Theory-practice, a Nonfunctional Tandem in Romanian Technical Higher Education

Theory-practice, a Nonfunctional Tandem in Romanian Technical Higher Education

Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia Technology 19 (2015) 1130 – 1135 I=$CI:GC6I>DC6A DC;:G:C8: $CI:G9>H8>EA>C6G>IN>...
Download PDF
152KB Sizes 0 Downloads 71 Views
Report

Available online at www.sciencedirect.com

ScienceDirect Procedia Technology 19 (2015) 1130 – 1135

I=$CI:GC6I>DC6A DC;:G:C8: $CI:G9>H8>EA>C6G>IN>C C<>C::G>C< $)/ - )"   *8ID7:G  />G6

/=:DGN EG68I>8: 6 CDC;JC8I>DC6A I6C9:B>C-DB6C>6C/:8=C>86A #><=:G 9J86I>DC !:A>8>61:GDC>866C8>J6   J<:C+WBUCI6[7  

'$#*"&#&#,()#*.#%#5'(+$*. ' "&#$&!#&(#&!#"##*/+' ,#%#5'( 

'%&# '$#*"&#&#,()#*.#%#5'(+$*.' "&#$&!#&(#&!#"##*/+' ,#%#5'( 

'%&#

#$"$ !GDB:9J86I>DCEHN8=DADCID;K>:L EG68I>8:>H6CN>C9:E:C9:CI68=>:K:B:CII=:IG6>C::HB69:6II=:EGDEDH6A6C9JC9:G I=:96C8:D;H8=DDA EGDC<ID6HHJB:>C8G:6H>C<6JIDCDBN6C9E:GHDC6AG:HEDCH>7>A>IN *C69:8A6G6I>K:A:K:A :9J86I>DC EGDK>9:GH 6GDJC9 I=: LDGA9 8A6>B I=6I I=: EG68I>8: >H I=: :HH:CI>6A A>C@ 7:IL::C HE:8>6A>HIH_ IG6>C:G 6C9 I=: @CDLA:9<: HD8>:IN C::9H  /=>HE6E:G_H 6>B >H ID 6C6ANO: I=: I:8=C>86AEGD;:HH>DC6AEG68I>8: 9:EADN:9 >C -DB6C>6 G:<6G9>C< I=: I=G:: B6>C 68IDGH >CKDAK:9>C:9J86I>DC6AEGD8:HH :BEADN:GH HIJ9:CIH6C9JC>K:GH>I>:H 6C9>IHG:HJAI>H6C6GDCL=:I=:GI=:G:>HDGCDI6 C::9ID8=6C<:>CI=:L6NI=:EGD;:HH>DC6AEG68I>8:>H9DC: H::C7N :BEADN:GH6C9JC>K:GH>I>:H P 2015  Published /=:JI=DGH +J7A>H=:97N AH:K>:G'I9 © by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license .:A:8I>DC6C9 DGE::G G:K>:LJC9:GG:HEDCH>7>A>IND;`+:IGJ(6>DGa 0C>K:GH>IND;/>GC::G>C< (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of “Petru Maior” University of Tirgu Mures, Faculty of Engineering .-'() :BEADN:GHHIJ9:CIHJC>K:GH>I>:H I:8=CDAD<>86A EG68I>8:

 $" %$  C >CI:G:HI D; :9J86I>DC DC 9:K:ADE>C< H@>AAH ;DG ADC< A>;: A:6GC>C< 8DC9J8IH ID C:L 6G>H>C< >HHJ:H A>@: :BEADN67>A>IN 6C9 I=: GDA: D; JC>K:GH>IN 8JGG>8JA6 >C :ME6C9>C< HIJ9:CIH_ 86E68>IN ID A:6GC 34 /=: CDL696NH HIJ9:CIH_ :C<6<:B:CI>CA:8IJG:H H:B>C6GH 8DC8:EIJ6A@CDLA:9<:6C967HIG68IB6II:GH6G::9J86I>DC6AI>DC 34 ED>CIH DJII=6IID G6>H: I=:HIJ9:CIH_>CI:GE:GHDC6AH@>AAH>CI:G68I>DCH I=6I6G:HDK6AJ67A: ;DG :BEADN:GH 7:8DB: C:8:HH6GN $C 34 >H JC9:GA>C:9 I=6I `I=: :ME:G>:C8:H EGDK>9:9 >C EG68I>8: H:II>C
 DGG:HEDC9>C<6JI=DG /:A   ;6M   %#$()) ;:A>8>6 76C8>JJEI GD

