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Therapeutic effects of FRB on diet-induced metabolic disorders in rats
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Abstracts / Chemistry and Physics of Lipids 160S (2009) S45–S48
PO 74 Therapeutic effects of fenugreek seeds and their active components on diet-induced metabolic disorders in rats—Part 2 Naoko Atsumi ∗ , Etsuko Muraki, Yasuyuki Oshima, Yuuichi Asaka, Nobuyo Tsunoda, Hiroshige Chiba, Keizo Kasono Department of Clinical Dietetics & Human Nutrition Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Saitama, Japan We have previously reported the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) seeds on dietinduced metabolic disorders in rats. And in part 1 of this study, we showed the effects of the active components of fenugreek seeds (galactmannan, diosgenin, 4-hydroxyisoleucine and trigonelline) on diet-induced metabolic disorders. Rats fed with diets containing the active components of fenugreek seeds showed lower plasma and hepatic lipid levels and lower fasting plasma glucose than that of rats fed with HFS diets. However, these active components showed different effects on plasma insulin levels between these groups. The purpose of part 2 of this study was to examine the effects of dietary fenugreek seeds and their active components on genes’ expressions involved in lipid and glucose metabolisms in diet-induced metabolic disorders in rats. Diets used in this study were the high-fat high-sucrose (HFS) diet based on the modified version of the AIN-93G containing fenugreek seeds (FS diet) or their active components, and rats were fed with these diets for 12 weeks. Rats fed with diets containing the active components of fenugreek seeds showed lower soleus weight than that of rats fed with HFS and FS diets. However, rats fed with diets containing the active components of fenugreek seeds showed higher mRNA level of GLUT4 in soleus than that of rats fed with HFS and FS diets. Especially, rats fed with diets containing 4-hydroxyisoleucine showed four-fold higher mRNA level of GLUT4 in soleus than that of rats fed with HFS diet. doi:10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2009.06.081 PO 75 Therapeutic effects of FRB on diet-induced metabolic disorders in rats Akiko Takumi 1,∗ , Etsuko Muraki 2 , Yasuyuki Oshima 2 , Yuki Nakano 3 , Junji Shono 3 , Shohei Hoshino 3 , Nobuaki Tsuge 3 , Toshihiko Narukami 3 , Nobuyo Tsunoda 2 , Hiroshige Chiba 2 , Keizo Kasono 2 1 Josai University, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saitama, Japan 2 Josai University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saitama, Japan 3 House Foods Corporation, Somatech Center, Chiba, Japan
We have previously reported that hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) seeds on diet-induced metabolic disorders in rats. However, because fenugreek seeds have bitter taste, we cannot eat a lot. The purpose of this study was to examine the preventive efficacy of FRB, fenugreek with reduced main bitterness by enzyme-treatment, on diet-induced metabolic disorders in rats. Diets used in this study was the high-fat high-sucrose (HFS) diet based on the modified version of the AIN-93G, HFS diet containing fenugreek seeds (FS diet) or containing FRB (FRB diet). Rats fed with FRB diet for 12 weeks showed lower weights of body, liver and white adipose tissue and lower plasma and hepatic lipid levels and higher fecal lipid than that of rats fed with HFS and FS diet. On the other hand, the rats fed with FRB diet showed lower plasma glucose and insulin levels than that of rats fed with HFS and FS diet. Therefore, FRB might improve insulin sensitivity in rats, and the
effects were supported by the decreased homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1) levels and the increased high-molecular-weight adiponectin (HMW-adiponectin) level in rats fed with FRB diet. These results suggest that FRB increased insulin sensitivity at least partly by improvement of glucose and lipid metabolic disorders in the plasma and the liver. These effects of FRB on the metabolic disorders might be caused by lower molecular weight components in FRB. doi:10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2009.06.082 PO 76 Glucose and lipid metabolism is regulated by not only polyunsaturated fatty acids but also other components in fish oil Sachiko Shiba 1,∗ , Nobuyo Tsunoda 1 , Etsuko Muraki 1 , Phyllis S.Y. Tam 2 , Mariko Sonoda 2 , Yoko Fujiwara 2 , Shinji Ikemoto 2 , Keizo Kasono 1 1
