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TRANSPARENT UNBREAKABLE HYPODERMIC SYRINGE.
744 the earth’s structure has always been problematical, and it is satisfactory to pass from the region of speculation to Mr. Fisher’s applicatioa of simple mathematical reasoning to the investigation. After the subject of underground temperature has been considered, the author speculates about the condition of the earth’s interior. Although no actual law of density has been determined beyond the fact that the surface density is about 25, and the mean density of the whole earth about5’5, it is considered probable that the earth consists of a series of layers, each of equable density, the heaviest being nearest the centre. Since this is the form which a liquid spheroid would assume on cooling, and under the action of rotation and gravitation, it is concluded that the earth was once wholly melted. The author asks if the requirements of great rigidity as a whole may not be " satisfied by the hypothesis of a rigid nucleus, nearly approaching the size of the whole globe, covered by a fluid substratum of no great thickness compared to the radius, upon which a crust of lesser density floats in a state of equilibrium." He considers that the crust has become solid by cooling, the nucleus is solid by pressure, but is "potentially fluid," and that the intermediate layer "is not under sufficient pressure to be rendered solid, and is sufficiently hot to be fluid." On this hypothesis the depressions, elevations, ruptures, and contortions to which the earth’s crust has been subjected are explained, as also the phenomena of earthquakes and volcanoes. The existence of a fluid substratum beneath the crust would enable lateral compression to produce depressions below, as well as elevations above, the datum level. The elevations of the crust must have corresponding downward protuberances into the substratum forming the roots of mountains. The process of denudation therefore may operate extensively without diminishing the altitude of the tract denuded ; for as the surface is denuded it is raised by flotation. The explanations given of many other phenomena, such as the distribution and eruption of volcanoes, are probable and full of interest. It is to be hoped that the author will continue his investigations so as to confirm what he has already so ably written, and elucidate other unex-
plained phenomena. Hints for Investors. By WALTER M. PLAYFORD. London : Crosby Lockwood & Co. 1882,-Mr. Playford has produced a very interesting and useful little work, which should be read by all investors, and particularly by the class, which is so largely represented in the medical profession, of those small capitalists who require to place small sums in stock bearing a fair amount of interest and safe withal. The hints given in this little volume with regard to the precaution which it is necessary to take with a view to secure a perfect limit of liability are especially valuable. The lamentable case of the City of Glasgow Bank-in the crash of which so many suffered irreparable loss, the number of the victims unhappily including several members of our profession-points the moral of a story of carelessness or ignorance, or both combined. The appendix contains, besides other useful tables and epitomes, one showing the quarterly averprices of consols from 1859 to 1882. Those of our readers who are interested in statistical science may remember a paper read by Dr. Farr before the Statistical Society of London a few years ago, in which he reviewed the fluctuation of prices, and drew the curious inference that the progress of the market value of our national stock had in the main been strictly commensurate, pro rata, with the progress which any actuary might have predicted long ago This fact, assuming it to be on strictly financial premisses. one, shows the sound principle on which works treating the value of money from the historical standpoint are based. We congratulate Mr. Playford on having produced a book which will be sure to interest, and, still better, help prudent and sober-minded investors. age
New Inventions. TRANSPARENT UNBREAKABLE HYPODERMIC SYRINGE.
MESSRS. THOMAS NICHOLLS & 8o:N, of 258, Kingsland. road, N.E,, have submitted to us one of their transparent unbreakable hypodermic syringes. The workmanship is of the best; and the advantages claimed for the cylinder are that the material of which it is made is not only as trans. parent as glass, but cannot be broken. It is impervious to fluids at the same time that it is unaffected by climate. The same firm manufactures syringes of all sizes, from those used for veterinary purposes down to those in ordinary use (six minims) by medical men. -
CUXSON’S IODOFORM WOOL. MESSRS. CUXSON & Co. of Wednesbury have forwarded to us a sample of their iodoform wool. It is thoroughly im. pregnated with iodoform, which gives it a faint yellow colour and characteristic smell; and it is thoroughly absor. bent, and appears to be well calculated to answer the purposes of such a preparation. SURGICAL TOW. WE have received from Messrs. Stephenson and Travis, 12, Hopwood-street, Liverpool, a sample of the surgical tow they are supplying to the medical profession. This material is now largely used in cases where the more rigidly perfect antiseptic dressings cannot be applied, and we can thoroughly recommend this special preparation on account of its softness, uniformity, and purity. It has many uses.
