- Email: [email protected]
Tissue culture of Pak-Bung
Abstracts of the Articles Printed in Hakkokogaku Kaishi
Vol. 65, 19871
247
of the Articles Printed in Hakkokogaku Kaishi
Abstracts
Vol. 65, No. 2 (1987) The Characterization
of Growth of Pae udamonas
under High Dissolved
oeruglmoaa
centration. SEICOSATO,LEE HANG Woo, SUI~KUNI M~XATAU, and JoJr T AKAHASHI(Znstitufeof Applied Biochemistry,
University
of
chain length.
Oxygen Con-
TJukuba,
Sakura-mura,
Niihari-gun, Zbaraki 305, Japan) Hakkokogaku 65: 109-112. 1987. The characterization of growth of Pseudomonas aaruginosa under high dissolved oxygen (DO) con-
The Quality of Aroma Components in Fermented Awamd
Mash by Awmue-i Yeasts Isolated in -NoteHI~AYUU NAKATA, MAURU 19804981. HOSAU, HIROSHI SAMH, KATASHI HIROS&, and TAKASHI SAKAI (Department
centration was investigated. The decrease of cellular yield under high DO concentration was not due to autolysis
of cells.
The generation
of carbon
per unit cell mass and the cellular creased
with decreasing
cellular
dioxide
maintenance
yield.
in-
It was con-
cluded that the amount of glucose which was oxidized
of Brewing
and Fer-
mentation, Tokyo Unirersi~ of Agriculture, 1-l-l Sakaragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156, Jam) Hakkokogaku 65: 121-126. 1987. Aroma components in awamori mash were quantified with gas chromatography. The iso-butyl alcohol in fermented awamori mash by awamori ye&s isolated in 1980-1981 was produced at higher concentrations than by other industrial yeasts. Therefore, the A/B (iso-amyl alcohol/iso-butyl
alcohol) ratio was less than
to carbon dioxide and water increased for increased cellular maintenance under high DO concentration, therefore, the cellular yield decreased.
alcohol produced more than 15.9%
Microbial
the aruamosi mash. These aroma components were characteristics of aroarnori yeasts isolated in 1988-1981.
Treatment
of Crude Oil on the Sea
1.99.
These
yeasts forming
high
concentrations
of
of the alcohol in
Surface Using Nutrient Microcapsules. AKIHIKO MURAKAMI, HIROSHI OKUMURA, SHINZO OYI, Characteristic Behavior of the Respiration Pause Axrro YAMANE, and TAICAHU(OSUGUIA~A (Deof Erwinia carotovora. -NoteSATOSHI Fuxupartment of Chemical Engineering, Facula of Eigineering, OKA and YOSHINARI KOBAYASHI (Government Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Industrial Research Institute, Shikoku Z-3-3, HananoNakamachi, Koganei 184, Japan) Hakkokogaku 65: 113-120. 1987. Pseudomonas sp. treatment of crude oil film spread over the sea surface was better with the sustained supply of encapsulated nutrient salts. Four crude oils, Arabian light, Berri, Murban, and Khafji, were investigated. was improved
The percentage to 4558%
of removal of crude oil
by the microcapsules
com-
pared with 12-19% with no microcapsules. The total dosage required was 12% of crude oil with the lapse of seven days between supplies.
the successive
Samples of crude oil were fractionated into saturated, aromatics, asphaltcne, and column residue fractions
to investigate
the effectiveness
of microbial
decomposition
by column chromatography. Activated The saturated alumina was used as a packing reagent. fraction was most decomposed, followed by the aromatics, however, the asphaltene and column residue n-A&arms among the were only sparsely decomposed. saturated fraction were distributed from 14 to 32 carbon atoms, and decomposition
was not dependent
miya-cho, Takamatsu 65: 127-130. 1987. Erzuinia carotovora GIR
761,
Japan)
Hakkokogaku
1044 (FERM
P-7576)
found to show characteristic respiration during cultivation. The bacterium was
was
behavior cultivated
in a jar-fermentor on basal medium using pectin as the carbon source, and the DO course of the culture solution traced. About nine hours after inoculation the DO increased rapidly for a few minutes; this was caused by a respiration likely related medium. Tissue
pause.