2212-0173 © 2015 Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of “Petru Maior” University of Tirgu Mures, Faculty of Engineering doi:10.1016/j.protcy.2015.02.161

Felicia Veronica Banciu and Eugen Pămîntaş / Procedia Technology 19 (2015) 1130 – 1135

1131

LDG@EA68:H DG LDG@ H:II>C6A ;DG 9:K:ADE>C< I=: @CDLA:9<: G:FJ>G:9 ID :;;:8I>K:AN EG68I>8: D88JE6I>DCHa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

26A9DG; .8=DDA  .I:E 7N .I:E 68= D; I=: BD9:GC 6EEGD68=:H 8DCH>9:G I=6I :9J86I>DC H=DJA9 7: 696EI:9 ID I=: >C9>K>9J6AH E:GHDC6A E68:  I=: EHN8=DAD<>86A  H@>AAH  >C8A>C6I>DCH E6GI>8JA6G>I>:H 6C9  L=N CDI  ID I=: HIJ9:CIH 8DCK:C>:C8: 6C9 ?DN  (DG: :BEADN:GH 9:B6C9 DC I=:>G 86C9>96I:H_ :ME:G>:C8: B:6CH I>B: HE:CI L>I= EGD7A:BH 8DC8:GC>C<I=:?D76C9I=:>GHDAK>C< #DL86C6NDJC<HIJ9:CII=6I=6H?JHI;>C>H=:9I=:HIJ9NEGDBEGDK: I=>HG:FJ:HI#:G:>I>H67DJIID>BEGDK:I:8=C>86AH@>AAHI=GDJ<=EG68I>8:9JG>C<I=:HIJ9NEGD9: HIJ9:CIHEG68I>8: LDG@>HJHJ6AANEGDK>9:9>CI=:8JGG>8JAJB6H8DBEJAHDGN6C9BJHI7:8:GI>;>:97N 68FJ>G>C< 9>EADB6H  8:GI>;>86I:H  FJ6A>;>86I>DCH  8G:9>I ED>CIH  :I8  I=6I ;6AAH >C HIJ9:CI_H :9J86I>DC6A 768@8: 68I>K>I>:HJHJ6AANA6HIH7:IL::C6C9BDCI=HE:GN:6GD;HIJ9N6C9>CBDHI86H:H8DK:G>C<E:G>D9HEDDA:9 ;DG 6I A:6HI DC: BDCI=  /=: DG<6C>O6I>DC D; EG68I>8: 68I>K>I>:H @CDLH HDB: K6G>67>A>IN G:<6G9>C< 2=DH: G:HEDCH>7>A>IN >H I=: EG68I>8: 68I>K>IN2=D >H G:HEDCH>7A: ;DG EGDK>9>C< EG68I>8: H:GK>8:H ;DG HIJ9:CIH 2=D :K6AJ6I:H6C98:GI>;>:HI=:EG68I>8:G:HJAIH2=DEGDK>9:;>C6C8>6AHJEEDGI6C98DC9>I>DCH;DGC< >I D8JB:CIH I=6I 9:;>C: G:FJ>G:B:CIH ;DG I=: :;;>8>:CI 68I>K>I>:H :M:8JI>DC >C 6C D88JE6I>DC 6G: *88JE6I>DC6A .I6C96G9H 34 34 .I6C96G9HH:GK::MEA>8>II=:C::9ID:CHJG:I=:;JC8I>DC>C<D;68A:6GB:8=6C>HB;DG8DDE:G6I>DC 7:IL::C I=: IG6>C>C< EGDK>9:GH 6C9 I=: 68IJ6A ?D7 G:FJ>G:B:CIH  $CI:GC6I>DC6AAN  I=:G: >H 6 8DCI>CJDJHAN >C8G:6H>C< IG:C9 ID 69DEI HJ8= IDDAH 86E67A: D; <>K>C< 8A:6G  FJ6A>I6I>K: 7:C8=B6G@H 6C9 A>C@6<:  G:<6G9>C< I=: EGDE:G :BEADNB:CI D; 68I>K>I>:H HE:8>;>8 ID 6 LDG@EA68:  JC9:G 9>;;:G:CI C6B:H .@>AA .I6C96G9H .. *88JE6I>DC6A .I6C96G9HDBE:I:C8N.I6C96G9H :86JH: D;I=:ILDIG6>C>C<A:K:AHD;:C<>C::GH>CI=: JGDE:6C=><=:G:9J86I>DC 6G:6 @CDLC 6H I=: DADBH 9>HI>C8I G:HJAIH DC HIJ9N A:K:AH /:8=CDAD<>86A  9:H>C< H@>AAH 6I JC9:G:9G:H:6G8=6C9DE:G6I>DC6A B6HI:GA:K:A6C976H>8G:H:6G8= 6I9D8IDG6AH8=DDA +G>DG>I>:H>C9:;>C>C<:ME:8I:9G:HJAIH6G:G:FJ>G:9ID7:I6@:C>CID688DJCI 7:>C<6HHJB:96II=:A>IN HI>EJA6I:97N(>C>HI:GHDBBJC>FJQ>C'DC9DC..>C9J8:HHIG6I:<>8=DG>ODC

