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Toxicological effects and safety assessment of sulfonylurea type pesticides
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Abstracts / Toxicology Letters 258S (2016) S62–S324
calcining of diatomaceous earth, brick and ceramics manufacturing. The possible adverse effects of silica exposure in ceramic workers in Turkey have not been examined in detail. In this study, the aim was to evaluate the effects of duration of silica exposure to DNA damage in ceramic workers. The genotoxic changes were assessed by alkaline comet assay in isolated lymphocytes and whole blood cells. There was no correlation between DNA damage and duration of exposure. But it seems that other factors such as age, smoking and usage of protective equipments can affect the silica induced DNA damage. Acknowledgements: This study was funded by a grant from The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (Project number: 115S079). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.06.1798 P12-053 The effects of protective equipments on silica induced DNA damage in ceramic workers H.G. Anlar 1,∗ , M. Bacanli 1 , S. Iritas¸ 2 , C. Bal 3 , E. Tutkun 4 , H. Yılmaz 4 , N. Basaran 1 1
Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey 2 The Council of Forensic Medicine, Branch Office of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey 3 Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey 4 Ankara Occupational Diseases Hospital, 06100 Ankara, Turkey Occupational exposure to free silica occurs in several large categories of industry. Recent reports estimated that there have been 23 million silica-exposed workers in China, over 3 million in India, and over 2 million in Europe. Crystalline silica has been linked with silicosis, lung cancer, and renal diseases. Its adverse health effects have drawn much public health concern worldwide and also in Turkey. In the ceramics industry, workers are also exposed to free crystalline silica in many industrial operations. This study was carried out in some ceramics factories located in Turkey and included 100 male workers. A standardised, self-reporting questionnaire was used. DNA damage was assessed by alkaline comet assay and effects of using protective safety measures such as usage of goggles, gloves and clothes, to observed DNA damage were evaluated. We found that DNA damage was higher in workers who have not used protective equipments. Since International Agency of Research on Cancer (IARC) classified crystalline silica as a Group I human carcinogen, taking the protective safety care in occupational settings to protect workers against harmful effects of silica is important. Acknowledgements: This study was funded by a grant from The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (Project number: 115S079). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.06.1799
P12-054 Toxicological effects and safety assessment of sulfonylurea type pesticides V. Rakitskii 1,∗ , E. Chkhvirkiya 1 , N. Beloyedova 1 , A. Tsatsakis 2 , A. Tsakalof 3 1 Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman, Moscow, Russia 2 University of Crete, Medical School, Heraklion, Greece 3 University of Thessaly, Faculty of Medicine, Larisa, Greece
Sulfonylureas are a family of environmentally compatible herbicides and in this study the toxicity and safety (for humans) of generic derivatives were evaluated with the use of rodent models. Study design: The acute and chronic toxicity were evaluated for sulfonylureas: chlorsulfuron, thifensulfuron-methyl, metsulfuronmethyl, chlorimuron-ethyl, sulfomethuron-methyl, tribenuronmethyl, triflusulfuron-methyl, ethametsulfuron-methyl and rimsulfuron. The compounds were administrated to white male rats by gavage at 5 g/kg b.w. for the evaluation of acute toxicity. In case of chronic toxicity the know brand name NOEL, below and above NOEL doses were administrated 5 days a week for 12 months. Animals functional condition of central nervous system, liver, kidneys and blood system were evaluated after single or multiple per-oral administration and in accordance with previously described methods (Potapov and Rakitsky, 1998). Results: After gavage administration the investigated compounds demonstrated low acute toxicity with LD50 >5000 mg/kg body weight. Chronic exposure caused multiple effects producing significant, mostly no-dose-dependent, alterations of the body weight, of functional condition of the central nervous system and behavior reactions. Also blood biochemical and hematological parameters were altered. For tested generic compounds NOELs found ranged from 0.2 to 4 mg/kg b.w. Conclusion: All the investigated compounds are characterized by low acute toxicity. In case of multiple dose chronic toxicity the tested compounds demonstrated low cumulative effect and characterized by wide zone of biological effect. Reference Potapov, A.I., Rakitsky, V.N., et al., 1998. Hygienic classification of pesticides in the Russian federation. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 28 (2), 79–84.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.06.1800 P12-055 Assessment of occupational exposure to metals, fine and ultrafine particles arising during welding M. Stanislawska 1,∗ , M. Cieslak 2 , I. Kaminska 2 , B. Janasik 1 , R. Kuras 1 , T. Halatek 1 , W. Wasowicz 1 1
Department of Biological and Environmental Monitoring, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland 2 Scientific Department of Unconventional Techniques and Textiles, Textile Research Institute, Lodz, Poland Presently, assessment of occupational exposure to welding fumes is based on determination of inhalable and respirable fractions of dust and its chemical components. Such measurement does not reflect the actual exposure because it does not include significant parameters related to particle sizes, especially the ultrafine ones, below 100 nm, which more and more often are a subject of
