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Towards a policy for establishing multimodal passenger terminals in Canada
Book Reviews ties. to form an integrated whole which enhances the pedestrian facility design process.
Towards a policy for establishing multimodal passenger terminals in Canada. Bell. David William Rov. Ph.D. Car-
leton Universir): (Canada), 1988. The goal of this research is to develop a methodology aimed at establishing a multimodal passenger terminal policy in Canada. The research also had as specific objectives the development of an information base on multimodal passenger terminals in Canada, the development of an analytical technique for use in transportation planning, the provision of guidelines for developing multimodal passenger terminals in Canada, the identification of future research opportunities and the creation of a greater awareness of multimodal passenger terminals. In order to set the research in context, historic and forecast intercity passenger transportation activity was examined. The research then outlines multimodal passenger terminal activity in Canada and abroad to establish the potential for multimodal passenger terminal development in Canada. To determine the extent of policy activity in multimodal passenger terminals world wide, a literature review is presented covering aspects of transportation policy and analytical techniques. It concludes there is very little literature or existing policies on multimodal passenger terminals. The data-collection phase of the research involved two questionnaires. The first was an open-ended questionnaire to several countries including Sweden, France, the Netherlands. Germany, Japan, the United States and Great Britain. The results of this questionnaire were then used as input into the development of a closed-ended Canadian questionnaire. These results were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative analytical techniques. A simple. easily understood analytic approach was developed using paired comparisons of factor scores and the development of an importance index. Once the results were achieved. two additional analytical techniques-delphi method and case study-were used to validate the results. The results of the analysis indicate that the critical factors in the development of a multimodal passenger terminal in Canada in order of priority are: (i) Integration of various modes of transportation; (ii) Promotion of public transportation; (iii) Cost of terminal; (iv) Government cooperation; (v) Operating factors; (vi) Heritage Building preservation; (vii) Environmental concerns; (viii) Urban development; (ix) Reduction of local traffic congestion. A policy statement using the critical factors is presented and an implementation approach is suggested with guidelines. The actual application of the factors on a Canadian example is also presented.
PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION A comparison of coordinated transportation systems and independent transportation systems via integer linear programming models. Baker, Hope MacMillan, Ph.D. University of South Carolina, 1987. 270~~.
Order No. DA8714948 Human service organizations offer numerous programs for such groups as preschool children, handicapped and elderly persons, etc. Because the majority of the clientele from these agencies are unable to operate or to afford an automobile, the effectiveness of the programs offered is dependent upon the availability of transportation for the participants. Currently, most organizations at the local
345
level offer transportation services independently of one another. This practice has resulted in a duplication of services which could be reduced if local agencies that offer similar programs would coordinate their transportation services. Techniques designed for the development of efficient human transportation systems have been the subject of many research papers in the field of Management Science. A major limitation found in the literature is the focus on transportation systems in which the vehicles carry pure loads. Although two coordinated transportation systems have been suggested in previous studies, the methodologies for implementing such systems are not complete. Presented in this study are the two coordinated transportation systems mentioned above: (1) the coordinated transportation system (CTS) with the Santa Clara delivery method and (2) the CTS with exchange depots. The methodology was designed to achieve the following goals: (1) to develop, test. and evaluate integer linear programming (ILP) models for the two coordinated transportation systems, (2) to illustrate the financial benefits gained from implementing either CTS rather than operating independent transportation systems. and (3) to illustrate which CTS is more efficient given the distance between the agencies in the network. The results of this study indicate that for a two agency/ two vehicle system network, either of the two coordinated transportation systems is far more cost efficient than a system of independently operated systems. The expected savings that two agencies could achieve by coordinating their reiources ranges from $8,115.00 to $lb,400.00 depending upon the particular CIS selected. It can also be inferred from this study that the CTS with exchange depots is the more efficient CTS for networks in which the two agencies are located eight miles or more from one another. If the distance between agencies is less than eight miles it is unclear which CTS is more efficient without further examination of the network.