DCADC< I:GBI6@>C<>CID688DJCII=:EDHH>7>A>IND;E:GHDCC:AG:8GJ>IB:CIEDA>8NB:9>6I>DC7NEG68I>8:E6GIC:G 8DGG:A6I:9L>I=I=: 8DC8:GCD;;>C9>C<I=:BDHIHJ>I67A:LDG@EA68:7NI=:;JIJG:C<G:A:K6CIFJ6A>;>86I>DCH;DGI=:A67DGB6G@:II=GDJ<=7:II:G8DAA67DG6I>DC7:IL::CJC>K:GH>I>:HL>I= :BEADN::H >C 6HHJB:9I=:DBBJC>FJQ(>C>HI:GH>C':JK:C 'DJK6>CA6):JK: +G>DG>IN>C9J8:HI=: IG:6IB:CID;I:8=CDADCI:GCH=>EHL>I=9:H>8:6H>CI:C<D;I=:DCDCIDE>8H D;>CI:G:HIID:BEADN:GH :K:ADEB:CID;*88JE6I>DC6A.I6C96G9H>C -DB6C>6>HA;DG*88JE6I>DC6A .I6C96G9H6C9:GI>;>86I>DC 34 /=:@:N8DC8:EI>HI=6ID;8DBE:I:C8:6C9G:EG:H:CIHI=:67>A>INID6EEAN 8DB7>C:

1132

Felicia Veronica Banciu and Eugen Pămîntaş / Procedia Technology 19 (2015) 1130 – 1135