Abstracts / Toxicology Letters 258S (2016) S62–S324
calcining of diatomaceous earth, brick and ceramics manufacturing. The possible adverse effects of silica exposure in ceramic workers in Turkey have not been examined in detail. In this study, the aim was to evaluate the effects of duration of silica exposure to DNA damage in ceramic workers. The genotoxic changes were assessed by alkaline comet assay in isolated lymphocytes and whole blood cells. There was no correlation between DNA damage and duration of exposure. But it seems that other factors such as age, smoking and usage of protective equipments can affect the silica induced DNA damage. Acknowledgements: This study was funded by a grant from The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (Project number: 115S079). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.06.1798 P12-053 The effects of protective equipments on silica induced DNA damage in ceramic workers H.G. Anlar 1,∗ , M. Bacanli 1 , S. Iritas¸ 2 , C. Bal 3 , E. Tutkun 4 , H. Yılmaz 4 , N. Basaran 1 1
Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey 2 The Council of Forensic Medicine, Branch Office of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey 3 Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey 4 Ankara Occupational Diseases Hospital, 06100 Ankara, Turkey Occupational exposure to free silica occurs in several large categories of industry. Recent reports estimated that there have been 23 million silica-exposed workers in China, over 3 million in India, and over 2 million in Europe. Crystalline silica has been linked with silicosis, lung cancer, and renal diseases. Its adverse health effects have drawn much public health concern worldwide and also in Turkey. In the ceramics industry, workers are also exposed to free crystalline silica in many industrial operations. This study was carried out in some ceramics factories located in Turkey and included 100 male workers. A standardised, self-reporting questionnaire was used. DNA damage was assessed by alkaline comet assay and effects of using protective safety measures such as usage of goggles, gloves and clothes, to observed DNA damage were evaluated. We found that DNA damage was higher in workers who have not used protective equipments. Since International Agency of Research on Cancer (IARC) classified crystalline silica as a Group I human carcinogen, taking the protective safety care in occupational settings to protect workers against harmful effects of silica is important. Acknowledgements: This study was funded by a grant from The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (Project number: 115S079). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.06.1799
P12-054 Toxicological effects and safety assessment of sulfonylurea type pesticides V. Rakitskii 1,∗ , E. Chkhvirkiya 1 , N. Beloyedova 1 , A. Tsatsakis 2 , A. Tsakalof 3 1 Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman, Moscow, Russia 2 University of Crete, Medical School, Heraklion, Greece 3 University of Thessaly, Faculty of Medicine, Larisa, Greece
Sulfonylureas are a family of environmentally compatible herbicides and in this study the toxicity and safety (for humans) of generic derivatives were evaluated with the use of rodent models. Study design: The acute and chronic toxicity were evaluated for sulfonylureas: chlorsulfuron, thifensulfuron-methyl, metsulfuronmethyl, chlorimuron-ethyl, sulfomethuron-methyl, tribenuronmethyl, triflusulfuron-methyl, ethametsulfuron-methyl and rimsulfuron. The compounds were administrated to white male rats by gavage at 5 g/kg b.w. for the evaluation of acute toxicity. In case of chronic toxicity the know brand name NOEL, below and above NOEL doses were administrated 5 days a week for 12 months. Animals functional condition of central nervous system, liver, kidneys and blood system were evaluated after single or multiple per-oral administration and in accordance with previously described methods (Potapov and Rakitsky, 1998). Results: After gavage administration the investigated compounds demonstrated low acute toxicity with LD50 >5000 mg/kg body weight. Chronic exposure caused multiple effects producing significant, mostly no-dose-dependent, alterations of the body weight, of functional condition of the central nervous system and behavior reactions. Also blood biochemical and hematological parameters were altered. For tested generic compounds NOELs found ranged from 0.2 to 4 mg/kg b.w. Conclusion: All the investigated compounds are characterized by low acute toxicity. In case of multiple dose chronic toxicity the tested compounds demonstrated low cumulative effect and characterized by wide zone of biological effect. Reference Potapov, A.I., Rakitsky, V.N., et al., 1998. Hygienic classification of pesticides in the Russian federation. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 28 (2), 79–84.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.06.1800 P12-055 Assessment of occupational exposure to metals, fine and ultrafine particles arising during welding M. Stanislawska 1,∗ , M. Cieslak 2 , I. Kaminska 2 , B. Janasik 1 , R. Kuras 1 , T. Halatek 1 , W. Wasowicz 1 1
Department of Biological and Environmental Monitoring, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland 2 Scientific Department of Unconventional Techniques and Textiles, Textile Research Institute, Lodz, Poland Presently, assessment of occupational exposure to welding fumes is based on determination of inhalable and respirable fractions of dust and its chemical components. Such measurement does not reflect the actual exposure because it does not include significant parameters related to particle sizes, especially the ultrafine ones, below 100 nm, which more and more often are a subject of