Department of Clinical Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Saitama, Japan 2 Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Human Life and Environmental Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan Fish oil contains various fatty acids, antioxidants such as L-ascorbic acid and delta-tocopherol, and other components. Therefore, we investigated to clarify the components in fish oil bringing the improvement of glucose and lipid metabolism. C57BL/6J mice divided into four groups were fed each diet (40% energy) for 11 week; (1) fish oil diet containing antioxidants (FO), (2) extensively hydrogenated fish oil diet (HFO) excluded unsaturated fatty acids, (3) fish oil diet containing low amount of antioxidants (LFO), (4) soybean oil diet (SBO) as a control. Body weight was significantly decreased in HFO, FO and LFO groups compared with that in SBO group. In HFO group, triglyceride (TG) levels were significantly increased in liver and significantly decreased in plasma among four groups. Blood glucose levels in oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were not different among four groups. In fatty acid composition in liver and white adipose tissue (WAT) of HFO group, C16:1/16:0 and C18:1/18:0 were significantly increased in all groups with up-regulation of SCD1 mRNA. Although C16:1/18:1 in liver of HFO group were similar to that in FO and LFO groups, this ratio and Elovl6 mRNA in WAT of HFO group were increased among four groups. These results suggest that unsaturated fatty acids in fish oil may normalize lipid metabolism, and the other components except unsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants may suppress body weight gain. Furthermore, synthesized C16:1 by SCD1 and Elovl6 in WAT might contribute to maintain glucose tolerance in spite of TG accumulation in liver of HFO group. doi:10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2009.06.083 PO 77 Participation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) in glucose and lipid metabolism under fish oil diet Masaki Kasono
Wakutsu ∗ , Nobuyo
Tsunoda, Etsuko
Muraki, Keizou
Department of Clinical Dietetics & Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Josai University, Saitama, Japan It is known that fish oil improves lifestyle-related diseases like diabetes and hyperlipidemia via activation of PPARs by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids contained in fish oil. However, it is not understood how PPARs participate under fish oil diet. Therefore,
Abstracts / Chemistry and Physics of Lipids 160S (2009) S45–S48
PO 74 Therapeutic effects of fenugreek seeds and their active components on diet-induced metabolic disorders in rats—Part 2 Naoko Atsumi ∗ , Etsuko Muraki, Yasuyuki Oshima, Yuuichi Asaka, Nobuyo Tsunoda, Hiroshige Chiba, Keizo Kasono Department of Clinical Dietetics & Human Nutrition Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Saitama, Japan We have previously reported the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) seeds on dietinduced metabolic disorders in rats. And in part 1 of this study, we showed the effects of the active components of fenugreek seeds (galactmannan, diosgenin, 4-hydroxyisoleucine and trigonelline) on diet-induced metabolic disorders. Rats fed with diets containing the active components of fenugreek seeds showed lower plasma and hepatic lipid levels and lower fasting plasma glucose than that of rats fed with HFS diets. However, these active components showed different effects on plasma insulin levels between these groups. The purpose of part 2 of this study was to examine the effects of dietary fenugreek seeds and their active components on genes’ expressions involved in lipid and glucose metabolisms in diet-induced metabolic disorders in rats. Diets used in this study were the high-fat high-sucrose (HFS) diet based on the modified version of the AIN-93G containing fenugreek seeds (FS diet) or their active components, and rats were fed with these diets for 12 weeks. Rats fed with diets containing the active components of fenugreek seeds showed lower soleus weight than that of rats fed with HFS and FS diets. However, rats fed with diets containing the active components of fenugreek seeds showed higher mRNA level of GLUT4 in soleus than that of rats fed with HFS and FS diets. Especially, rats fed with diets containing 4-hydroxyisoleucine showed four-fold higher mRNA level of GLUT4 in soleus than that of rats fed with HFS diet. doi:10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2009.06.081 PO 75 Therapeutic effects of FRB on diet-induced metabolic disorders in rats Akiko Takumi 1,∗ , Etsuko Muraki 2 , Yasuyuki Oshima 2 , Yuki Nakano 3 , Junji Shono 3 , Shohei Hoshino 3 , Nobuaki Tsuge 3 , Toshihiko Narukami 3 , Nobuyo Tsunoda 2 , Hiroshige Chiba 2 , Keizo Kasono 2 1 Josai University, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saitama, Japan 2 Josai University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saitama, Japan 3 House Foods Corporation, Somatech Center, Chiba, Japan