6C9IG6CH;:G@CDLA:9<:6C9H@>AAH>CK6G>DJHH>IJ6I>DCH6C9LDG@:CK>GDCB:CIHIDE:G;DGBI=:LDG@G:FJ>G:9IDLDG@ 6IHE:8>;>:9FJ6A>INA:K:AB:CI>DC:9>CI=:D88JE6I>DC6AHI6C96G9 )DGB6I>K: >HHJ:H G:8: IG6>C>C<  /=: >CI:GCH=>E_H >C 768=:ADG_H 9:K:GH>IN I:68=>C< EDH>I>DCH I=:EG68I>8:HJE:GK>HDGI:68=>C< 6C9EGD;:HH>DC6AGDA:H ^ EG68I>8:IJIDG ;DG:BEADN::H>C>CHI>IJI>DCH G:8:>K>C< HIJ9:CIH 6G: G:FJ>G:9 7N A6LH 34 6C9 34 +G68I>8: IG6>C>C< D; JC>K:GH>IN C6A>IN C6GGDL>C< I=: <6E 7:IL::C I=: ILD E:GHE:8I>K:H  I=: 6869:B>8 6C9 D88JE6I>DC6A AJ8G6I>K: 7:IL::C IG6>C>C< 6C9 :BEADNB:CI >CDG9:GID;68>A>I6I:CH:GI>DC6C9EGD;:HH>DC6A>CI:DC /=:E6GI>8JA6G>IND;I=:>CI:GCH=>E 6H;DGB6I>K:68I>K>IN>HI=6I>I>H9:H>O:96C9:K6AJ6I:97NI=:JC>K:GH>IN 7JI>I68IJ6AANE:G;DGBH>C6 G:6A7JH>C:HH:CK>GDCB:CI JCA>@:DI=:GIG6>C>C<68I>K>I>:HHJ8=6HI=:A67DG6IDGNDG6EEA>86I>DC ;JAAN>CI:8HE:8>6A>O:9>C:9J86I>DC6C9IG6>C>C< /=>HHE:8>;>8G:FJ>G:H8DCH>9:G6I>DCD;;:6IJG:H>CHI>IJI>DC6A;68IDGH JC>K:GH>I>:H 6C9 8DC8G:I: :8DCDB>8 DG<6C>O6I>DCH EG68I>8: E6GIC:G  !GDB I=: E:GHE:8I>K: D; GDA:H :C<6<:9 >C HJE:GK>HDGN 68I>K>IN 86C 7: 8DCH>9:G:9 I=6I I=:N 6G: JCJHJ6A ;>GHI  7:86JH: I=: HIJ9:CI GDA: >H G:A6I>K: L:6@AN ;DGB6AAN9:;>C:9 6C9H:8DC9AN I=:I:68=:GHGDA:>HH=6G:97:IL::CI=:I:68=:GEG68I>8:HJE:GK>HDG6C9I=:EG68I>8: IJIDGI=: ?D7=DA9:G L=:G:I=:HIJ9:CIL>AA7:6AAD86I:9 $C6HIJ9N8DC9J8I:9 34 >I>HG:K:6A:9I=6II=:HNHI:B>H 8DCH>9:G:9CD;I=:G:8GJ>I:GH D;:BEADN:GH6C9D;HIJ9:CIH6C9 8: :ME:G>:C8: >H G:FJ>G:9 6C9 HDB:I>B:H >C8G>B>C6I:9  6AA JC>K:GH>I>:H 8JHIDB:GH B6>CAN I:8=C>86A =6H7:8DB:6HJ7?:8ID;I=:6GI>8A:>IH:A;6C9I=:C>H6C6ANO>C<I=:HI6@:=DA9:GHG:FJ>G:B:CIH>CI=: :9J86I>DC EGD8:HH  ;>C9>C< I=: BDHI E6>C;JA ;6>AJG: I=: >HHJ6C8: D; 9>B>C>H=>C< HDAJI>DCH 6C9 :G69>86I>DC D; 9>H8DCI:CI L=>A::BE=6H>HI=DH:A:69>C<ID>BEGDK>C<I=:FJ6A>IND;EG68I>8:>CJC>K:GH>I>:H C6ANO: >H9DC:;DAADL>C<I=:9D8JB:CI:9HI6I>HI>8H B6I:G>6AH6C96JI=DG_HDLC:ME:G>:C8: $CDG9:GID9:K:ADE I=:6>BHHI6I:9>CE6E:G_H67HIG68IL:G:>CK:CIDG>:96C9JH:96H:G>:HD;LDG@H G:EDGIH6C96AHDI=:6JI=DGHE:GHDC6A :ME:G>:C8: >C =><=:G :9J86I>DC 6H I:68=:GH  6H EGD;:HH>DC6A EG68I>8: G:HEDCH>7A: 6C9 I=:>G E6GI>8>E6I>DC >C #- +*.