Development of an expert system to assist the interactive graphic transit system design process. Janarthanan, Natarajan, Ph.D. University ofwashingron, 1987.252~~. Chair-
person: Jerry B. Schneider
Order Number DA8802256
Urban public transit has a vital role in the functioning of most urban areas. Transit network design and evaluation are important components of urban transit planning. Because of their complexity. they can be best handled using interactive graphic methods, coupled with ways to evaluate alternative transit network designs with respect to multiple, conflicting criteria. This dissertation research is focused on an investigation of the applicability of a knowledge-based expert system approach to increasing the productivity of the transit network design process. For this research, an interactive knowledge-based expert system (TNOP-ADVISOR) has been developed to assist the development of high performance transit network designs. TNOP-ADVISOR provides advice about how to modify designs so as to obtain improved performance. A network simulation software package (TNOP) provides the capability for modifying and predicting the performance of these designs. The knowledge-based inference engine is capable of generating advice about what operational and system planning design changes are likely to lead to higher performance levels. Operational variables include headways, vehicle types. layover and departure times. System planning variables include route layout changes or adding/ deleting entire routes. The knowledge-base can be applied to any transit network design problem at any stage of the design process and also can give advice irrespective of the demand pattern or base network being examined. A computer-based interactive multicriteria evaluation method
Towards a policy for establishing multimodal passenger terminals in Canada. Bell. David William Rov. Ph.D. Car-
leton Universir): (Canada), 1988. The goal of this research is to develop a methodology aimed at establishing a multimodal passenger terminal policy in Canada. The research also had as specific objectives the development of an information base on multimodal passenger terminals in Canada, the development of an analytical technique for use in transportation planning, the provision of guidelines for developing multimodal passenger terminals in Canada, the identification of future research opportunities and the creation of a greater awareness of multimodal passenger terminals. In order to set the research in context, historic and forecast intercity passenger transportation activity was examined. The research then outlines multimodal passenger terminal activity in Canada and abroad to establish the potential for multimodal passenger terminal development in Canada. To determine the extent of policy activity in multimodal passenger terminals world wide, a literature review is presented covering aspects of transportation policy and analytical techniques. It concludes there is very little literature or existing policies on multimodal passenger terminals. The data-collection phase of the research involved two questionnaires. The first was an open-ended questionnaire to several countries including Sweden, France, the Netherlands. Germany, Japan, the United States and Great Britain. The results of this questionnaire were then used as input into the development of a closed-ended Canadian questionnaire. These results were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative analytical techniques. A simple. easily understood analytic approach was developed using paired comparisons of factor scores and the development of an importance index. Once the results were achieved. two additional analytical techniques-delphi method and case study-were used to validate the results. The results of the analysis indicate that the critical factors in the development of a multimodal passenger terminal in Canada in order of priority are: (i) Integration of various modes of transportation; (ii) Promotion of public transportation; (iii) Cost of terminal; (iv) Government cooperation; (v) Operating factors; (vi) Heritage Building preservation; (vii) Environmental concerns; (viii) Urban development; (ix) Reduction of local traffic congestion. A policy statement using the critical factors is presented and an implementation approach is suggested with guidelines. The actual application of the factors on a Canadian example is also presented.
PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION A comparison of coordinated transportation systems and independent transportation systems via integer linear programming models. Baker, Hope MacMillan, Ph.D. University of South Carolina, 1987. 270~~.
Order No. DA8714948 Human service organizations offer numerous programs for such groups as preschool children, handicapped and elderly persons, etc. Because the majority of the clientele from these agencies are unable to operate or to afford an automobile, the effectiveness of the programs offered is dependent upon the availability of transportation for the participants. Currently, most organizations at the local
345
level offer transportation services independently of one another. This practice has resulted in a duplication of services which could be reduced if local agencies that offer similar programs would coordinate their transportation services. Techniques designed for the development of efficient human transportation systems have been the subject of many research papers in the field of Management Science. A major limitation found in the literature is the focus on transportation systems in which the vehicles carry pure loads. Although two coordinated transportation systems have been suggested in previous studies, the methodologies for implementing such systems are not complete. Presented in this study are the two coordinated transportation systems mentioned above: (1) the coordinated transportation system (CTS) with the Santa Clara delivery method and (2) the CTS with exchange depots. The methodology was designed to achieve the following goals: (1) to develop, test. and evaluate integer linear programming (ILP) models for the two coordinated transportation systems, (2) to illustrate the financial benefits gained from implementing either CTS rather than operating independent transportation systems. and (3) to illustrate which CTS is more efficient given the distance between the agencies in the network. The results of this study indicate that for a two agency/ two vehicle system network, either of the two coordinated transportation systems is far more cost efficient than a system of independently operated systems. The expected savings that two agencies could achieve by coordinating their reiources ranges from $8,115.00 to $lb,400.00 depending upon the particular CIS selected. It can also be inferred from this study that the CTS with exchange depots is the more efficient CTS for networks in which the two agencies are located eight miles or more from one another. If the distance between agencies is less than eight miles it is unclear which CTS is more efficient without further examination of the network.
Development of an expert system to assist the interactive graphic transit system design process. Janarthanan, Natarajan, Ph.D. University ofwashingron, 1987.252~~. Chair-
person: Jerry B. Schneider
Order Number DA8802256
Urban public transit has a vital role in the functioning of most urban areas. Transit network design and evaluation are important components of urban transit planning. Because of their complexity. they can be best handled using interactive graphic methods, coupled with ways to evaluate alternative transit network designs with respect to multiple, conflicting criteria. This dissertation research is focused on an investigation of the applicability of a knowledge-based expert system approach to increasing the productivity of the transit network design process. For this research, an interactive knowledge-based expert system (TNOP-ADVISOR) has been developed to assist the development of high performance transit network designs. TNOP-ADVISOR provides advice about how to modify designs so as to obtain improved performance. A network simulation software package (TNOP) provides the capability for modifying and predicting the performance of these designs. The knowledge-based inference engine is capable of generating advice about what operational and system planning design changes are likely to lead to higher performance levels. Operational variables include headways, vehicle types. layover and departure times. System planning variables include route layout changes or adding/ deleting entire routes. The knowledge-base can be applied to any transit network design problem at any stage of the design process and also can give advice irrespective of the demand pattern or base network being examined. A computer-based interactive multicriteria evaluation method