This
phenomenon
to the degradation
Culture
of Pak-Bung.
of pectin
-Note-
is most in the
Sustmu
HASHIMOTO,KENJI FUR~XAWA, and SURATWADEE JIWAJ’NDA (De&zrtment of Envinmmcntal Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-I YamaaIz Oka, Suita-shi, Osaka 565, Jafian) Hakkokogaku 65: 131-135. 1987. Fundamental
studies on the plant tissue culture
of pak-bung, which we have used as a nutrient absorber on the d in advanced wastewater treatment, were conducted.
Abstracts of the Articles Printed in Hakkokogaku Kaishi
248
Pretreatment
by
steam-explosion
at
29 kg/ems
The septum was proven to be the best explant source Callus was easily for the tissue culture of pak-bung.
(231°C) for 1.5 min made both bagasse and rice straw
formed from the septum medium which contained
Pretreated
portion on a modified MS 1 mg/f of naphthaleneacetic
acid (NAA) and benzyladenine (BA), and root and shoot redifferentiation were observed after 50 days of incubation. The capacity for callus formation and organ redifferentiation on two-times-diluted modified MS
(l/2 MS)
medium was better
than that on MS
medium. The media favored for callus formation were modified MS medium (NAA 1 mg/l, BA 1 mg/Z) and
most effective
for enzymatic
under
yield was proportional to the ratio of cellulase-holocellulose of the substrate up to 20% (cellulase-substrate ratio:
87
FPU/g).
Above
Desulfonation
rate
of pak-bung
callus
on
specific
l/2 MS
agar
growth medium
(NAA 0.1 mg/l, 2,4_dichlorophenoxyacetic
acid 1.0 mg/
I, BA 0.5 mg/l) was 2.5 times greater
than that on
also high.
Pak-bung
callus
was apt
to change
its
Production
Bagasse and Rice Straw.
from -Note-
Steam-Exploded SHINGO ANDO,
OSAMU OHNO, KOICHI KI~OTO, and SHIRO HANAI
(Takara Shuzo Co., Ltd., Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto 600-91, Jagan) Hakkokogaku 65: 137-141. 1987.
of 20%,
the
and
Insolubilization sp.
-Note-
of
LignoTAKAAKI
(Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Horticulture, Chiba University, Mats&, Matsudo-shi, Chiba 271, Japan) Hakkokogaku 65: 143-145.
1987.
It was presumed that the removal of lignosulfonate from
a
culture
medium
by Penicillium sp.
0-7W
(Hakkokogaku, 63, 1, 1985) was due to its desulfonation and a drop of pH during partially
Ethanol
ratio
FUJII, HIROFIJMI SHINOYAMA, and MINORU YABUKI
l/2 MS medium (NAA 1 mg/l, BA 1 mg/l), but the callus formed was fragile and its water content was colour to brown, but this browning could be retarded by the addition of ascorbic acid and citric acid.
the
increasing rate of ethanol yield became less.
sulfonate by Penicillium
mg/Z). The
bagasse was
bagasse could be converted into 65 g/l ethanol (ethanol yield: 75.6%) by yeast Saccharomycescereuisiae. Ethanol
medium
0.05-1.0
by cellulase.
easier to saccharify than rice straw, and steam-exploded
l/2 MS medium (NAA 1 mg/Z, BA 1 mg/l), and the medium favored for organ redifferentiation was l/2 MS (BA
hydrolysis
the same conditions,
desulfonated
the cultivation.
A lignin
by the fungus accumulated
on
and in mycelial pellets as a compound in irregular shapes. The desulfonated lignin was released from the pellets by washing them with a dilute sodium hydroxide This lignin easily precipitated in acidic solution. solution.