-0 EGD?:8IH G:<6G9>C< I=: EGD;:HH>DC6A EG68I>8: 9:K:ADEB:CI 6C9 9>968I>8 D; I:68=>C< I:8=C>86A 9>H8>EA>C:H  $ ! ("#  ! '""%$"#$ 8DCDB>8DG<6C>O6I>DC>H;D8JH:9DC:BEADNB:CI I=:EGDK>H>DCD;=JB6CG:HDJG8:H688DG9>C<IDHE:8>;>8C::9H DGEGD9J8I>DC9:H>8:H>CHE:8>;>8EDH>I>DCH ;JC8I>DCH6C9?D7H9:H8G>7:9>C>CI:GC6A9D8JB:CIH B69:6II=: DG<6C>O6I>DCA:K:A > : ?D79:H8G>EI>DC /=:68I>K>IN8=6G68I:G>HI>8H I=::BEADN:G6K6>A67A:I:8=CDAD8 HI6C96G9H CDII=:HIJ9NEGDK:H 9:I:GB>C:I=:?D7=>G>C<G:FJ>G:B:CIH (D9:GC I=:DG>:H 67DJI I=: EGD9J8I>DC D; C:L @CDLA:9<: IG:6IH AJ8G6I>K: DG<6C>O6I>DCH >C I=:>G IJGC ID 7: C:L _EG68 ;D8JH:9DCEGD7A:BHDAK>C< HIGDC<HD8>6AAN:C<6<:9_@CDLA:9<:HDJG8:H 34 /=::CI>I>:H>CFJ:HI>DC =6K: 8DBBDC >CI:G:HIH_ 6G:6H D; K6GN>C< H>O:H 6C9 >C 9NC6B>8 68I>K>IN  DBBDC 6G:6H H>O: <>K:H I=: ;JC8I>DC6A :MI:CI 8DCH>HI:CI D; :8DCDB>8 6C9 6869:B>8  L>I= D7K>DJH EHN8=DAD<>86A 6C9 HD8>6A >BEA>86I>DCH  +HN8=>86AAN >H >CKDAK:9BDI>K6I>DC6A6;;:8I>K:E:GHDC6A>IN9>B:CH>DC ;GDB76H>8H:8JG>IN >CH:8JG>INHI6I:HI=:BDHIHDE=>HI>86I:9 HI6I:D;H:A; :HI::B :BEADN67>A>IN6C9HD8>6A>BEA>86I>DCHI6G<:I>C<E:GHDC6A:;;:8I>K:C:HH>CIDI=:LDG@>C<A>;: $C I:GBHD;I=:9NC6B>8HD;;JC8I>DC6A8DBE6I>7>A>IN I=:G:>H68DCI>CJ>C<G>H@D;9:8A>C:9J:ID9>;;:G:CIH:CH>I>K>INID 8=6C<:H >C HD8>D :8DCDB>8 :CK>GDCB:CI 6869:B>8 :CK>GDCB:CI =6K: 6 HIGDC<:G I:C9:C8N ID 8DCH:GK: IG69>I>DC6A K6AJ:HI=6C:8DCDB>8 :CK>GDCB:CI $CI=>H<:C:G6A8DCI:MID;9NC6B>8K6AJ:H I=:9>;;:G:C8:7:IL::CI=:ILDIG:6IB:CI:C<>C::G>C<E:GHE:8I>K: I=6I D;I=:IG6>C:G I=:JC>K:GH>IN 6C9I=:JH:G I=::BEADN:G >H:K>9:CI;GDBI=:8DBE6G>HDCD;I=:9D8JB:CI#><=:G 9J86I>DC ,J6A>;>86I>DCH -:<>HI:G )DB:C8A6IJG: D; !>:A9H 6C9 .E:8>6A>O6I>DCH 34 6C9 *88JE6I>DCH A6HH>;>86I>DC>C-DB6C>6 34 JE96I:96CCJ6AAN>C8AJ9>C<I=:D88JE6I>DCH9:;>C:9>CI=:HD8>D :8DCDB>8AJ8G6I>K: G:HJAI>C<;GDBI=:68IJ6AC::9HD;:BEADN:GH 34 +J7A>H=:9 >C>C C<>C::G>C< .8>:C8:H9:;>C:H6G:6HD; IG6>C>C<6C9HE:8>6A>O6I>DCH 869:B>8HE:8>6A>O6I>DCHC6B:HG:;:GDCANIDI=:;>:A9D;HIJ9N CDII=:G:A:K6CI;JC8I>DCDG;JC8I>DCH;DGL=>8= I=: HIJ9N EGD:H  DCH:FJ:C8: D; I=>H >H I=6I :BEADN:GH 6G: >CI:G:HI:9 >C G:8GJ>I>C< E:DEA: L>I= ;JC8I>DC6A :ME:G>:C8:  L=>8= 9>H69K6CI6<:H ?JC>DG :C<>C::GH  K:C >CI:GCH=>E B:8=6C>HB >H G6G:AN JH:9  >C -DB6C>6  DCAN  D; :BEADN:GH HI6I:9 I=6I 8DBE6CN JH:H >I  /=: 6EEGDM>B6I:AN   :BEADN:GH_ G:HEDC9:CIH_ DE>C>DC ID FJ:HI>DCC6>G:H 67DJI I=: 68IDG L=D 7:6G I=: B6>C G:HEDCH>7>A>IN ;DG I=: C< D; 6AA

