6. Landreneau RJ, Herlan DB, Johnson JA, et al. Thoracoscopic neodymium:yttrium-aluminum garnet laser-assisted pulmonary resection. Ann Thorac Surg 1991;52:117M. 7. Wakabayashi A. Expanded applications of diagnostic and therapeutic thoracoscopy. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1991;102: 721-3.
CASE REPORT AXFORD ET AL THORACOSCOPIC VAGOTOMY FOR PEPTIC ULCER
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8. Muller E. The usefulness of Carlen’s mediastinoscopy for the estimation of operability in carcinoma of the esophagus and cardia. Thoraxchir Vask Chir 1970;18:97-101. 9. Katkhouda N, Mouiel J. A new technique of surgical treatment of chronic duodenal ulcer without laparotomy by videocoelioscopy. Am J Surg 1991;161:3614.
REVIEW OF RECENT BOOKS
Transesophageal Echocardiography. Clinical and Intraoperative Applications By IosC Missri New York, Churchill Livingstone, 1993 248 p p , illustrated, $124.95
Reviewed by Iohn Calhoon, M D , and M i p e l Zabalgoitia, M D This monograph contains a wealth of information for the cardiac surgeon and cardiologist alike. The format is that of an illustrated atlas with numerous schematic drawings and a variety of corresponding two-dimensional color flow images. The text opens with chapters giving some historical perspective and dealing with necessary equipment and laboratory setup for effective performance of transesophageal echocardiography. An important chapter on various techniques of insertion and indications for transesophageal echocardiography follows. Risks and complications are reviewed and outlined as well. A chapter useful to the novice is included on transesophageal tomographic anatomy. Very nicely outlined are the various commonly used imagining planes and positions in transesophageal echocardiography, illustrating its applications and limitations in this regard. The next section of the text contains several chapters on aortic valvular and mitral valvular disease as well as sections on tricuspid and pulmonary valve imagining. These include good images of the pathology seen with transesophageal echocardiog-
raphy and again have indications for when to seek additional information that transesophageal echocardiography may reveal. A very worthwhile section for cardiologists and surgeons alike is the chapter dedicated to prosthetic valve evaluation and dysfunction. Transesophageal echocardiography has evolved as a very powerful tool for evaluation of aortic dissection and aneurysm as well as extent and invasiveness of infective endocarditis. The chapters on these are complete and worthwhile. The text is completed by a number of other sections dealing with cardiac tumors, evaluating for source of embolization, possible use of transesophageal echocardiography in coronary disease, and evaluation of congenital heart disease in the adult. Covered in the text is application in the perioperative period for evaluation of myocardial function and in the postoperative period for monitoring of possible ischemia or early myocardial dysfunction. In all, this is a well-rounded, brief, but complete text on the evolving field of transesophageal echocardiography that lends itself well to the health care practitioner interested in an in-depth knowledge of this modality. We were disappointed there was not more about Doppler evaluation of gradients or assessment of stenotic valvar orifices. Despite this one omission, the text performs its educational mission well and is a valuable reference for those interested in cardiac evaluation by this means.