THE ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF MEDICINE BY RESEARCH. To the Editor of THE LANCET.
SIR,—The following
sums,
amounting altogether to
more
than one thousand pounds, have been already subscribed to the general purposes of the Association for the Advancement of Medical Science by means of Research. Our first expenditure will be in
reprinting
expository and instructive
and
circulating
the
numerous
statements which have appeared We must on the methods and objects of scientific medicine. also have sufficient funds in hand to meet promptly any attack from outside upon the invaluable labours of competent and, thirdly, we hope to be able to assist such by the material aid as well as by the moral sup-
investigators ; researches
port of the united profession. Subscriptions may be forwarded to me, or to the Hon. Secretary, Dr. Pye Smith. Thanking you for the welcome with which you have received the new I am, Sir, your obedient servant, Association, SAMUEL SAMUEL WILKS, Treasurer. 72, Grosvenor-street, W., May 3rd, 1882.
plained phenomena. Hints for Investors. By WALTER M. PLAYFORD. London : Crosby Lockwood & Co. 1882,-Mr. Playford has produced a very interesting and useful little work, which should be read by all investors, and particularly by the class, which is so largely represented in the medical profession, of those small capitalists who require to place small sums in stock bearing a fair amount of interest and safe withal. The hints given in this little volume with regard to the precaution which it is necessary to take with a view to secure a perfect limit of liability are especially valuable. The lamentable case of the City of Glasgow Bank-in the crash of which so many suffered irreparable loss, the number of the victims unhappily including several members of our profession-points the moral of a story of carelessness or ignorance, or both combined. The appendix contains, besides other useful tables and epitomes, one showing the quarterly averprices of consols from 1859 to 1882. Those of our readers who are interested in statistical science may remember a paper read by Dr. Farr before the Statistical Society of London a few years ago, in which he reviewed the fluctuation of prices, and drew the curious inference that the progress of the market value of our national stock had in the main been strictly commensurate, pro rata, with the progress which any actuary might have predicted long ago This fact, assuming it to be on strictly financial premisses. one, shows the sound principle on which works treating the value of money from the historical standpoint are based. We congratulate Mr. Playford on having produced a book which will be sure to interest, and, still better, help prudent and sober-minded investors. age
New Inventions. TRANSPARENT UNBREAKABLE HYPODERMIC SYRINGE.
MESSRS. THOMAS NICHOLLS & 8o:N, of 258, Kingsland. road, N.E,, have submitted to us one of their transparent unbreakable hypodermic syringes. The workmanship is of the best; and the advantages claimed for the cylinder are that the material of which it is made is not only as trans. parent as glass, but cannot be broken. It is impervious to fluids at the same time that it is unaffected by climate. The same firm manufactures syringes of all sizes, from those used for veterinary purposes down to those in ordinary use (six minims) by medical men. -
CUXSON’S IODOFORM WOOL. MESSRS. CUXSON & Co. of Wednesbury have forwarded to us a sample of their iodoform wool. It is thoroughly im. pregnated with iodoform, which gives it a faint yellow colour and characteristic smell; and it is thoroughly absor. bent, and appears to be well calculated to answer the purposes of such a preparation. SURGICAL TOW. WE have received from Messrs. Stephenson and Travis, 12, Hopwood-street, Liverpool, a sample of the surgical tow they are supplying to the medical profession. This material is now largely used in cases where the more rigidly perfect antiseptic dressings cannot be applied, and we can thoroughly recommend this special preparation on account of its softness, uniformity, and purity. It has many uses.
THE ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF MEDICINE BY RESEARCH. To the Editor of THE LANCET.
SIR,—The following
sums,
amounting altogether to
more
than one thousand pounds, have been already subscribed to the general purposes of the Association for the Advancement of Medical Science by means of Research. Our first expenditure will be in
reprinting
expository and instructive
and
circulating
the
numerous
statements which have appeared We must on the methods and objects of scientific medicine. also have sufficient funds in hand to meet promptly any attack from outside upon the invaluable labours of competent and, thirdly, we hope to be able to assist such by the material aid as well as by the moral sup-
investigators ; researches
port of the united profession. Subscriptions may be forwarded to me, or to the Hon. Secretary, Dr. Pye Smith. Thanking you for the welcome with which you have received the new I am, Sir, your obedient servant, Association, SAMUEL SAMUEL WILKS, Treasurer. 72, Grosvenor-street, W., May 3rd, 1882.