Vol. 65, 19871
247
of the Articles Printed in Hakkokogaku Kaishi
Abstracts
Vol. 65, No. 2 (1987) The Characterization
of Growth of Pae udamonas
under High Dissolved
oeruglmoaa
centration. SEICOSATO,LEE HANG Woo, SUI~KUNI M~XATAU, and JoJr T AKAHASHI(Znstitufeof Applied Biochemistry,
University
of
chain length.
Oxygen Con-
TJukuba,
Sakura-mura,
Niihari-gun, Zbaraki 305, Japan) Hakkokogaku 65: 109-112. 1987. The characterization of growth of Pseudomonas aaruginosa under high dissolved oxygen (DO) con-
The Quality of Aroma Components in Fermented Awamd
Mash by Awmue-i Yeasts Isolated in -NoteHI~AYUU NAKATA, MAURU 19804981. HOSAU, HIROSHI SAMH, KATASHI HIROS&, and TAKASHI SAKAI (Department
centration was investigated. The decrease of cellular yield under high DO concentration was not due to autolysis
of cells.
The generation
of carbon
per unit cell mass and the cellular creased
with decreasing
cellular
dioxide
maintenance
yield.
in-
It was con-
cluded that the amount of glucose which was oxidized
of Brewing
and Fer-
mentation, Tokyo Unirersi~ of Agriculture, 1-l-l Sakaragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156, Jam) Hakkokogaku 65: 121-126. 1987. Aroma components in awamori mash were quantified with gas chromatography. The iso-butyl alcohol in fermented awamori mash by awamori ye&s isolated in 1980-1981 was produced at higher concentrations than by other industrial yeasts. Therefore, the A/B (iso-amyl alcohol/iso-butyl
alcohol) ratio was less than
to carbon dioxide and water increased for increased cellular maintenance under high DO concentration, therefore, the cellular yield decreased.
alcohol produced more than 15.9%
Microbial
the aruamosi mash. These aroma components were characteristics of aroarnori yeasts isolated in 1988-1981.
Treatment
of Crude Oil on the Sea
1.99.
These
yeasts forming
high
concentrations
of
of the alcohol in
Surface Using Nutrient Microcapsules. AKIHIKO MURAKAMI, HIROSHI OKUMURA, SHINZO OYI, Characteristic Behavior of the Respiration Pause Axrro YAMANE, and TAICAHU(OSUGUIA~A (Deof Erwinia carotovora. -NoteSATOSHI Fuxupartment of Chemical Engineering, Facula of Eigineering, OKA and YOSHINARI KOBAYASHI (Government Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Industrial Research Institute, Shikoku Z-3-3, HananoNakamachi, Koganei 184, Japan) Hakkokogaku 65: 113-120. 1987. Pseudomonas sp. treatment of crude oil film spread over the sea surface was better with the sustained supply of encapsulated nutrient salts. Four crude oils, Arabian light, Berri, Murban, and Khafji, were investigated. was improved
The percentage to 4558%
of removal of crude oil
by the microcapsules
com-
pared with 12-19% with no microcapsules. The total dosage required was 12% of crude oil with the lapse of seven days between supplies.
the successive
Samples of crude oil were fractionated into saturated, aromatics, asphaltcne, and column residue fractions
to investigate
the effectiveness
of microbial
decomposition
by column chromatography. Activated The saturated alumina was used as a packing reagent. fraction was most decomposed, followed by the aromatics, however, the asphaltene and column residue n-A&arms among the were only sparsely decomposed. saturated fraction were distributed from 14 to 32 carbon atoms, and decomposition
was not dependent
miya-cho, Takamatsu 65: 127-130. 1987. Erzuinia carotovora GIR
761,
Japan)
Hakkokogaku
1044 (FERM
P-7576)
found to show characteristic respiration during cultivation. The bacterium was
was
behavior cultivated
in a jar-fermentor on basal medium using pectin as the carbon source, and the DO course of the culture solution traced. About nine hours after inoculation the DO increased rapidly for a few minutes; this was caused by a respiration likely related medium. Tissue
pause.