Felicia Veronica Banciu and Eugen Pămîntaş / Procedia Technology 19 (2015) 1130 – 1135

1133

@CDLA:9<: H@>AAH6C98DBE:I:C8>:HC:8:HH6GNIDB::II=:G:FJ>G:B:CIH;DG688:HH>DCIDI=:>G96I676H: G:HE:8I>K:AN HJ<<:HI>K: LDG@ >H H=DLC >C !><   6 *CAN  D; :BEADN:GH 7:A>:K: I=6I >I >H I=:>G G:HEDCH>7>A>IN 6C9 I=:>G HJ<<:HI>DCH ;DG >BEGDK>C< I=: HNHI:B 6G: :HH:CI>6AAN G:A6I:9 ID B6CN HE:8>6A>O6I>DCH  >I LDJA9 7: EG:;:G67A: ;DG 6A>O:9 ;DG 6 HE:8>;>8 ?D7 D CDI 8DBB:CI I=6I I=:G: >H CD >C8DCH>HI:C8N 7:IL::C I=: G:FJ>G:B:CIH6C9I=6II=:N6G:CDIK>67A:>C6K:GN9NC6B>8A67DGB6G@:I>CI>B:6C9HE68: #DL:K:G >I>H@CDLCI=6IHDB:HE:8>6A>O6I>DCH6G:CDIG:FJ>G:96I6AA I=6IDI=:GH9DCDI:M>HI 6C9I=6IDK:G D;6A>O6I>DCDC /=>H>H7:86JH::BEADN:GH6G:BDG:>CI:G:HI:9>CI=: AAH 6C9 EG68I>8: :ME:G>:C8: I=6C I=: A:K:A D; :9J86I>DC 768=:ADG DG B6HI:G  K:GH>IN HE:8>6A>O6I>DC DG EG:HI><: /=:  G:8GJ>I:GH E>C>DC DC I=: 68IDG L=D 7:6G I=: B6>C G:HEDCH>7>A>IN ;DG I=6I I=: AAH6C98DBE:I:C8>:HC:8:HH6GNIDB::II=:G:FJ>G:B:CIH;DG688:HH>DCIDI=:>G 96I676H:>HH=DLC86AAN>C!>< 7

 

  

 

 

 

 

67 !><   6/=:-:HEDCH>7>A>IND;/G6>C>C<DCH>HI:CIL>I=!JIJG:%D788DG9>C< BEADN:GH 7 /=: -:HEDCH>7>A>IND;/G6>C>C<DCH>HI:CIL>I= !JIJG:%D788DG9>C<ID(6CEDL:G-:8GJ>I:GH 6;I:G 34

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

:ME:G>:C8:G:FJ>G:9>C=>G>C< 6G:9>;;:G:CI D;I=:H6BEA:D;9:GHI=6II=:N<6>C:9H@>AAH D;LDG@HDAK>C<I6H@H6ILDG@ 34 D;9I=:N=69A:6GC:9I=:8G6;I6ILDG@G6I=:GI=6C6I JC>K:GH>IN 34 JH:;JAC:HHD;>CI:GCH=>EH>H8DC;>GB:9DCAN7ND;G:HEDC9:CIH 34DCAND;I=:C:8:HH6GN EG68I>8: @CDLA:9<: EGD;:HH>DC =6H 7::C 68FJ>G:9 7N 0C>K:GH>IN :C<>C::G>C< H8>:C8:H CAN

G:<6G9A:HHD;9>;;:G:CIG:EG:H:CI6I>DCHD;CI:GBHD;8DBE:I:C8:H6C9H@>AAHA:6GC:9>CJC>K:GH>INIDI=DH: G:FJ>G:9>CLDG@ I=:N6HH:HH6K:GH>I>:H  $"#$&"#$# /=: 8DC8:EI D; IG6>C>C< K:GH>IN  /G69>I>DC6AAN =><=:G I:8=C>86A :9J86I>DC6A >CHI>IJI>DCH ;DGB :C<>C::GH  I:8=C>86A 9:H>:H ;DG >C9JHIG>6A 68I>K>I>:H  $C I=>H 86H:  9:;>C:9 7N I=: CDGB6I>K: HI>AA :;;:8I>K:6C9#><=:G 9J86I>DC'6L 34 6C9I=:#><=:G 9J86I>DC,J6A>INHHJG6C8:'6L 34 I=:;68JAI>:HH=6AA 9:K:ADEIG6>C>C<8JGG>8JA6;DG:C<>C::GH6I6<:C:G6AA:K:A 6I;>:A9H6C9HE:8>6A>O6I>DCH 6C96I768=:ADG6C9B6HI:G 9:H G:<6G9  I=: JC>K:GH>IN >H 6 JC>FJ: BD9:A D; 7JH>C:HH DG 8DGEDG6I>DC  $CKDAK:H 6 8:GI6>C L6N D; EG:;:G:CI>6A8DAA67DG6I>DC>CG:H:6G8=6C9=6K:6C:;;:8I>K:A:<>HA6I>K:7D9N 6A:HH:;;>8>:CI69B>C>HIG6I>K:;DGJB6C9 DC: K>GIJ6AAN ?J9>8>6A >C:;;:8I>K: ;DGJB  $C 6869:B>6 I=: CDI>DC D; EG68I>8: >H JH:9 6H 6C D7H:GK6I>DC  6HH>HI6C8:

1134

Felicia Veronica Banciu and Eugen Pămîntaş / Procedia Technology 19 (2015) 1130 – 1135

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

8DC;:GG:97NA6LDC EG68I>8:H8=DDA6C9JC>K:GH>INHIJ9:CIH 34 #DL:K:G 68IJ6A9:EADNB:CID;HJ8=6C68I>K>IN>H HI>AA H86G8: >C B6CN D; >IH E6GIH  C:MI 6G: A>HI:9 HDB: 6HE:8IH 8DCH>9:G:9 6H K:GN >BEDGI6CI  A>@: EG68I>8: 6H :9J86I>DC6A9>H8>EA>C:>HCDI;DJC9>C6AAJC9:G8DG G:H:6G8=JC>IH=6K:CDD7A><6I>DC;DGI=:EJGEDH:HD;;68>A>I6I>C<HIJ9:CIHEG68I>8: 68I>K>IN7JICD;68>A>I>:H;GDBI=: C<DJIHJ8=68I>K>I>:HEG68I>8:EGDID8DAH8DC8AJ9:9L>I=I=:JC>IH6G:>C6;DGB6ADGCDC ;JC8I>DC6AEGDEDGI>DC7:86JH: 6AAD86I:9;>C6C8>C<;DGEG68I>8:E:GHIJ9:CI>HADHI>CI=:IDI6A6BDJCI6AAD86I:9E:G HIJ9:CI  $ %" &$ %$ (#$ +GDCDJC8:9 9:K:ADEB:CI D; I=: I:8=C>FJ: 6C9 I:8=CDADCK:CI>DCH  >CCDK6I>DCH  I:A:8DBBJC>86I>DCH 7DDB

I=:JH:D;I:8=CDADC:K:GN96NA>;:G:FJ>G:H8DCHI6CI696EI6I>DCD;I=:JC>K:GH>INIDI=:A67DGB6G@:I9:B6C9 6I I=:H6B:I>B: >IBJHI:CHJG:IG6>C>C<76H:H;DGC:LHD88JGG>C< >CI=:;>:A9I=6I;JIJG:8@AN 6C9;A:M>7AN $CI:G9>H8>EA>C6GN6C9IG6CH 9>H8>EA>C6GN6EEGD68=>H6EG:G:FJ>H>I: +DHH>7A:B:6HJG:HIDG:9J8:I=:<6E 7:IL::C I=: G:HJAIH EGD9J8:9 7N I=: HIJ9N EGDDCH G:FJ>G:B:CIH 76H:9 DC 9D8JB:CIH HIJ9>:H 9>EADB66G: BJAI>EA:7JI =DL:K:GEG68I>8: IG6>C>C<>C=:G:CIIDJC>K:GH>INEGD;:HH>DC6AHIJ9NEGDDC6A>O6I>DC EGDH 6C 688:HH>7A: L6N 6C9 :K:C B6C96IDGN >C 6 G:HEDCH>7A: 6EEGD68= D; IG6>C>C< HE:8>6A>HIH L>I= =><=:G :9J86I>DC +G68I>8: >H EG:G:FJ>H>I: ID IG6CH;DGB @CDLA:9<: 6C9 H@>AA >C 8DBE:I:C8>:H $CHI>IJI>DC6AE6GIC:GHL=D6G:68IJ6AAN7:C:;>8>6G>:HD;I=:B6G@:I 8DBE6C>:HI=6I=>G:BEDH: I=: 8JGG>8JA6  /=:G:;DG:  EG68I>8: EGDHI:CI L>I= I=DH: G:FJ>G:9 7N I=: DBE6C>:H =:AE>C< ID G:8GJ>I ;JIJG: :BEADN::H DG 7N HIJ9:CIH >C DG9:G ID 9>H8:GC 7:IL::C 9>;;:G:CI INE:H D; ?D7H DG EDH>I>DCH C<>C::G>C<EG68I>8:I=JH7:8DB:HCDI?JHI6L6NID8=:8@6C96EEA>86I>DC D; @CDLA:9<: >I>H6HIJ9:CIH>CI:GC6A H:6G8=:C<>C: L=D <>K:HI=:B I=:DEEDGIJC>INID B6@: 6C>C;DGB:98=D>8: 6II=::C9D;6869:B>8EG:E6G6I>DC /=>H >HL=N>HCDLI=:I>B:;DG>BEDH>C<C:L?D7H>C=><=:G:9J86I>DC I=:?D7HD;EG68I>8:HJE:GK>HDGDG B:CIDGDGIJIDG EG68I>8: 6C9 I=:N L>AA ;>C9 I=:BH:AK:H E:GB6C:CIAN 6H 6 7J;;:G 7:IL::C I=: JC>K:GH>IN  HIJ9:CI 6C9 HI6@:=DA9:G

