k~.i,' vaLu.:, ai: d w rcsuh,,, r,..portud abc~vt. ]i,,~. Jr. lhc f~u~t that d w y ~h0w th;.Lt the rcvvr'scd IJicfllq'S

~Jl

]'qII",LT]]IF

hy[.[F<~t'.:LF~ItITLS

C;IT!.

bO

Coil.

tr,,Iled t<) ali~,w the i.~ot:ttion of a p p r e c i a b l u q u : m t i t i e s uf tmsaturat~.d h y d r o c : t r b o n s . I"rom tla" cx;m~i~t:tti~,tt of these results infcreltces r n a y i,c +lra.wfl :t.'; discussed a b o v e . ()witl~ 1o t]te c o m p l e x i t y ~ po:~sil.~h~ to {~nnul.'tte a c o m p l e t e /'~';l(.:li~')lt HICCt'I~LrLi.'z.I[I fOF {~lt.! [>recesses o c c u r r i n g

2N

J. h'. \=tim~ .m,l I) ;I. X,l.~,:

in reversed flamc.~. H,wcver, it ha~ bv~,n sh(:)wll that p vrr@si.~ ,.,rod eonll:mstir,m !)coo)me intimatch' linked m this process or p:~rikd c)mlbu~tiun ::,~M ca|lnOt })Lrst~pitr.'ttedJilts,h{';tl-pth)dHcin~ ;~Hd h(tat-.'~bs<.~rb[ag ,~y,.qc m$. This cot:clusf,,rx is .qiiZliJ;J,r to r.hat rc;tc]a.d l)v tht' ~tu.thot's c(mccrn g carl)on f,~rmat.ion i;t flames when .-.tress was 1,id <,n the r~,I,, {)) <,xygL'n and the preset~cc ,)f oxvgt.natcd inlet. mediates. The com~.)sition ()f tt)c gas irt[xttH't,% ~,i)tai~ed cannot I.)e related t~.~ tha~ predicted ])y a simpk, pymiyfic rcactkm sch,,~nIt.,:: invt.dvin~ acc).ylene as intermediate and carl)on as ondproduct. This is not unexpected, slncc in ~.l diffusion lit.tin(? (:olnl.)usti(~n rt'acii<:m~; dcpc'ndcnl upon a tarRe ,xygc)~ supply -c<',r Sillll.llt;rtll(> ously with carbot~ formation.

V,,I. 4

-rah'jtf//v ,.:/,'~mr./~'dCcd.

,,j ,]..~I.

ll~,r.~],,,,,! ,,f //u." I:.(.L'.[('...].

",,:4,o

dnd c~O'ri~',~" ~)ul lit:"
Rel'er~nt'(:~ I

~,(;I)P h.,l,!:

#:~'lirt~

J.:..[.

i'~

t+,] Y.Xml:l:.

",,".~ Y , , r k ,

,:*,

l+i,=,'I

)~)~,~

I~. l ] . f'Jti:

",vm/'.,.',im+t