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Transesterification process to biofuel in heterogeneous catalysis
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Special Abstracts / Journal of Biotechnology 150S (2010) S1–S576
as it was being produced. Several solvents including vegetable oils were experimentally evaluated for biocompatibility with Z. anaerobia and the ability to extract ethanol during batch and continuous fermentations in 2 L stirred vessels. Oleyl alcohol, iso-octadecanol and 2-octyl-1-dodecanol were the three solvents that were found to be nontoxic to Z. anaerobia. With these solvents, the cell viability relative to control (no solvent) was 1.48 ± 0.4, 1.03 ± 0.18 and 1.05 ± 0.07, respectively, after two days of exposure. Productivity enhancement of Z. anaerobia ethanol fermentation will be discussed. doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.08.355
The scheme of the traditional plant and the new our process are represented in Fig. 1. doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.08.356 [P-B.4] Modeling of Pachysolen tannophilus individual-based simulations
batch
cultures
by
E. Castro 1,2,∗ , M. Ginovart 1,2 , A. Gras 1,2 1
University of Jaén, Spain Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Spain Keywords: Pachysolen; Modeling; Ethanol 2
[P-B.3] Transesterification process to biofuel in heterogeneous catalysis Andrea Sliepcevich ∗ , Simone Gelosa, Davino Gelosa Dipartimento C.M.I.C. “G. Natta” - Politecnico di Milano, Italy Keywords: Biofuel; biodiesel; Base catalyst; Heterogeneous process Biofuel interest is continuously increasing for two main reasons: the need of reducing the fossil fuel dependence and of increasing the production of renewable fuels to reduce the CO2 production. Biodiesel fuel from vegetal oil attracts attention as a promising one to be substituted for conventional diesel fuel; however, the use of biofuels have become controvertial. Biodiesel is usually produced by alkaline transesterification of triglyceride to methyl esters. In this conventional method, a large amount of waste water was produced to separate and clean the catalyst and the products. In this work a new continuous process in heterogeneous base catalysis is proposed for the preparation of the fatty methyl esters from vegetal oils and methanol; this reaction is represented by the following general equation: Triglycerid + 3(methyl alcohol) → 3(methyl ester) + glycerol The main differences between the conventional methods and this process are: - At the end of the reaction the catalyst is washed with methanol to separate the glycerol, without other regeneration processes; then we start for a second run. - The capacity to support the separation of the methyl ester and glycerol avoiding following an expansive separation process. - The methyl ester produced doesn’t need subsequent purification process after separation of the methanol.
Pachysolen tannophilus has been claimed as a promising yeast for being used in biochemical processes leading to bioethanol from lignocellulosic materials, because of its ability to convert both hexoses and pentoses. Because of the complexity of fermentation processes based on different sugars, further knowledge on modeling and characterization of the process is desirable for improving yeast performance. Individual-based models (IbMs) can be used for getting such knowledge. IbMs fulfill requirements for successful description of microbial growth and metabolism under a wide range of conditions. INDISIM-YEAST was, as far as we know, the first simulator to adopt the IbM perspective in the study of yeast batch cultures. It was first developed for Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and it is now ready to be adapted to other yeasts. It appears competent to describe in detail the diverse abiotic and biotic reactions controlling these conversions at individual yeast level. The aim of this work is to show how this simulator can be used to study batch cultures of Pachysolen tannophilus in order to investigate the fermenting process of xylose and glucose. Experimental results of biomass and ethanol production and substrate consumption from fermentations performed with several initial concentrations of d-xylose have been analysed. The inhibitory effect in the cell level exerted by the substrate itself and also by the ethanol formed has been established in the individual yeast model. Preliminary simulation results achieved with INDISIM-YEAST are presented and discussed. The different growth phases (lag, exponential and linear) can be easily identified in both experimental and computer-generated growth curves. While the use of more classical, mathematical models are helpful to fit these experimental data and get information on kinetic and yield parameters for these different phases, the use of this IbM can provide a closer look to microscopic level. doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.08.357 [P-B.5] Improved utilization of xylose by mutated-fused yeast for bioethanol production P. Kahar, S. Tanaka ∗ Meisei University, Japan Keywords: Xylose; Bioethanol; Mutation-fusion; Fermentation
Fig. 1.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae is used widely and traditionally for industrial ethanol production because of its ability to produce high concentrations of ethanol from hexoses and its high tolerance to ethanol and other inhibitory compounds. However, S. cerevisiae is naturally unable to metabolize pentoses, such as xylose and arabinose. Xylose is the second abundant fermentable sugar present in