Felicia Veronica Banciu and Eugen Pămîntaş / Procedia Technology 19 (2015) 1130 – 1135

1135

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

EG68I>8:6H:9J86I>DC6A9>H8>EA>C:>HCDI;DJC9>C6AAJC9:G
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

%6CJ6GN =IIE

9M 9D> DG<   ? 8DBE:9J      34 "JC6H:@6G6C (8):>A-6C9.=6JA   A:6GC>C<G:H:6G8=6C96EEA>86I>DCH $C9JHIG>6A6C9DBB:G8>6A/G6>C>C< $..) *$    E ^ 34 >AA:II . ':6GC>C<I=GDJ<=+G68I>8:>C +GD;:HH>DC6A6C9+G68I>8: 76H:9':6GC>C< 1DAJB: E    34 (>=6GI:H8J ):EH;DGI=:.IJ9:CIH>C+GD8::9>CDC6ADC;:G:C8: ;;>8>:C8N6C9-:HEDCH>7>A>IN>C 9J86I>DC I= I=?JC:+G68 :9>IDGH(>A6C#DJ]@6 $C!AQ
E   34 +:G@>CH% -:K>:LD; C<>C::G>C<.@>AAH -DN6A869:BND; C<>C::G>C< 3*CA>C:4

K6>A67A: =IIE

LLL G6:C< DG< J@ EJ7A>86I>DCH DI=:G E:G@>CH G:K>:L D; :C<>C::G>C< H@>AAH 3 %JC: 4 34 *.*88JE6I>DC6A.I6C96G9H)6I>DC6AJI=DG>IN;DG,J6A>;>86I>DCH 3*CA>C:4 K6>A67A: =IIE

LLL 6C8 :9J GD 3!:74 34 *;;>8>6A%DJGC6AD;I=: JGDE:6C0C>DC /=: JGDE:6C,J6A>;>86I>DCH!G6B:LDG@;DG'>;:ADC<':6GC>C< ,! CC:M$$  

3*CA>C:4 K6>A67A: =IIE

:JG A:M :JGDE6 :J 3%6C4 34 *. '6LG:<6G9>C<I=:6EEGDK6AD;:HI67A>H=B:CI DJC8>A;DG*88JE6I>DC6A.I6C96G9H6C9:GI>;>86I>DC )JB7:G   34 '*. /=:'6LDC*G<6C>O6I>DCD;869:B>8.IJ9>:H )JB7:G   34 ,# ,J6A>INHHJG6C8:>C#><=:G 9J86I>DC'6L 8I  *(   34 1D>8J /J;>[  1D>8J( :I6A -:8:CI"G69J6I:HD;#><=:G 9J86I>DC6C9I=:>G$CI:DCDC'67DG(6G@:I G:EDGI>C`:K:ADE>C<6 )6I>DC6A,J6A>;>86I>DCH.NHI:B>C-DB6C>6C#><=:G 9J86I>DCa *$.+*.-0EGD?:8I  9>I:97N)6I>DC6AJI=DG>IN;DG,J6A>;>86I>DCH 9>IDG  E    34 >DA6C' $CI:C< +DA>GDB+J7A>H=>C<#DJH:  34 !>:A9H6C9.E:8>6A>O6I>DCH)DB:C8A6IJG: *(  %JAN  34 *- *88JE6I>DCHA6HH>;>86I>DC>C-DB6C>6 3*CA>C:4 K6>A67A: =IIE

LLL GJ7>C>6C 8DB 8DG55
 34 )6I>DC6A 9J86I>DC'6L )JB7:G   34 6G8:6( /=:0C>K:GH>I6GN+G68I>8:>C6+HN8=D +:9686A#DG>ODC BD9JA:8DJGH:>C+*.-0    .  .E:8>6A>O6I>DCD; /:68=>C<.I6;;;DGI=:+DHID;/:8=CDAD<>86A6C9-:H:6G8=+G68I>8:.JE:GK>HDG  34 '6LDC +G68I>8:.8=DDA6C90C>K:GH>IN.IJ9:CIH )JB7:G