This
phenomenon
to the degradation
Culture
of Pak-Bung.
of pectin
-Note-
is most in the
Sustmu
HASHIMOTO,KENJI FUR~XAWA, and SURATWADEE JIWAJ’NDA (De&zrtment of Envinmmcntal Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-I YamaaIz Oka, Suita-shi, Osaka 565, Jafian) Hakkokogaku 65: 131-135. 1987. Fundamental
studies on the plant tissue culture
of pak-bung, which we have used as a nutrient absorber on the d in advanced wastewater treatment, were conducted.
Abstracts of the Articles Printed in Hakkokogaku Kaishi
248
Pretreatment
by
steam-explosion
at
29 kg/ems
The septum was proven to be the best explant source Callus was easily for the tissue culture of pak-bung.
(231°C) for 1.5 min made both bagasse and rice straw
formed from the septum medium which contained
Pretreated
portion on a modified MS 1 mg/f of naphthaleneacetic
acid (NAA) and benzyladenine (BA), and root and shoot redifferentiation were observed after 50 days of incubation. The capacity for callus formation and organ redifferentiation on two-times-diluted modified MS
(l/2 MS)
medium was better
than that on MS
medium. The media favored for callus formation were modified MS medium (NAA 1 mg/l, BA 1 mg/Z) and
most effective
for enzymatic
under
yield was proportional to the ratio of cellulase-holocellulose of the substrate up to 20% (cellulase-substrate ratio:
87
FPU/g).
Above
Desulfonation
rate
of pak-bung
callus
on
specific
l/2 MS
agar
growth medium
(NAA 0.1 mg/l, 2,4_dichlorophenoxyacetic
acid 1.0 mg/
I, BA 0.5 mg/l) was 2.5 times greater
than that on
also high.
Pak-bung
callus
was apt
to change
its
Production
Bagasse and Rice Straw.
from -Note-
Steam-Exploded SHINGO ANDO,
OSAMU OHNO, KOICHI KI~OTO, and SHIRO HANAI
(Takara Shuzo Co., Ltd., Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto 600-91, Jagan) Hakkokogaku 65: 137-141. 1987.
of 20%,
the
and
Insolubilization sp.
-Note-
of
LignoTAKAAKI
(Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Horticulture, Chiba University, Mats&, Matsudo-shi, Chiba 271, Japan) Hakkokogaku 65: 143-145.
1987.
It was presumed that the removal of lignosulfonate from
a
culture
medium
by Penicillium sp.
0-7W
(Hakkokogaku, 63, 1, 1985) was due to its desulfonation and a drop of pH during partially
Ethanol
ratio
FUJII, HIROFIJMI SHINOYAMA, and MINORU YABUKI
l/2 MS medium (NAA 1 mg/l, BA 1 mg/l), but the callus formed was fragile and its water content was colour to brown, but this browning could be retarded by the addition of ascorbic acid and citric acid.
the
increasing rate of ethanol yield became less.
sulfonate by Penicillium
mg/Z). The
bagasse was
bagasse could be converted into 65 g/l ethanol (ethanol yield: 75.6%) by yeast Saccharomycescereuisiae. Ethanol
medium
0.05-1.0
by cellulase.
easier to saccharify than rice straw, and steam-exploded
l/2 MS medium (NAA 1 mg/Z, BA 1 mg/l), and the medium favored for organ redifferentiation was l/2 MS (BA
hydrolysis
the same conditions,
desulfonated
the cultivation.
A lignin
by the fungus accumulated
on
and in mycelial pellets as a compound in irregular shapes. The desulfonated lignin was released from the pellets by washing them with a dilute sodium hydroxide This lignin easily precipitated in acidic solution. solution.