We have previously reported that hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) seeds on diet-induced metabolic disorders in rats. However, because fenugreek seeds have bitter taste, we cannot eat a lot. The purpose of this study was to examine the preventive efficacy of FRB, fenugreek with reduced main bitterness by enzyme-treatment, on diet-induced metabolic disorders in rats. Diets used in this study was the high-fat high-sucrose (HFS) diet based on the modified version of the AIN-93G, HFS diet containing fenugreek seeds (FS diet) or containing FRB (FRB diet). Rats fed with FRB diet for 12 weeks showed lower weights of body, liver and white adipose tissue and lower plasma and hepatic lipid levels and higher fecal lipid than that of rats fed with HFS and FS diet. On the other hand, the rats fed with FRB diet showed lower plasma glucose and insulin levels than that of rats fed with HFS and FS diet. Therefore, FRB might improve insulin sensitivity in rats, and the
effects were supported by the decreased homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1) levels and the increased high-molecular-weight adiponectin (HMW-adiponectin) level in rats fed with FRB diet. These results suggest that FRB increased insulin sensitivity at least partly by improvement of glucose and lipid metabolic disorders in the plasma and the liver. These effects of FRB on the metabolic disorders might be caused by lower molecular weight components in FRB. doi:10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2009.06.082 PO 76 Glucose and lipid metabolism is regulated by not only polyunsaturated fatty acids but also other components in fish oil Sachiko Shiba 1,∗ , Nobuyo Tsunoda 1 , Etsuko Muraki 1 , Phyllis S.Y. Tam 2 , Mariko Sonoda 2 , Yoko Fujiwara 2 , Shinji Ikemoto 2 , Keizo Kasono 1 1
Department of Clinical Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Saitama, Japan 2 Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Human Life and Environmental Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan Fish oil contains various fatty acids, antioxidants such as L-ascorbic acid and delta-tocopherol, and other components. Therefore, we investigated to clarify the components in fish oil bringing the improvement of glucose and lipid metabolism. C57BL/6J mice divided into four groups were fed each diet (40% energy) for 11 week; (1) fish oil diet containing antioxidants (FO), (2) extensively hydrogenated fish oil diet (HFO) excluded unsaturated fatty acids, (3) fish oil diet containing low amount of antioxidants (LFO), (4) soybean oil diet (SBO) as a control. Body weight was significantly decreased in HFO, FO and LFO groups compared with that in SBO group. In HFO group, triglyceride (TG) levels were significantly increased in liver and significantly decreased in plasma among four groups. Blood glucose levels in oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were not different among four groups. In fatty acid composition in liver and white adipose tissue (WAT) of HFO group, C16:1/16:0 and C18:1/18:0 were significantly increased in all groups with up-regulation of SCD1 mRNA. Although C16:1/18:1 in liver of HFO group were similar to that in FO and LFO groups, this ratio and Elovl6 mRNA in WAT of HFO group were increased among four groups. These results suggest that unsaturated fatty acids in fish oil may normalize lipid metabolism, and the other components except unsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants may suppress body weight gain. Furthermore, synthesized C16:1 by SCD1 and Elovl6 in WAT might contribute to maintain glucose tolerance in spite of TG accumulation in liver of HFO group. doi:10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2009.06.083 PO 77 Participation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) in glucose and lipid metabolism under fish oil diet Masaki Kasono
Wakutsu ∗ , Nobuyo
Tsunoda, Etsuko
Muraki, Keizou
Department of Clinical Dietetics & Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Josai University, Saitama, Japan It is known that fish oil improves lifestyle-related diseases like diabetes and hyperlipidemia via activation of PPARs by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids contained in fish oil. However, it is not understood how PPARs participate under fish oil diet. Therefore,