Special Abstracts / Journal of Biotechnology 150S (2010) S1–S576
as it was being produced. Several solvents including vegetable oils were experimentally evaluated for biocompatibility with Z. anaerobia and the ability to extract ethanol during batch and continuous fermentations in 2 L stirred vessels. Oleyl alcohol, iso-octadecanol and 2-octyl-1-dodecanol were the three solvents that were found to be nontoxic to Z. anaerobia. With these solvents, the cell viability relative to control (no solvent) was 1.48 ± 0.4, 1.03 ± 0.18 and 1.05 ± 0.07, respectively, after two days of exposure. Productivity enhancement of Z. anaerobia ethanol fermentation will be discussed. doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.08.355
The scheme of the traditional plant and the new our process are represented in Fig. 1. doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.08.356 [P-B.4] Modeling of Pachysolen tannophilus individual-based simulations
batch
cultures
by
E. Castro 1,2,∗ , M. Ginovart 1,2 , A. Gras 1,2 1
University of Jaén, Spain Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Spain Keywords: Pachysolen; Modeling; Ethanol 2
[P-B.3] Transesterification process to biofuel in heterogeneous catalysis Andrea Sliepcevich ∗ , Simone Gelosa, Davino Gelosa Dipartimento C.M.I.C. “G. Natta” - Politecnico di Milano, Italy Keywords: Biofuel; biodiesel; Base catalyst; Heterogeneous process Biofuel interest is continuously increasing for two main reasons: the need of reducing the fossil fuel dependence and of increasing the production of renewable fuels to reduce the CO2 production. Biodiesel fuel from vegetal oil attracts attention as a promising one to be substituted for conventional diesel fuel; however, the use of biofuels have become controvertial. Biodiesel is usually produced by alkaline transesterification of triglyceride to methyl esters. In this conventional method, a large amount of waste water was produced to separate and clean the catalyst and the products. In this work a new continuous process in heterogeneous base catalysis is proposed for the preparation of the fatty methyl esters from vegetal oils and methanol; this reaction is represented by the following general equation: Triglycerid + 3(methyl alcohol) → 3(methyl ester) + glycerol The main differences between the conventional methods and this process are: - At the end of the reaction the catalyst is washed with methanol to separate the glycerol, without other regeneration processes; then we start for a second run. - The capacity to support the separation of the methyl ester and glycerol avoiding following an expansive separation process. - The methyl ester produced doesn’t need subsequent purification process after separation of the methanol.
Pachysolen tannophilus has been claimed as a promising yeast for being used in biochemical processes leading to bioethanol from lignocellulosic materials, because of its ability to convert both hexoses and pentoses. Because of the complexity of fermentation processes based on different sugars, further knowledge on modeling and characterization of the process is desirable for improving yeast performance. Individual-based models (IbMs) can be used for getting such knowledge. IbMs fulfill requirements for successful description of microbial growth and metabolism under a wide range of conditions. INDISIM-YEAST was, as far as we know, the first simulator to adopt the IbM perspective in the study of yeast batch cultures. It was first developed for Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and it is now ready to be adapted to other yeasts. It appears competent to describe in detail the diverse abiotic and biotic reactions controlling these conversions at individual yeast level. The aim of this work is to show how this simulator can be used to study batch cultures of Pachysolen tannophilus in order to investigate the fermenting process of xylose and glucose. Experimental results of biomass and ethanol production and substrate consumption from fermentations performed with several initial concentrations of d-xylose have been analysed. The inhibitory effect in the cell level exerted by the substrate itself and also by the ethanol formed has been established in the individual yeast model. Preliminary simulation results achieved with INDISIM-YEAST are presented and discussed. The different growth phases (lag, exponential and linear) can be easily identified in both experimental and computer-generated growth curves. While the use of more classical, mathematical models are helpful to fit these experimental data and get information on kinetic and yield parameters for these different phases, the use of this IbM can provide a closer look to microscopic level. doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.08.357 [P-B.5] Improved utilization of xylose by mutated-fused yeast for bioethanol production P. Kahar, S. Tanaka ∗ Meisei University, Japan Keywords: Xylose; Bioethanol; Mutation-fusion; Fermentation
Fig. 1.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae is used widely and traditionally for industrial ethanol production because of its ability to produce high concentrations of ethanol from hexoses and its high tolerance to ethanol and other inhibitory compounds. However, S. cerevisiae is naturally unable to metabolize pentoses, such as xylose and arabinose. Xylose is the second abundant fermentable sugar present in